ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ

ุงุณุชูƒุดู ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูˆุงุณุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุชุนู…ูŠู‚ ูู‡ู…ูƒ ูˆุชุนุฒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ู….

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ุชู… ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ 67 ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ

Journalism, Fake News & Disinformation: Handbook for Journalism Education and Training ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: Julie Posetti | Cherilyn Ireton | Claire Wardle | Hossein Derakhshan | Alice Matthews | Magda Abu-Fadil | Tom Trewinnard | Fergus Bell | Alexios Mantzarlis ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: UNESCO This handbook seeks to provide an internationally-relevant model curriculum, open to adoption or adaptation, which responds to the emerging global problem of disinformation that confronts societies in general, and journalism in particular. Serving as a model curriculum, the publication is designed to give journalism educators and trainers a framework and lessons to help students and practitioners of journalism to navigate the issues associated with โ€˜fake newsโ€™.The contents draw together the input of leading international journalism educators, researchers and thinkers who are helping to update journalism method and practice to deal with the challenges of misinformation and disinformation. The lessons are contextual, theoretical and in the case of online verification, extremely practical. Used together as a course, or independently, they can help refresh existing teaching modules or create new offerings.It is part of the โ€œGlobal Initiative for Excellence in Journalism Educationโ€, which is a focus of UNESCOโ€™s International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC). The Initiative seeks to engage with teaching, practising and researching of journalism from a global perspective, including sharing international good practices.  The COVID-19 Pandemic of Disinformation and Hate Speech: How can Education and Digital Citizenship Help? ; Synthesis Report ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2020 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: UNESCO COVID-19 is not only one of the most significant health crises of our times, but is also an information crisis taking place in a dynamic and constantly evolving scientific environment with uncertainty on many fundamental issues. The information crisis is the result of the plethora of available information and the difficulty in differentiating true from false -or even fake- information, and identifying what content is in a grey and evolving scientific zone.In this context, education can play an important role in minimizing these risks and promoting values of solidarity and human rights by ensuring that young people, as well as their educators and parents, acquire core competencies of digital citizenship that build resilience to disinformation and misinformation and the exploitation of these by hate-mongers. Education can also help young people engage in the online environment in a safe, sensitive, critical, ethical and accountable way as well as encourage them to play a role in pioneering educational initiatives that contribute to promoting digital citizenship.  How to Stop Misinformation in Times of Coronavirus? ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2020 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | UNESCO Learn how to identify unverified content you receive on your cell phone and avoid spreading information on social media that has not been checked by credible sources. Caring for reliable information is everyone's responsibility, and helps us make better decisions.Learn more about this campaign by UNESCO and UNDP at:https://en.unesco.org/news/disinformation-silent-weapon-times-pandemic  Mapping of Media Information Literacy in Jordan ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: UNESCO Amman This study has come out as results of conducting a regional mapping exercise in Jordan to identify organizations that operate in the field of MIL to:understand the general landscape of MIL in Jordan to pinpoint areas in which UNESCO should intervene,identify different stakeholders that operate in the field of MIL and understand the scope of their work in terms of activities, region and target,determine the areas of MIL that are considered priorities by organizations,identify the key skills covered by the different initiatives and the nature of these activities,determine the challenges organizations are facing in implementing MILThe results of the study revealed that organizations exhibit considerable enthusiasm for the field of MIL and consider the competencies that fall within its scope as paramount in building a society that is empowered to successfully navigate the increasingly complex media sphere and use this knowledge to further contribute to the societal, cultural, educational and scientific development.  ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„(19-24์„ธ)์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2022 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊ฐ•์ง„์ˆ™ | ๊ถŒ์˜คํ˜„ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์  ์Ÿ์ ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฌธ, FGI(Focus group Interview) ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ด์šฉ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ , ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์—์„œ 2022๋…„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ ์ œ4์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•œ โ€˜ํ›„๊ธฐ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„(19-24์„ธ)์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(๊ฐ•์ง„์ˆ™, ๊ถŒ์˜คํ˜„)โ€™๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€ (https://www.nypi.re.kr)์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋‹ค์šด๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2020 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ์ง„๋ฏผ์ • | ๊น€๋ฐ˜์•ผ | ๋ฐ•์œ ์‹  | ์ตœ์ˆ™ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ธ๋ก ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„œ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์—์„œ์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์˜ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ณต๊ณ ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™€ ํ•ด์™ธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œตํ•ฉ์  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์œตํ•ฉ์  ๊ต์œก์˜ ์‹คํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์œตํ•ฉ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์žฌํ˜„ ํ…Œํฌ๋†€๋กœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธํ™˜๋˜๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ํ˜‘์˜์  ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ์ด์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๊ต์œก ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์•ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด, ์‹œ๋Œ€์  ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณ ์ฐฉ๋œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๊ต์œก ํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์˜ ์ œ๊ณ ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ œ ๊ฐ„, ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋“ค ๊ฐ„, ๊ต์œก ๋‚ด์šฉ ๊ฐ„, ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ต์ฐจ, ๊ณต์œ , ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.  ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด์™€ ๋‰ด์Šค ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2020 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๋ฐ•์•„๋ž€, ์ด๋‚˜์—ฐ, ์˜คํ˜„๊ฒฝ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ธ๋ก ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ์‚ฌํƒœ ๋“ฑ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ํฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋‰ด์Šค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋“ฑ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€์‘๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ์‚ฌํƒœ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด๋‹ˆ๋งŒํผ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ํ”ผํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ , ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ—ˆ์œ„์กฐ์ž‘์ •๋ณด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์‹ ์„ ์–‘์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.  ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2019 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ์กฐ์žฌํฌ | ๋‚˜์€์˜ | ์ดํ˜œ์„  ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ธ๋ก ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ๋‹จ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์ง€์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋‹ค๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์— ํŠนํ™”๋œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ œ์–ธ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ์ธ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋งˆ๋ จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.  Balancing Act: Countering Digital Disinformation While Respecting Freedom of Expression ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2020 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: Kalina Bontcheva | Julie Posetti ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: UNESCO | Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development. Working Group on AI Capacity Building | International Telecommunication Union (ITU) This report provides stakeholders with a rich suite of sector-specific recommendations, as well as a helpful 23-point framework that can be used for assessing any particular response to disinformation in the context of freedom of expression challenges. This research will help the widest range of key actors to better understand this phenomenon, and especially the way the world is responding to it, and where the gaps are.At the heart of this knowledge product is the need to balance responses to disinformation with respect for freedom of expression. The research shows us that this can be done.  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดโ€ค์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๋˜๊ธฐ: ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ! ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2022 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: Alton Grizzle | Carolyn Wilson | Ramon Tuazon | C.K. Cheung | Jesus Lau | Rachel Fischer | Dorothy Gordon | Kwame Akyempong | Jagtar Singh | Paul R. Carr | Kristine Stewart | Samy Tayie | Olunifesi Suraj | Maarit Jaakkola | Gina Thรฉsรฉe | Curmira Gulston ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•œ ํด๋ฆญ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ๋„์„œ๊ด€์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ, ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์™€ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ†ต์‹  ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ๊ณต์ž๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ๊ณต์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์ƒ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ œ๊ณต์ž๋Š” ํ‰์ƒํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์—ด์–ด ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด, ํ˜์˜ค ํ‘œํ˜„, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํ”„๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„์‹œ ์นจํ•ด ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ์ œ๋„ ์•ˆ๊ฒจ ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ž€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜œํƒ์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€๋กœ ์–ป๊ณ , ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋Š” ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ์™€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด, ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ ๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ปค๋ฆฌํ˜๋Ÿผ์€ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ต์œก์ž์™€ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ต์œก์  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ต์œก, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ต์œก, ๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๋ฐ ํ—ˆ์œ„์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๊ธ‰์ฆ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์ปค๋ฆฌํ˜๋Ÿผ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๋™๋ฃŒ ๊ต์œก์ž๋„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.