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Experience and Project: Dewey thought Translated into Pedagogical Action Year of publication: 2016 Author: Marc Boutet Corporate author: Phronesis John Dewey talks about child as an «agency of doing» which, by its action, strives to create meaning. From this view, Dewey offers new teaching principles focusing on learning in a context of free activity rather than in a context of restrictive discipline. The child is no longer just invited to represent the phenomenon to understand, it is somehow invited to meet it, to experience it, experience being defined as a transaction between the human being and physical and social environment. Dewey also said that the lack of continuity in the experience marks the beginning of the learning process, he called inquiry, no longer described as essentially individualistic, which bases his epistemic perception of democracy. After briefly describing our meeting with Dewey’s educational thought, we will try to establish, from his conception of action, inquiry and democracy, how his thought can be considered as a foundation for a major innovation educational innovation symbolizing education reform in Quebec of the 2000s: the project approach. 
Education for Sustainable Development or Sustainable Development in Teaching History and Geography: Sociopolitical Issues and School Discipline Year of publication: 2013 Author: Nicole Tutiaux-Guillon Corporate author: Phronesis «Sustainable development» (SD) is in France since 2004 is a transdisciplinary and binding «education to» and is also the theme structuring the fifth degree program since 2008, and is included in other programs. These requirements are unevenly convergent and are encounter to structure of already built diciplines at the same time as the lack of stabilised reference-knowledge. How is the educational dimension (attitudes, values) articulated to disciplinary content ? What about the place given to political issues of SD? Education in SD as constitutive of a discipline isn’t at the expense of educational dimensions explicit or is it modify disciplinary model of history and geography? An empirical search provides tentative answers. The forms of work chosen by the teachers ranged from classical disciplinary practice and testing of trans / multidisciplinary between incitement to questioning and reflection and transmission of factual and impartial knowledge entrecomplexité and simplification. Behavior change is always assumed result of knowledge - sometimes educational activities. The textbooks reflect the same hesitation and are situated between neutralization / disciplinarisation of SD issues and explicitation of discussion and conflicts / implicante posture. The educational dimension and especially the question of political strongly divided the teachers. 
Teachers of History and the History and Citizenship Education Program: From the Transmission of a Memory to an Open and Subjective Citizenship Year of publication: 2013 Author: Louis LeVasseur | Sabrina Moisan | Jean-François Cardin Corporate author: Phronesis The current program «History and Citizenship Education» for the second cycle of secondary education, on the Quebec history, raised many comments in intellectual circles because of its content since 2006. Some argue that the transmission of major historical events that shape the collective or national memory is non-existent, others argue that it should promote the development of critical thinking and citizenship skills, thus the autonomy of the student facing the memory collective or national. What position secondary teachers do they have in this debate? It’s findable out through the teachers perceptions about program and its three skills.