Resources
Explore a wide range of valuable resources on GCED to deepen your understanding and enhance your research, advocacy, teaching, and learning.
16 Results found
Evaluating the Link between Conflict and Education Year of publication: 2005 Author: Lynn Davies Corporate author: SAGE Publishing This paper examines two areas of important evaluation: the impact of education on peace and the impact of education on conflict, and argues that they are not necessarily the same type of evaluation. 
Education in the twenty‐first century: Conflict, reconstruction and reconciliation1 Year of publication: 2005 Author: Alan Smith Corporate author: Taylor & Francis This paper is an attempt to map out an emerging and increasingly important field of study concerning the relationship between education and conflict. The paper argues that actions through various ‘entry points’ at each of these levels carry the potential to exacerbate or ameliorate conflict and suggests that a systemic analysis of investments in education systems from a conflict perspective should be a routine part of educational planning. 
Case Study - Pakistan: Education, Religion and Conflict Year of publication: 2015 Author: Raza Rumi Corporate author: Tony Blair Faith Foundation | McGill University Pakistan is in the midst of crisis. It is threatened by virulent extremist groups and is suffering from a failing education system that is poorly funded and politically manipulated. It promulgates an undefined Islamo-nationalist ideology that lays the foundations for widespread acceptance of ideologically motivated violence. Reforms to the curriculum have been legislated but are badly implemented by the country's politicians; the international community has largely turned a blind eye to these shortcomings. Unless aid and advocacy are specifically focused on far-reaching educational reform that directly tackles extremism, the long-term consequences will be extremely severe. 
Global Security, Religion and Education Development: a Crisis for the Field of Comparative Education? Year of publication: 2011 Author: Yusuf Sayed | Lynn Davies | Mike Hardy | Abbas Madandar Arani | Lida Kakia | Masooda Bano Corporate author: Taylor & Francis Building common ground on shared values should be a high priority for a diverse and devout society in an era of religious conflict. Otherwise we might fall into the equally false and far more dangerous illusion that we agree on nothing at all – and perhaps we tend to assume that education helps to do this, which is not necessarily the case. There is a greater concern that education is not just failing to step up effectively to the task of contesting undifferentiated and negative views of religions, but that it might not always be a force for good at all. It may in some cases help reinforce difference and create the conditions for conflict.The relationship, therefore, between religious difference, security and the assumed supportive role of education is far from a simple one. 
Terrorist Attacks on Educational Institutions Year of publication: 2014 Author: Erin Miller Corporate author: National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) | Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology The report describes historical patterns of terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions dating back to 1970. Since that year, more than 3,400 terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions took place in 110 countries. These attacks comprised 2.7 percent of all terrorist attacks worldwide during this time period. 
Global Citizenship: A plural and Transformative Vision of Society and School; Volume Ⅰ Year of publication: 2020 Author: Rafael Díaz-Salazar | Alfonso Díez Prieto | Antonio Roura | Augusto Ibáñez | Begoña Carmona | Carme García Yeste | Carmen Magallón | César García-Rincón | Florencio Luengo | Gema Celorio | Gonzalo Fanjul | Juan Iglesias | Juan Pablo Rayo | Luis González Reyes | Manuela Mesa | María Laín | Mónica Cantón de Celis | Pedro Sáez | Pilar Álvarez Cifuentes | Rafael Feito | Regina Gairal | Santiago Álvarez Cantalapiedra | Victoria Camps | Violeta Velasco | Yayo Herrero Corporate author: SM Foundation The objective of this work, which brings together the voices of great specialists, reinforced by the vision of the school itself, is to promote and channel the debate on global citizenship towards an education oriented to the care of the person, society and nature. Understood in this way, education for global citizenship can help us form fulfilled people, prepared to intervene positively in a world in continuous change, and capable of adopting a sustainable way of life for ourselves, those around us and those who will succeed us. Fearful symmetry: Palestinian and Jewish teachers confront contested narratives in integrated bilingual education The present paper deals with Jewish and Palestinian teachers who work in an integrated school in Israel, and shows the challenges and possibilities by examining these teachers' powerful historical narratives in the context of in-service training sessions. It is shown how these teachers essentially remain firmly rooted in the hegemonic historical narratives of their own community, even when their attitudes are challenged and clearer alternatives are considered to the reigning narratives. The findings highlight predominantly the failures, concerning the potential of educational efforts to help overcome situations of intractable conflict, even within contexts specifically devised for this purpose; yet, some openings also become apparent in the process of negotiating competing narratives and inventing new dialogic possibilities. The paper suggests that schools with their historical tradition are places where it is difficult to reach change or to produce it—even in integrated schools in which partial structural change takes place—and teacher training may not always be the answer. However, it also indicates that an ongoing agonistics of raising critical issues regarding one's identifications with hegemonic narratives does offer openings to take responsibility for both the challenges and the dialogic possibilities that are created in the process. 
Thinkpiece on education and conflict Year of publication: 2009 Author: Lynn Davies Corporate author: UNESCO This paper looks first at the learning sites generally (violent schools, schools as a weapon of war, curriculum and textbooks). It then focuses on specific groups in conflict – gender, language, refugees, child soldiers. Thirdly it discusses education policy and donor intervention; and finally talks of the role of research. All these overlap hugely. This is not a prescription for how the Global Monitoring Report should be structured, but identification of themes and lessons learned that seem the most significant. 
The Influence of education on conflict and peace building Year of publication: 2010 Author: Alan Smith Corporate author: UNESCO The purpose of this paper is to identify aspects of education that may have a positive influence on the dynamics of conflict or make a contribution to peacebuilding. The UN Secretary-General’s (2009) report on peacebuilding identifies a number of recurring priorities in conflict-affected situations, ‘establishing security, building confidence in a political process, delivering initial peace dividends and expanding core national capacity’. These priorities include ‘the provision of basic services, such as water and sanitation, health and primary education’. However, in conflict-affected situations education is also about more than service delivery because it is a means of socialization and identity development through the transmission of knowledge, skills, values and attitudes across generations. Education may therefore be a driver of conflict (fuelling grievances, stereotypes, xenophobia and other antagonisms), but can also be a way of contributing to ‘conflict transformation’ and ‘peacebuilding’. 
Education for conflict prevention and peacebuilding: meeting the global challenges of the 21st century Year of publication: 2012 Author: Phyllis Kotite Corporate author: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) The 21st century is witnessing global concern over the interrelated effects of climate change, the economic crisis, energy depletion, food and water shortages, natural disasters and conflicts all of which have devastating effects on humanity and the future of the planet. These events impact education systems and can impair the ability of governments to provide quality education for their citizens. However, when governments and ministries of education analyse and anticipate the risk of such events through careful planning, education can play an important role in preventing violent conflict, and in supporting peacebuilding efforts. An estimated 1.5 billion people live in countries affected by repeated cycles of political and other forms of violence, and the same population is often affected by hunger and poverty. Furthermore, such countries have difficulty meeting development goals. For example, no low-income fragile or conflict-affected country has yet achieved a single MDG (World Bank, 2011). In 2010 world military expenditures reached US$1.6 trillion as a result of fifteen ongoing conflicts (SIPRI, 2011). Yet, it is estimated that only US$16 billion is needed to fill the education gap to reach the EFA goals (UNESCO, 2011b: 11). This paper argues that we have the knowledge, legal instruments and mechanisms to prevent conflict and to transfer resources to sustainable development and education to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The paper describes a range of conflict prevention initiatives and examines the role of policy-makers, youth, women, and the media in maintaining and restoring peace as part of a holistic vision of education. International institutions, governments and civil society are increasingly developing conflict prevention mechanisms and utilizing political and economic incentives to avoid conflicts. They are also creating new technology for sustainable development, adaptation to climate change and renewable forms of energy. Educational planning must therefore go beyond traditional mechanisms. It must take into consideration the unpredictable nature of our times; be flexible and rapid in implementation and responsive to local needs. Training and research in sustainable development; and skills for peaceful inter-human relations, good governance, the prevention of conflict and peacebuilding are priorities elaborated in the paper. In addition, specific recommendations are highlighted such as: capacity development for conflict prevention within the education sector and other ministries, analysing the root causes of conflict and the role that education can play in mitigating tensions. This paper is an elaboration of Chapter 1.2 of the IIEP-UNESCO Guidebook for Planning Education in Emergencies and Reconstruction (IIEP-UNESCO, 2010). A brief treatment of additional global challenges (e.g. water scarcity, food insufficiency, energy depletion and economic instability), which are beyond the educational focus of this paper, may be found in Annex I.