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包容性儿童早期保育和教育 : 从承诺到行动 سنة النشر: 2023 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO 人生的前一千天对孩子的一生至关重要。优质的儿童早期教育为儿童未来的福祉、发展 和学习奠定坚实的基础, 同时有助于减少和 预防社交及学习困难, 并通过适当的有效干 预,在早期阶段对发育迟缓和残障进行识别。人道主义危机、残障、族裔、性别、母语和 贫困等因素仍然导致许多儿童无法享受早期 教育、保健和保护的权利, 因此国际社会必 须加倍努力, 确保早期保育和教育惠及所有 儿童。在新冠肺炎疫情之前, 大多数国家的 儿童早期服务已经严重不足, 许多对儿童发 展至关重要的服务正在关闭或暂停。 因此, 迫切需要集中精力建立有弹性的儿童早期保 育和教育体系和方案, 以确保在包容、公平 和非歧视的基本原则指导下,为所有儿童(无 论男女)的终身学习奠定坚实的基础。要获得优质的包容性儿童早期保育和教育方 案, 需要制定跨部门政策, 并在政策的制定 中考虑到学习者需求的多样性。这些政策必 须转化为教育实践, 力求满足每个儿童的需 求, 并为专业人员和实践社区提供基础和持 续的培训, 以提高儿童早期保育和教育从业 者的技能。发挥研究在支持和评估这些改革 中的关键作用。最后, 一个强有力和富有成 效的伙伴关系框架对于优化现有资源、推进 儿童早期保育和教育议程并使其更具包容性 至关重要。教科文组织相信, 从儿童早期开 始的包容性教育将有助于建立友好型社区和 包容性社会。基于这一点, 2021 年 1 月, 教科文组织启 动了儿童早期保育和教育全球伙伴关系战 略, 旨在动员各国和合作伙伴实现可持续发 展教育目标 4.2。我们希望本刊物将帮助各国建立一个包容性 儿童早期保育和教育体系, 为每个儿童提供 最佳的机会, 促进社区和社会的包容性和可 持续发展。
The Right to Education: What’s at Stake in Afghanistan?; A 20-Year Review سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO This report takes stock of the achievements in education made by Afghanistan over the past 20 years and sets out immediate action to safeguard the right to education for all learners following deep political change in the country in 2021.Although Afghanistan lags far behind countries across South and West Asia on most development indicators, it has made impressive progress in education over two decades. Enrolment has increased ten-fold, with substantial gains for girls and female literacy. Female teachers have been hired. Steady efforts have been made to expand the school network across the country.The country has ratified key international normative instruments relating to the right to education; enshrined this right in the Constitution and adopted a wide range of policy measures to increase access, improve education quality and reduce gender, socio- economic and rural/urban disparities.But the challenges remain colossal, with half the primary school-aged children not enrolled in school and very low learning outcomes. The country is highly dependent on external aid to sustain its education system. It needs to uphold state obligations on the right to education without any discrimination and continue removing barriers that impede progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal on education to build the country’s future.
Inclusion in Early Childhood Care and Education in High-Income Countries سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: Global Education Monitoring Report Team | UNESCO | Deloitte Access Economics This report reviews the international research and policy literature concerning approaches to inclusion in early childhood care and education (ECCE) in different high-income jurisdictions globally. Each chapter highlights examples of policies and practices which can foster inclusion in ECCE across the themes set out in the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report in 2020.As a critical period for children’s intellectual, emotional, social, physical and moral development, supporting inclusion in ECCE is of particular importance for supporting lifelong learning and equitable opportunities for all children. A number of key messages emerging from this review that are instructive to designing policies to promote inclusion in ECCE are summarised below. Inclusion in ECCE is fostered through complementary universal and targeted approaches to most aspects of ECCE governance, financing, policy and service delivery. The implementation of ECCE laws and policies is key to supporting inclusion. As the central actors delivering ECCE services, collaboration within the ECCE workforce is crucial to supporting a community of practice which leads and shares inclusion, while avoiding risks of specialisation. Finally, while many existing ECCE policies, resources and tools are grounded in a deficits-based approach to understanding need, inclusion may be better supported through an approach which focusses on child learning needs and strengths.
Education at a Glance 2021: OECD Indicator سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: OECD Education at a Glance is the authoritative source for information on the state of education around the world. It provides data on the structure, finances and performance of education systems across OECD countries and a number of partner economies. More than 100 charts and tables in this publication – as well as links to much more available on the educational database – provide key information on the output of educational institutions; the impact of learning across countries; access, participation and progression in education; the financial resources invested in education; and teachers, the learning environment and the organisation of schools.The 2021 edition includes a focus on equity, investigating how progress through education and the associated learning and labour market outcomes are impacted by dimensions such as gender, socio‐economic status, country of birth and regional location. A specific chapter is dedicated to Target 4.5 of the Sustainable Development Goal 4 on equity in education, providing an assessment of where OECD and partner countries stand in providing equal access to quality education at all levels. Two new indicators on the mechanisms and formulas used to allocate public funding to schools and on teacher attrition rate complement this year’s edition.
Regards sur l’éducation 2021: Les indicateurs de l’OCDE سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: OECD Regards sur l’éducation est le rapport de référence sur l’état de l’éducation dans le monde. Ce rapport étudie la structure, le financement et la performance des systèmes d’éducation des pays de l’OCDE et d’un certain nombre de pays partenaires. Avec plus d’une centaine de tableaux et graphiques – et de nombreux liens vers la base de données de l’OCDE sur l’éducation – Regards sur l’éducation foisonne d’informations sur les résultats des établissements d’enseignement ; l’impact de l’apprentissage ; l’accès à l’éducation, les taux de scolarisation et les parcours scolaires ; les investissements dans l’éducation ; et les enseignants, l’environnement d’apprentissage et l’organisation de l’enseignement.L’édition 2021 s’intéresse à la question de l’équité : elle étudie dans quelle mesure le sexe, le milieu socio-économique, le pays d’origine ou encore la situation géographique influencent le parcours éducatif des élèves et étudiants, et ont un impact sur les résultats en termes d’apprentissage et d’emploi. Un chapitre spécifique est consacré à la cible 4.5 de l’objectif de développement durable 4 sur l’équité dans l’éducation. Il situe les pays membres et partenaires de l’OCDE par rapport aux objectifs en matière d’égalité d’accès à une éducation de qualité à tous les niveaux d’enseignement. Deux nouveaux indicateurs sur les mécanismes et les formules utilisés pour allouer les fonds publics aux établissements et sur le taux d’attrition des enseignants complètent l’édition 2021.
The Media: Operation Decontamination (The UNESCO Courier no. 2; July-September 2017) سنة النشر: 2017 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO The plurality of enlightened opinions is a prerequisite of the democratic development of our societies. The quality of the information disseminated by the media – traditional or new – is decisive when it comes to shaping public opinion. This is why UNESCO puts special emphasis on education about media and information, which it considers a fundamental skill for citizens in the twenty-first century.Freedom of expression and the free movement of ideas by words and images are among the constitutive principles of UNESCO and at the core of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. UNESCO supports the work of dedicated journalists and activists who defend fundamental freedoms, like the journalist Dawit Isaak, winner of the 2017 UNESCO/ Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize, whose story appears in this issue of the UNESCO Courier.Over the last decade, more than 800 journalists have been victims of crimes aimed at muzzling freedom of expression. Only one murder out of ten ended with a conviction. This impunity is unacceptable and further fuels the spiral of violence in the future. This is why UNESCO is committed to putting an end to these crimes against the press, on all continents, as an indispensable condition for peaceful societies that are all the more robust for being better informed.In this “post-truth” era, the role of UNESCO is more important than ever, and this issue of the Courier is a wonderful opportunity to renew our founding commitment to support information and communication to build peace in the minds of men and women.
Médias: Opération décontamination (Le Courrier de l'UNESCO no. 2; Juillet-Septembre 2017) سنة النشر: 2017 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO La pluralité d’opinions éclairées est une condition sine qua non du développement démocratique de nos sociétés. La qualité des informations diffusées par les médias – traditionnels et nouveaux – est déterminante dans la formation de l’opinion publique. C’est pourquoi l’UNESCO met un accent tout particulier à l’éducation aux médias et à l’information qu’elle considère comme une compétence citoyenne fondamentale du XXIe siècle.La liberté d’expression et la libre circulation des idées par les mots et l’image font partie des principes constitutifs de l’UNESCO et sont au cœur de l’Agenda 2030 pour le développement durable. L’UNESCO soutient le travail des journalistes et militants déterminés qui défendent ces libertés fondamentales, comme le journaliste Dawit Isaak, lauréat du Prix mondial de la liberté de la presse UNESCO/Guillermo Cano 2017, dont on peut découvrir le portrait dans ce numéro du Courrier de l’UNESCO.Au cours de cette dernière décennie, plus de 800 professionnels des médias ont été victimes de crimes visant à museler la libre expression. Seul un meurtre sur dix a donné lieu à un jugement. Cette impunité est inacceptable et alimente encore la spirale de la violence dans le futur. C’est pourquoi l’UNESCO s’engage de toutes ses forces pour y mettre un terme, sur tous les continents, comme une condition indispensable de sociétés pacifiques et d’autant plus robustes qu’elles sont mieux informées.À l’ère de la « post-vérité », le rôle de l’UNESCO est plus important que jamais, et ce nouveau numéro du Courrier est une belle occasion de renouveler notre engagement fondateur à soutenir l’information et la communication pour construire la paix dans l’esprit des hommes et des femmes.
When Schools Shut: Gendered Impacts of COVID-19 School Closures سنة النشر: 2021 المؤلف المؤسسي: UNESCO School closures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 have caused unprecedented disruption for nearly 1.6 billion learners across the globe. Beyond alarming effects on learning loss and school dropout, they pose an immediate and long-term threat to gender equality, with gender-specific effects on health, well-being and protection. This publication exposes these impacts and calls for effective strategies to ensure education continuity, promote gender equality and improve lives and futures. Through a review of published research, a global survey of actions taken by organizations in favour of gender equality in education, and in-depth data collection in five countries, UNESCO and its partners underline the challenges faced by children and young people to continue learning, and to return to school safely. When schools shut also showcases the efforts made by governments and the international community to mitigate harm and safeguard progress towards gender equality in and through education. While it is too soon to grasp the full scope of the impact of school closures, the publication sets out early evidence from across different contexts globally on how girls and boys have been participating in remote learning, planning for the return to school, and coping with mental and physical health challenges during the closures. It is a call to governments and their partners to put gender at the centre of education recovery to tackle declining participation and low return-to-school rates. When schools shut is a timely reminder that schools are essential sites not only for learning, but also lifelines when it comes to health, well-being and protection of all learners. 