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Countering Holocaust Denial and Distortion through Education: Lesson Activities for Secondary Education سنة النشر: 2025 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO Adaptable lessons to foster critical thinking, empathy and tolerance Holocaust denial rejects historical facts outright, while distortion manipulates the narrative. Both phenomena undermine historical truth, fuel antisemitism, and attack democratic values. By addressing these issues, this set of lesson activities for secondary education seeks to build students’ resilience against falsehoods through fostering critical thinking, empathy, and global citizenship. It was developed by UNESCO and funded by the European Commission to equip educators with tools to confront the dangerous spread of Holocaust denial and distortion. With 12 engaging lessons, students aged 14 to 18 will explore the historical facts of the Holocaust while learning to critically evaluate misinformation in today’s digital world. From analyzing survivor testimonies to deconstructing harmful memes and conspiracy theories, this resource features 12 adaptable lessons that focus on historical literacy, media analysis, and social-emotional competencies. Topics range from identifying denial and distortion, evaluating media and online sources, analyzing primary evidence like survivor testimonies, and understanding the misuse of Holocaust history in memes and conspiracy theories. Activities are scaffolded with questions, examples, and practical exercises to encourage analytical skills and promote meaningful classroom discussions. The lessons also include suggestions for incorporating primary sources, visiting memorial sites, and addressing broader issues of genocide and hate. In doing so, the guide aims to not only preserve Holocaust memory but also strengthen the values of truth, empathy, and tolerance in younger generations.  A Whole New World, Reimagined by Women (The UNESCO Courier no. 2, July-September 2020) سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO In this issue, the UNESCO Courier gives women a voice. Political scientists, journalists, sociologists, researchers, writers, and teachers have drawn the contours of the post-pandemic era – whether it is the future of museums, changes in schools, the rise of disinformation, or the challenges of scientific research.This issue paints a sobering picture of our times – highlights the fault-lines exposed by the health crisis, and shows the magnitude of the challenges ahead. It also underlines the potential for scientific, cultural and educational co-operation that this unprecedented event has revealed. If the reflections, the desire for change, and the movements of mutual aid that have emerged are not short-lived, the world really could become a more united, more sustainable and more egalitarian place.  Les femmes prennent la parole (Le Courrier de l’UNESCO no. 2, Juillet-septembre 2020) سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO Politologues, journalistes, sociologues, chercheuses, écrivaines ou enseignantes dessinent les contours de l’après-pandémie, qu’il s’agisse de l’avenir des musées, des mutations de l’école, des dérives de l’information ou encore des enjeux de la recherche.Ce numéro trace un portrait en creux de notre époque, souligne les lignes de fracture que la crise sanitaire a mises à nu et montre l’ampleur des défis à relever. Il souligne aussi le potentiel de coopération scientifique, culturelle, éducative que cet événement inédit a révélé. Si les réflexions, le désir de changement et les mouvements d’entraide qui se sont manifestés ne restent pas sans lendemain, le monde pourrait réellement devenir plus solidaire, plus durable et plus égalitaire.  History Under Attack: Holocaust Denial and Distortion on Social Media سنة النشر: 2022 المؤلف المؤسسي: 联合国教科文组织 (UNESCO) | United Nations (UN) A new United Nations and UNESCO study together with the support of the World Jewish Congress investigates Holocaust denial and distortion on social media, measuring their extent and nature on Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, Twitter and TikTok, at a time when the memory and fundamental facts of the Holocaust are under threat from lies, smears and the spread of violent ideologies. It provides recommendations that governments, online platforms, educators and researchers can implement to counter denial and distortion, prevent antisemitism and uphold human rights.This report aims to provide a wide-ranging assessment of the extent to which Holocaust-related content on social media and online platforms denies its factual basis or distorts the Holocaust by minimizing or misrepresenting its history. The report seeks to identify content that has evaded content moderation (on platforms that seek to remove content which denies and distorts the Holocaust). Perhaps more importantly, it also aims to provide an understanding of how denial and distortion about the Holocaust are communicated by people on online platforms.  [Summary] Media and Information Literacy: The Time to Act is Now! سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO UNESCO has developed a comprehensive Curriculum which provides a framework for training teachers. But it is also a foundation that will also be of help to others: to learners, to content providers like internet companies and news media outlets, and to citizens of all ages as they consume, create and use content, including information.The second edition of the learning resource has been significantly expanded since the first publication in 2011. The MIL Curriculum reflects the changing nature of the information landscape. It now includes insight from a broader range of content providers than before, including libraries, archives, museums, media, and digital communications companies.The Curriculum is designed to empower educators and learners in general – from schoolteachers to those involved in training, the media and libraries, governments, and NGOs – to train people to spot misrepresentations and disinformation, and most importantly develop critical thinking competencies.  온라인 허위정보와 뉴스 미디어 سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف: 박아란, 이나연, 오현경 المؤلف المؤسسي: 한국언론진흥재단 본 연구에서는 코로나19 사태 등 최근 국내외에서 발생한 주요 사안들과 관련하여 유포되고 있는 허위정보와 가짜뉴스의 사례와 개념 등을 정리하고 각국의 대응방안에 대해 조사하는 것을 목표로 한다. 특히 현재 진행 중인 코로나19 사태는 전 세계적으로 관심이 집중되고 있는 사안이니만큼 코로나19와 관련된 허위정보의 확산 및 피해 사례들을 중점적으로 살펴보고, 최근 선거를 치르거나 앞두고 있는 국가들의 사례를 통해 선거 관련 허위조작정보 문제에 대해서도 살펴봄으로써 사회적 혼란을 가져오고 불신을 양산하는 허위정보 문제에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 한다.  Social Media 4 Peace سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO | European Union (EU) The overall objective of the UNESCO project 'Social Media 4 Peace' funded by the European Union is to strengthen the resilience of societies to potentially harmful content spread online, in particular hate speech inciting violence while protecting freedom of expression and enhancing the promotion of peace through digital technologies, notably social media. For more information, please visit:https://en.unesco.org/social-media-4-peace  Addressing Conspiracy Theories: What Teachers Need to Know سنة النشر: 2022 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO This document is a first introduction for educators, working in and outside of formal schooling, on how to identify, prevent and address conspiracy theories in education settings. It seeks to provide educators with key definitions and essential knowledge to grasp the complexity of the phenomenon and alert learners about the key characteristics and harmful effects of conspiracy theories for a first, immediate response. To support educators in this endeavour, this document outlines strategies to prevent the belief in conspiracy theories as well as to engage with learners who already believe in them.