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Global Education Monitoring Report 2024: Gender Report; Technology on Her Terms سنة النشر: 2024 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO | Global Education Monitoring Report Team The 2024 Gender Report tells the increasingly positive story of girls’ education access, attainment and achievement, which is helping reverse decades of discrimination. But there is much more to say on gender equality in and through education. A companion to the 2023 GEM Report, this report looks at the interaction between education and technology with a gender lens. First, it looks at the impact of technology on girls’ education opportunities and outcomes. Although many instances are seen of radio, television and mobile phones providing a learning lifeline for girls, particularly in crisis contexts, gender divides exist globally in both access to technology and in digital skills, although the latter are smaller among youth compared to among adults. Biased social and cultural norms inhibit equitable access to and engagement with technology in and outside of school, with girls always left on the wrong side of the divide. While technology offers many girls opportunities to access important education content in safe environments, for instance on comprehensive sexuality education, technology in practice often exacerbates negative gender norms or stereotypes. Social media usage impacts learners’ and particularly girls’ well-being and self-esteem. The ease with which cyberbullying can be magnified through the use of online devices in the school environment is a cause of concern, as is the biased design of artificial intelligence algorithms. Second, the report looks into the role of education on the shape of future technological development. It shows that women struggle to pursue STEM careers, which manifests from an early age in the form of anxiety in mathematics and develops into a reluctance to study STEM subjects, ultimately resulting in a lack of women in the technology workforce. Women make up only 35% STEM graduates, and hold only a quarter of science, engineering and ICT jobs. Ensuring women participate on equal terms in shaping the world’s ongoing digital transformation will ensure that technology works for everyone and takes into consideration the needs of all humanity. 
What Kind of Power Does Technology Have on the Development of Education: On the Development Principle of Technical Force in the Process of Educational Modernization (Modern Education Review; No.3, 2022) سنة النشر: 2022 المؤلف: 余清臣 In the process of continuously promoting the comprehensive modernization of education, the issue of what influence technology has on the development of education has caused many debates and disputes. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply explore the connotation of technology and the possible influence of technology on the development of education. Up to now, technology has been a concept with multiple connotations, which can be divided into two levels:core essence and peripheral influence. At present, the influence of technology with multiple connotations on educational development is manifested in three aspects:technology enriches and upgrades educational means, promotes and changes the action efficiency and life form of educational subjects, and influences and changes the way the educational world is organized. In the process of comprehensively promoting the modernization of education, the planning and application of technological forces in education should focus on promoting the all-round development of mankind in the world, not on defeating or replacing other forces, and pursue the organic combination with other forces. In addition, continuous introspection, feedback and correction are also very important. 技术对教育发展具有什么样的力量: 兼论教育现代化进程中的技术力量发展原则 (现代教育论丛; No.3, 2022) سنة النشر: 2022 المؤلف: 余清臣 在持续推进教育全面现代化的进程中,关于技术对教育发展拥有什么样影响力的问题已引发不少争议和分歧,因而有必要深入探索技术内涵以及技术对教育发展的可能影响力。不断发展至今,技术已是一个具有多重内涵的概念,可以分为内核实质与外围影响两个层次。具有多重内涵的技术对教育发展的影响力量在当前表现为三个方面:技术丰富和升级着教育手段,技术提升和改变着教育主体的行动效能和生命形态,技术影响和转变着教育世界的组织方式。在全面推进教育现代化的过程中,对技术力量的筹划和使用需要坚持四个主要原则:要以推动世界之中的人类全面发展为中心,不以战胜或取代其他力量为重要目的,要追求与其他力量有机结合,需要进行持续的自省、反馈与校正。 
Learning Outcomes of Fifth and Sixth Graders in a Computer Course Using a Virtual Reality Website for Learning (Educational Journal ; Vol.48, No.1) سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف: 曹永庆 | 林佳禾 In recent years, the use of virtual reality (VR) in games and teaching has become increasingly popular. The boundless nature of the Web and the uniqueness of multimedia in VR greatly enhance peer interaction as well as the interaction between learners and virtual objects on Webpages.Elementary schoolchildren’s habits of using Webpages depends upon the navigation interface design of the Webpages. Therefore, understanding the effectiveness of schoolchildren’s visual interaction with Webpages will help implement VR into Websites for schoolchildren.The purpose of this experiment was to explore the learning outcomes of 60 Taiwanese fifth and sixth graders in a computer course using VR Webpages. The experiment involved students learning through the tasks set on the VR Web platform “CoSpaces EDU.” The differences in their learning outcomes on the “5C key competencies” (i.e., communication and coordination skills, teamwork capabilities, problem-solving skills, independent thinking capabilities, and creativity) before and after the experiment were compared.Based on the results of expert assessment and students’ self-evaluation, paired-samples t test was conducted to compare the learning outcomes before and after implementing the VR teaching. Results show that the fifth and sixth graders were found to exhibit excellent 5C competencies after the experiment. 台湾国小高年级学童利用虚拟实境网页学习资讯课程之学习成效 (教育学报; Vol.48, No.1) سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف: 曹永庆 | 林佳禾 近年日益兴起在游戏和教学上运用「虚拟实境」（virtual reality, vr）。在虚拟实境中，基于网路无界限和多媒体的特殊性，大大增强了网页中同侪间和学习者与虚拟物件的互动。 国小学童会因为网页的导览介面设计而影响对网页的使用习惯，因此了解学童在网页视觉互动成效的情况，将有助于把虚拟实境建构在儿童网页的视觉互动上。本实验针对台湾60位高年级学童，探讨他们在利用虚拟实境网页的资讯课程中的学习成效。实验要求学生于cospaces edu虚拟实境网页平台所设定学习任务中学习，并比较实验前、后学生在「沟通协调能力」、「团队合作能力」、「问题解决能力」、「独立思辨能力」和「创造力」等「5c关键能力」中的学习成效差异。本实验由专家评监结果和学生自评结果，进行成对样本t检定，比较虚拟实境教学前、后的学习成效。结果显示，进行学习任务课程后，高年级学生在「5c关键能力」上均达到良好的学习成效。 
An Ed-Tech Tragedy? Educational Technologies and School Closures in the Time of COVID-19 سنة النشر: 2023 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO Charting a new course for the transformation of education in a digital age An Ed-Tech Tragedy? is a detailed analysis of what happened when education became largely reliant on connected technology during school closures stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest global disruption to education in history.Many claim that this experience was chiefly one of forced progress and transformations that have, however haltingly, helped propel education into desirable digital futures. Others underline an experience of imperfect salvation – technology saving the day in an emergency and preserving learning continuity for significant numbers of students, even if not all students were helped. But the global evidence reveals a more sombre picture. It exposes the ways unprecedented educational dependence on technology often resulted in unchecked exclusion, staggering inequality, inadvertent harm and the elevation of learning models that place machines and profit before people. This publication examines the promises of educational technologies against the reality of what was delivered during periods of pandemic school closures, which stretched for various durations from early 2020 to the end of 2022. Dedicated sections consider alternate possibilities that had the potential to be more inclusive and equitable.The analysis extracts lessons and recommendations to chart new and more humanistic directions for the development, integration and use of technology in education. 
미래교육시대의 인간교사와 인공지능(AI) 교사의 역할 및 기능 정립 방향 탐색 연구 سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف: 전제상 المؤلف المؤسسي: 한국교육정책연구소 이 연구는 인공지능의 급격한 발전과 사회의 변화로 교육 현장에 점차 도입될 인공지능이 어떤 모습으로 존재해야 하는지 그리고 어떤 방식으로 학생들에게 도움을 줄 수 있는지 길을 찾고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 인공지능의 현재 상황과 선행연구를 분석하는 것으로 시작하여 인공지능(AI) 교사에 대한 현장 교사들의 인식을 양적, 질적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 토대로 미래교육시대의 교사와 인공지능(AI) 교사의 역할과 기능을 정립하고 상호보완적인 협업 방안을 모색한 후 인공지능(AI) 교사 도입에 따른 제도적, 법적, 윤리적 기준을 확인하였다.인공지능 기반의 미래 사회가 도래했다고 하여 인간교사의 역할이 크게 바뀌지는 않는다. 기존의 해오던 여러 수업과 업무 중에 우선순위의 변화가 생길 수 있고, 수업보다 행정에 할애했던 시간을 수업과 학생지도, 상담 등에 집중할 수 있게 될 것으로 기대한다. 다만 인공지능(AI) 교사 도입에 따라 야기될 윤리적 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 도입 단계부터 준비하여 지속적인 확인과 점검, 성찰을 통해 협업 과정이 목적에 알맞게 기능하도록 모든 요소에 대해 철저하게 대비하고 점검하여야 한다. 
International Forum on AI and Education: Ensuring AI as a Common Good To Transform Education, 7–8 December 2021; Synthesis Report سنة النشر: 2022 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO The ‘International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education: Ensuring AI as a Common Good to Transform Education’ was co-organized by UNESCO, the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, and the National Commission of the People’s Republic of China for UNESCO. Building on the previous ‘AI and the Futures of Education’ forums, held in 2019 and 2020, this 2021 forum set out to explore the importance and role of digital humanism in AI and education. With people and governments worldwide becoming increasingly aware of both the potential and the challenges of AI and education, the forum engaged participants in dialogue about how AI governance and innovation can be enhanced for the common good. Forum participants included government ministers and other high-level ministry officials from Member States, together with representatives of international organizations, NGOs and academic institutions.This synthesis report has been developed by drawing from the International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education held in Beijing and simultaneously online from 7 to 8 December 2021. 
教育技术观念的变迁和发展 سنة النشر: 2020 المؤلف: 王婉婉 随着西方科学技术在教学中的应用，教育技术观念经过时间的流逝在不断发展和充实。现在教育技术的内涵和概念界定已经基本明确，它在教学理论上不断深入和发展，在技术实践上不断取得突破，对教育技术观念起着引领性作用。国内外都是先有教育技术的产生，随后开始研究教育技术，所以后来才有了教育技术观念的变迁和发展。欧美国家的教育技术的发展较国内相比是比较快的，在教育技术观念的变迁中，国内在借鉴欧美国家的理论和技术的基础上也取得了长足的发展。21世纪以来，信息技术更是潜移默化的渗透到教育教学当中，让教师教学和学生学习都更加方便快捷，这都使得人们对教育技术改观并且重视教育技术的发展，这些都影响着教育技术观念的变迁和发展。 
新技术背景下传统经济学课程课程改革探索: 以财政学线上教学为例 سنة النشر: 2023 المؤلف: 陈婷秀 随着计算机技术、移动便携设备、大数据、云计算、人工智能等现代信息技术和设备的高速发展，信息化、便捷化、智能化进程不断推进，高等教育的信息化也在不断深化，朝着更加便捷、更加高效的方向发展，教学模式正在发生巨大、深刻的变革。本文立足新技术背景条件下，掌握了解传统经济学课程改革的需求，探讨传统经济学课程改革的思路，拓展教学模式新的途径方法。结合课程改革实践经验和特点，对照传统教学模式，从教学模式、教学内容、课堂形式、课程考核规划等方面提出了课程改革的具体举措。