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ุงุณุชูƒุดู ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูˆุงุณุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุชุนู…ูŠู‚ ูู‡ู…ูƒ ูˆุชุนุฒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุงุตุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ู….

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ุชู… ุงู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ 1,852 ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ

Research Trends in Global Citizenship Education in South Korea: An Analysis and Its Implications (The Journal of Korean Education; Vol.45, No.3) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: HeeJung Raina Sim | Chanmi Kim ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: Korean Educational Development Institute (KEDI) Purpose: Global citizenship education(GCED) has drawn the attention of researchers in the last decade; yet, the number of systematic reviews is still not enough. This study therefore aims to examine general research trends in GCED published in the Korean Citation Index(KCI) journals from January 2000 to July 2018.Design/ Methods: The study implemented a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) statement guidelines. As a result, 218 relevant articles have been identified and this study employed a classification form to categorize the characteristics of the studies during meta analyses.Findings/ Results: The results showed that the number of published articles has significantly increased since 2016. Social science was the most common subject. The most frequently used keywords were multicultural education and global citizenship. while glocal and ecological citizenship has recently emerged. Most studies equally cover all education levels. A literature review was most often employed as a research method. Values: In conclusion, many studies have been published on GCED in South Korea in the last decade, but their general consensus is that most of the studies are too often based on a Western school of thought. The findings from the current study direct future studies on the subject.  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™ํ–ฅ ๋ถ„์„: 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2018๋…„ ๋“ฑ์žฌํ•™์ˆ ์ง€ ๊ฒŒ์žฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ (ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก; Vol.45, No.3) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ์‹ฌํฌ์ง„ | ๊น€์ฐฌ๋ฏธ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์› ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2018๋…„๊นŒ ์ง€ ์ถœ๊ฐ„๋œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋“ฑ์žฌ ํ•™์ˆ ์ง€(KCI)๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ๊ณ ๋Š” PRISMA ๋ชจํ˜• ํ๋ฆ„๋„ ๋ฐ COSI ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ KISS, RISS, DBpia ์„ธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ดํ•™์ˆ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ  ์ด์Šค์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 900ํŽธ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์„ ์ •์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์ตœ์ข… 218ํŽธ์ด ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด 73๊ฐœ ํ•™์ˆ ์ง€์— ์ถœํŒ๋˜ ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ โ€˜์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผ๊ต์œกโ€™์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋น„์ค‘(24ํŽธ, 11%)์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜์—ญ์€ ์‹ค์ฒœ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 171ํŽธ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์ ์šฉ์ด, ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดˆ๏ฝฅ์ค‘๏ฝฅ๊ณ ๋“ฑ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ต์  ๊ท ๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ค„์กŒ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(43.3%). ํ•œํŽธ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ถŒ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์–ด์˜จ ๋‹จํŽธ์  ์ด๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์žฌํ•ด์„ ๋“ฑ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์— ์น˜์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ๊ตญ์ ๏ฝฅ๋™์–‘์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฆ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋œ๋‹ค.  2030 ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ(SDGs)์‹ค์ฒœ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ: ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2016 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ์•ˆํ˜œ์ • | ์„œ์˜ˆ์› | ์œค์ข…ํ˜ | ๊น€์€์˜ | ์—ผํ›„๋‚จ | ๋ฐ•ํ™˜๋ณด | ์ตœ๋™์ฃผ | ๊น€๋ช…์ง„ | ์ด์ •ํ™” ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์› ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ(MDGs)์˜ ์ดํ–‰์ข…๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ํ–ฅํ›„ 2030๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ(SDGs) ์ค‘ ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ธ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ(SDG 4)์˜ ์ „๋žต์  ์‹ค์ฒœ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” โ€œODA ์ง€์† ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ ๏ฝฅํ†ตํ•ฉ์  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ ์ถ”์ง„โ€์„ ๊ตญ์ •๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ , ๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ ์†Œ๋…€๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง์—…/ICT ๊ต์œก์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ 4๋Œ€ ๊ตฌ์ƒ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ต์œก๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ˜‘๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ฃผ์ฒด๋ณ„ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ฐ ์ธ์‹ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  SDG 4์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.  ๋™์–‘์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 18, No. 1) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2023 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊น€ํ˜•๋ ฌ | ๊น€์žฌ์ค‘ | ๊น€๋ณ‘ํ™˜ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์— ๋‚ด์žฌํ•œ ์„œ๊ตฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋™์–‘์‚ฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”์˜ ์ถ”์„ธ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์˜์กด์„ฑ, ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ฑ…์ž„, ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์„ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํญ๋„“์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋“ค์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์–ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๊ตฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์ธ์‹๋ก ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋…ธ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์กด์žฌ๋ก ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹ด๋ก ์—์„œ ํฌ์ฐฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ โ€˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ(other)โ€™ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋™์–‘์˜ ์ „ํ†ต ์ฒ ํ•™์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋™์–‘์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ฃผ์˜์  ์ž์—ฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋™์–‘์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์‹œ์›์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒœํ•˜์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋™์–‘์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒ™๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์‚ถ์˜ ํ„ฐ์ „๊ณผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝํ™”๋œ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋…ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ฒœ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ฑ: ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 17, No. 3) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2022 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ์ตœ์œค์ • | ๊น€์˜ˆ์ง€ | ์œค๋…ธ์•„ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์˜ ์งˆ์  ๋ถ„์„ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ํ˜„์ง ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ฒœ ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ง€์—ญโ€ค์‚ฌํšŒโ€ค๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Gaudelli์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ด๋ก  ๋ฒ”์ฃผํ™” ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ๋„์ถœํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญโ€ค๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ฒœ์€ ์ฝ”์Šค๋ชจํด๋ฆฌํƒ„ ๊ด€์ ์— ํŽธ์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ์–‘์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ž…์‹œโ€ค๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์‹ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ต์œก ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋„๊ตฌํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ, ์ œ๊ตญ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€๋ฐฐ ์ž”์žฌ๋กœ ๋‚จ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ๋‹ด๋ก ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ์™ธ๋ฉด, ์ถ•์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์นจ๋ฌต๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์‹œ๋Œ€์ โ€ค์‚ฌํšŒ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ ์–‘์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์ , ๋น„ํŒ์  ์ฐจ์›์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์‹ค์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ์žํ™œ์‚ฌ์—… ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 18, No. 2) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2023 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊น€๋‚จ์ˆœ | ์œ ๋‚˜์—ฐ | ๋ฐ•๋ฏธ์žฌ | ๋ฐ•ํ™˜๋ณด ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žํ™œ์‚ฌ์—… ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ์†๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋Œ€์˜์‹, ์ •์„œ์  ์นœ๋ฐ€๊ฐ์„ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜์‹์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฐ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด, ์ธ๊ถŒ, ํ‰ํ™”, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€(์ด 7๋ช…)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ S์‹œ์— ์†Œ์žฌํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์žํ™œ์„ผํ„ฐ์˜ ์žํ™œ์‚ฌ์—… ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ ํ›„, ์‹คํ—˜์ง‘๋‹จ(36๋ช…)๊ณผ ํ†ต์ œ์ง‘๋‹จ(27๋ช…)์˜ ์‚ฌ์ „-์‚ฌํ›„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๋ณ€๋Ÿ‰๋ถ„์„(ANCOVA)์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์€ ์žํ™œ์‚ฌ์—… ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜์‹ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žํ™œ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์‹คํ˜„์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ œ์–ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ดํ–‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‹ค์ฒœ๊ณผ์ œ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 19, No. 2) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2024 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊น€์ข…ํ›ˆ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์œ ์—”(UN) SDG 4.7 ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ง€ํ‘œ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜์—ญ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…, ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •, ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ต์œก, ํ•™์ƒํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ 2015๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ดํ–‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , SDG 4.7 ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋”์šฑ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‹ค์ฒœ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น ์ •๋ณด, ๊ต์œก๋ถ€ ๋ฐ 17๊ฐœ ์‹œ๋„๊ต์œก์ฒญ๊ณผ ์œ ๊ด€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฌธ์„œ์™€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์€ 2015๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›์น™๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ…, ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •, ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ต์œก, ํ•™์ƒํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ ์ฐจ ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‹ค์ฒœ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์•ˆ์ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  SDG 4.7์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๋งˆ๋ จ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜ํ‰ํ™”, ์ธ๊ถŒ, ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด, ํ˜‘๋ ฅ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ์ž์œ , ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ๊ถŒ๊ณ โ€™์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‹ค์ฒœ ๊ณผ์ œ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 19, No. 2) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2024 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊น€๋‹ค์› ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2023๋…„ 11์›” ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์ œ42์ฐจ ์ดํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ •๋œ 1974 ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ โ€˜์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑโ€™, โ€˜์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „โ€™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์—”๊ณผ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ๋Š” 1992๋…„ ๋ฆฌ์šฐ ์„ ์–ธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ, 2004๋…„ โ€˜์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก 10๋…„(2005~2014)โ€™ ์ถ”์ง„, 2015๋…„ โ€˜์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 2030 ์–ด์  ๋”โ€™์—์„œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ถ”์ง„ ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๋ชฉํ‘œ(SDGs)๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก์˜ ์‹คํ–‰์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์—์„œ 1974 ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ถŒ๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”, ๋ถ„์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ, ์‹ฌํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ํ‰ํ™”์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1974 ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ, ๋ชฉํ‘œ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ถ„์„์  ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ฅํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Critical Understanding on Shrinkage and Limitation of UKโ€™s Global Citizenship Education in the Era of Brexit (Journal of Education for International Understanding; Vol. 13, No. 2) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: Jinhee Kim ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: Korean Society of Education for International Understanding (KOSEIU) This study aims to analyze the shrinkage and limitation of Global Citizenship Education in the epoch of Brexit. It also attempts to examine a feature of positioning and direction of Global Citizenship Education which is confronted with a sceptical criticism of its' educational impact. In this vein, the major findings and arguments showed the practice and implementation of Global Citizenship Education under the pressure of Brexit faces complicated challenges across Europe including UK, since Brexit highly pursues national centred hegemony and nationalistic bloc. It could hinder the structural restriction of implementing of Global Citizenship Education in UK. Apparently, this study indicated that the phenomenon of Brexit and it's impact is functioning as dynamic learning contents, not for a teaching-learning resource. It has been discussed that Citizens of UK have strived to deal Brexit as a learning experience in life-world. Finally, this study suggests a direction to move forward of Global Citizenship Education in an ever-shrinking world of Brexit.  ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์œ„์ถ•๊ณผ ์ œ์•ฝ ๋ถ„์„: ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 13, No. 2) ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุฑ: 2018 ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู: ๊น€์ง„ํฌ ุงู„ู…ุคู„ู ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณูŠ: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ดํ›„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ, ์–ด ๋–ค ์Ÿ์ ๊ณผ ์ด์Šˆ๋กœ ์œ„์ถ•๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋ธ”๋กํ™”๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต ์œก๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ ์ œ์•ฝ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ ์‚ฌํƒœ๋Š” โ€˜๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจโ€™์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ(text) ๋ฌธ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ถ€๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ•™์Šต ์ฃผ ์ฒด๋กœ์„œ ํƒˆ(่„ซ)์œ ๋Ÿฝํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ ์•ž์— ๋‹น๋„ํ•œ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋ธŒ๋ ‰์‹œํŠธ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ(content) ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.