Resources
Explore a wide range of valuable resources on GCED to deepen your understanding and enhance your research, advocacy, teaching, and learning.
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Measurement of global citizenship education Year of publication: 2013 Author: Vegard Skirbekk | Michaela Potančoková | Marcin Stonawski Corporate author: UNESCO In this study we provide an overview of Global Citizenship Education, focusing on definitions, methodological advances and data. We present an assessment of some of the existing initiatives for the measurement Global Citizenship Education, and make suggestions for how to move towards a globally consistent measure. Although there is some disagreement over how to measure global citizenship and global citizenship education, we also find consensus on parts of the concept. We are proposing to construct a composite indicator consisting of three complementary levels – the societal level (e.g., the level of democracy; macro level indicators of openness), the supplier level (e.g., provision of education; availability of training relevant for global citizenship); and the receiver level (civic identity, values, skills and knowledge). We conclude that one potential cost-effective approach could be to integrate evidence from several nationally representative surveys, providing us with world-wide coverage. We also discuss the feasibility and benefits of this measurement approach as well as its challenges. 
Terrorist Attacks on Educational Institutions Year of publication: 2014 Author: Erin Miller Corporate author: National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) | Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology The report describes historical patterns of terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions dating back to 1970. Since that year, more than 3,400 terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions took place in 110 countries. These attacks comprised 2.7 percent of all terrorist attacks worldwide during this time period. 
Regional overview: Latin America and the Caribbean Year of publication: 2011 Corporate author: UNESCO The past decade has seen mixed progress towards Education for All (EFA) in Latin America and the Caribbean. More children are participating in pre-school education, many countries have achieved universal primary education and more students are moving from primary to secondary education. Gender parity has been achieved at the primary level in the majority of countries and adult literacy rates are improving. The region invests a relatively high share of national income in education and external aid to basic education has increased in recent years. However, challenges remain. The Caribbean has seen a decline by nearly one-tenth in primary enrolment ratios and 2.9 million children were not enrolled in school in the region as a whole in 2008. Some 36 million adults are still illiterate and levels of learning achievement are low in many countries. The 2011 EFA Global Monitoring Report puts the spotlight on armed conflict and one of its most damaging yet least reported consequences: its impact on education. Conflict-affected states have some of the world’s worst indicators for education. The Report documents the scale of this hidden crisis in education, looks at its underlying causes and explores the links between armed conflict and education. It also presents recommendations to address identified failures that contribute to the hidden crisis. It calls on governments to demonstrate greater resolve in combating the culture of impunity surrounding attacks on schoolchildren and schools, sets out an agenda for fixing the international aid architecture and identifies strategies for strengthening the role of education in peacebuilding. 
Monitoring education for global citizenship: a contribution to debate Year of publication: 2015 Author: Harm-Jan Fricke | Cathryn Gathercole | Amy Skinner Corporate author: DEEEP | CONCORD DARE Forum 1. This report aims to provide a stimulus for further thought, work and debate in the design of assessment frameworks for an education that supports people in leading fulfilling lives in a changing, globalised world, and in particular within the context of debates around post-2015 universal targets and indicators that are relevant to an education for global citizenship (EfGC). 2. In providing that stimulus the report addresses the following questions: a. What are the key differences and similarities between diverse forms of ‘adjectival educations’ that contribute to, or generally express themselves as allied to an ‘education for global citizenship’? b. What do they contribute to an education for global citizenship? c. How, if at all, do they interpret the notion of ‘transformation’? d. What do practitioners consider to be the major challenges and opportunities for monitoring (transformative) education for global citizenship? e. Which approaches and means of monitoring and assessing transformative education for global citizenship appear to be feasible? 3. The report is based on information obtained from: a. Literature reviews; b. Workshops, involving 65 educators in total, held in Brazil, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and three locations in Europe; c. Responses to a questionnaire completed by 218 educators working in more than 50 countries, albeit with a predominance of respondents based in Europe. 4. The origins and key characteristics of development education, global education and global learning, human rights education, and education for sustainable development are explored, leading to statements about their commonalities and contributions to an education for global citizenship. These commonalties appear to be particularly in the areas of their shared global orientation, pursuit of personal and/or societal transformation, active and enquiry based teaching and learning methodologies, and overlapping content. 5. The commonalities which the discussed educations contribute to - and share with – education for global citizenship appear to be particularly around: a. values and dispositions which enable a response to, and advocacy for, change, b. engagement with diverse ideas, opinions and understandings, c. a stimulus to investigate and develop creativity by means of learning, d. building skills and capacities as part of a process of lifelong learning, e. a generic educational approach that aims at involvement in an explicit process of change. 6. Within such a context differences appear amongst practitioners and theoreticians in the use, meaning and function of the term ‘global citizenship’, with some seeing it primarily as a tool in advocacy while others view it primarily as a means of explanation of human relations globally. 7. Critique on the usefulness and use of the terms ‘global citizenship’ is outlined and the world-wide, universal, use of the term ‘education for global citizenship’ is questioned. However, its intentions as an approach of transformative education for critical and active engagement in a globalised society are seen as having universal relevance. 8. That approach is described as “a learning process for people’s critical and active engagement in and with global society, involving people in developing their capacities, capabilities and motivation to be actively engaged in personal and collective human development. It does this by drawing on a critical understanding and consideration of global processes and interdependencies, of other people’s perspectives and interests, of environmental opportunities and limitations, and of universal rights.” 9. The approach is further defined by a number of ‘core signifiers’ (which can form the basis for indicators of achievement) relating to: a. pedagogy – characteristics of the teaching process, b. capacities and capabilities – regarding the learner’s competence, c. values – as exhibited in the teaching and learning process, d. content – the learner’s acquisition of core understandings, e. outcome – regarding the learner’s dispositions, f. social transformation – regarding the learner’s contributions to community and wider society. 10. The report continues by providing a summary review of selected literature regarding the design of monitoring frameworks that appear pertinent to an education for global citizenship. It discusses work done in relation to universal targets and indicators, country based frameworks, education institutional monitoring, educator competence, and learner outcomes. It draws particular attention to the importance of quality assessment, the need to involve the range of education stakeholders in the design, application and interpretation of indicators, and the need to enable learning from experiences. 11. Further information about the challenges and opportunities for monitoring education for global citizenship is obtained from ideas and opinions given by workshop participants and questionnaire respondents. Respondents recognise that developing a universal monitoring framework can help to clarify the purpose and meaning of EfGC for both practitioners and policy makers. However, they also recognise that there is a risk that agreement might be reached around a lowest common denominator approach. The importance of participation by practitioners in, and their ownership of, the monitoring content and process is highlighted. The potential uses of monitoring data and analyses in demonstrating the impact of EfGC on broader cross-curricular outcomes and educational achievements, is seen by respondents as a means to gain further recognition of the value of EfGC. 12. Based on the foregoing, the final chapter of the report provides a number of suggestions as a stimulus for further work, thought and debate. These suggestions focus on: a. a monitoring framework that addresses the holistic nature of EfGC; b. an assessment framework to do with learning outcomes that exemplify the core signifiers mentioned in paragraph 9 above; c. indicators and a monitoring approach that is applicable at national levels, enabling monitoring of progress for specific sectoral aspects of EfGC (teacher education is given as an example of such a sectoral aspect); d. a universal target that builds on the description of EfGC given in paragraph 8 above; e. indicator groupings that can show progress against such a universal target. Asia-Pacific guidelines for the development of national ESD indicators Year of publication: 2007 Author: Daniella Tilbury | Sonja Janousek | Derek Elias | Joel Bacha Corporate author: UNESCO Bangkok UNESCO Bangkok, with assistance from the Commission on Education and Communication (CEC) of the World Conservation Union (IUCN) in conjunction with Macquarie University in Australia, implemented a project to assist with the important task of monitoring and assessing progress during the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD). This process has been funded by the generous contribution of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology under the Japanese Funds-In-Trust for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). The DESD provides an important opportunity to enhance the profile of ESD in both formal and informal learning spaces which in turn assists UNESCO Member States with the transformation into sustainable societies. Efforts to promote and integrate ESD at all levels will be key to advancing the reach of the Decade.Responding to the DESD International Implementation Scheme’s (IIS) recommendation to develop indicators (see Appendix 1), the Asia-Pacific DESD Indicators Project commenced in March 2006. The first stage of the project has resulted in the publication of this Guidelines document which assists UNESCO Member States in the Asia-Pacific region with the development of ESD indicators and monitoring systems at the national level.The document is intended to provide an important practical resource for UNESCO National Commissions, in addition to other stakeholders, in the area of ESD indicator development. By outlining how to develop national ESD indicators, the Guidelines offers an effective way of building knowledge and increasing ownership of the Decade among stakeholders. Rather than deliver a pre-packaged set of ESD indicators, this document provides countries with a foundation for developing indicators that are relevant to their national contexts.The objectives of the Guidelines are:• To assist with understanding the nature of ESD indicators and the different approaches for their use;• To identify the different types of ESD indicators and what they may reveal about progress;• To identify important sources, methods and planning tools for both data collection and reporting;• To encourage UNESCO Member States in the Asia-Pacific region to work collaboratively, share experiences and learn about meaningful monitoring and assessment during and beyond the DESD; and• To build national capacity to develop ESD indicators and ESD data collection mechanisms at the national level Philippine Education for All 2015 review report Year of publication: 2015 A country's vision of inclusive growth and development entails investment in human capital, particularly through the provision of quality basic education, competitive technical vocational skills training, and relevant and responsive higher education as stated in the Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016. The current administration has placed a high regard for education and has pushed for educational reforms that promote inclusive education especially for the marginalized. Education, being the priority of the government, has produced active public-private partnerhsips over the years both at the national and the school levels. The fruits of the past and the current EFA-related programs and projects resulted in increased performance of the country in most of the EFA indicators. However, at this time, which require greater efforts to accelerate and reach national EFA targets by 2015. Educação 2030 Declaração de Incheon Rumo a uma educação de qualidade inclusiva e equitativa e à educação ao longo da vida para todos Year of publication: 2016 Corporate author: UNESCO | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | United Nations Populations Fund (UNFPA) | UN. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) | United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) This framework — painstakingly drafted over many months with input from governments, international agencies, civil society and experts — provides guidance for implementing the education commitments made in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at a national, regional and global level. In particular: it aims at mobilizing all countries and partners around Sustainable Education Goal 4 and its targets; it proposes ways of implementing, coordinating, financing and monitoring the new commitments; and it proposes indicative strategies which countries may wish to draw upon in developing their plans, taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national policies and priorities. 
Beyond 2015: the education we want Year of publication: 2014 Corporate author: UNESCO | United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) The post-2015 education agenda should be aspirational, transformative and holistic, and an integral part of the broader post-2015 development agenda. It should be of universal relevance and mobilize all stakeholders in all countries. Education must be a stand-alone goal in the broader post-2015 development agenda and should be framed by a comprehensive overarching goal, with measurable global targets and related indicators. In addition, education must be integrated into other development goals. The future education agenda should be rights-based and reflect a perspective based on equity and inclusion, with particular attention to gender equality and to overcoming all forms of discrimination in and through education, ensuring that no-one is left behind. It must support free and compulsory basic education.It should expand the vision of access for all to reflect relevant learning outcomes through the provision of quality education at all levels, from early childhood to higher education, in safe and healthy environments. It should take a holistic and lifelong learning approach, and provide multiple pathways of learning using innovative methods and information and communication technologies. It should reinforce approaches such as global citizenship education and education for sustainable development, which foster attitudes and behaviours that promote peace, conflict resolution and mutual understanding, tolerance, critical thinking, and respect for cultural diversity and for the environment.