Resources
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Ocean Literacy for All: A Toolkit (IOC Manuals and Guides, 80) Year of publication: 2017 Author: Francesca Santoro | Selvaggia Santin | Gail Scowcroft | Géraldine Fauville | Peter Tuddenham Corporate author: UNESCO Venice Ocean literacy programs and projects, until now, have been mainly focusing on developing resources, lesson plans and activities targeting Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Currently, and in particular after the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, we have assisted to a shift in the focus towards the inclusion of approaches closer to those developed under the UNESCO framework of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD).ESD aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in all social contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviors needed for sustainable development. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainable world. This publication is made of two parts. The first part presents the history of ocean literacy, and describes its framework made of 7 essential principles, and connects them to international ocean science programs that contributes to enhancing ocean knowledge and observations. Moreover, marine scientists and educators were interviewed to share their professional experiences on ocean literacy as well as their views on its future. The last chapter of part 1 describes the existing challenges to marine education, as well as the path for the development of successful ocean literacy activities in the context of the 2030 Agenda. One of the most important factors identified is related to the creation of multi-sector partnerships among the education, government, and private sector that have jointly built ocean literacy programs for all formal educational levels from the primary school to the university level as well as for non-formal learners. Worldwide examples of such programs are presented. The second part, after introducing the methodological approach based on the multi-perspective framework for ESD developed by UNESCO, presents 14 activities that could provide tested examples and support for the implementation of marine education initiatives. The aim is not to provide a one size-fits-all ready to use collection, but rather to offer support and examples of what could be then adapted for different geographical and cultural contexts. The resources are designed to be relevant for all learners of all ages worldwide and to find their application in many learning settings, while in their concrete implementation they will, naturally, have to be adapted to the national or local context. 
The necessity of darkness. The pedagogic imperative to teach about the death camps How much knowledge about the Holocaust is too much for students? How early is too early to begin to teach about the event? How do we find the correct balance between teaching about the atrocities and teaching about Jewish agency? The Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration debate these and other pedagogical questions in these pages. (By the publisher) 
The duty to remember: Holocaust remembrance and education in contemporary France Though the decades following the liberation of France in 1944 were characterized by myths and repressions, since the 1970s historians, filmmakers, educators, the general public, and government officials have made considerable efforts to reconcile the dark aspects of France's history and to integrate them into French memory and national history. As Vichy's involvement in the perpetration of the Holocaust moved from the periphery into the mainstream of French consciousness, so did Holocaust remembrance and education. Though for several decades these initiatives appear to have provided a symbolic protection against anti-Semitic acts, the 21st century has been marked by a resurgence of anti-Semitic incidents in France. This paper explores the evolution of France's memory of Vichy's anti-Semitism, the measures taken to incorporate Holocaust remembrance and education into national memory and history, and the reasons why these measures no longer appear to have the same effect in contemporary France. (By the author) Complicating Issues in Holocaust Education Confronting the Holocaust in a classroom setting involves a complex undertaking that demands careful planning as educators develop and present curricula on the subject to their students. This article explores another problematic factor involved in teaching the Shoah, that is, several issues that exist outside the content/pedagogical framework but that nonetheless may exert a major influence on the teaching of the subject. These issues affect the environment that surrounds Holocaust education and, therefore, can have a considerable impact on the teaching of the subject. (By the author) 
Action for Climate Empowerment: Guidelines for Accelerating Solutions through Education, Training and Public Awareness Year of publication: 2016 Author: Leslie Paas Corporate author: UNESCO | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat (UNFCCC) Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE) is the popular term adopted by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for its Article 6, pertaining to education, training, public awareness, access to information and participation, and international cooperation.Country-driven implementation of these interrelated elements is increasingly recognized as crucial for meeting the objectives of the Convention, and for achieving sustainable development in general.This publication is designed to help national decision-makers better understand the components of ACE and how they can be bolstered by the principles and methods of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). It also aims to provide guidance on engaging with a wide variety of stakeholders, establishing cross-sector partnerships, and mobilizing technical and financial support for ACE implementation. 
Meeting a moral imperative. A rationale for teaching the Holocaust A primary rationale for studying the Holocaust (Shoah) involves the opportunity to consider the moral implications that can be drawn from examining the event. Studying the Shoah forces students to consider what it means to be human and humane by examining the full continuum of individual behavior, from ultimate evil to ultimate good. This article discusses several implications involved in studying the event, while proposing that a moral imperative exists for the presence of Holocaust education in contemporary classrooms. (By the publisher) Holocaust education: An investigation into the types of learning that take place when students encounter the Holocaust This study employs qualitative methods to investigate the types of learning that occurred when students in a single school encountered the Holocaust. The study explored the experiences of 48 students, together with two of their teachers and a Holocaust survivor who visited the school annually to talk to the students. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify prevalent similarities in the students’ responses. Three themes were identified, analysed and discussed. The three themes were: ‘surface level learning’ (their academic knowledge and understanding of the Holocaust), ‘affective learning’ (their emotional engagement with the topic) and ‘connective learning’ (how their encounter with the Holocaust fitted their developing worldview). The first theme revealed that students had a generally sound knowledge of the Holocaust, but there were discrepancies in the specifics of their knowledge. The second theme revealed that learning about the Holocaust had been an emotionally traumatic and complicated process. It also revealed that meeting a Holocaust survivor had a significant impact upon the students, but made them begin to question the provenance of different sources of Holocaust learning. The third theme showed that students had difficulty connecting the Holocaust with modern events and made flawed connections between the two. Finally, the study examines the views of the Holocaust survivor in terms of his intentions and his reasons for giving his testimony in schools. The study’s conclusions are drawn within the context of proposing a new conceptualization of the Holocaust as a ‘contested space’ in history and in collective memory. A tripartite approach to Holocaust Education is suggested to affect high quality teaching within the ‘contested space’ of the event. (By the author) Holocaust education: challenges for the future The theme of the 2012 Ethel LeFrak Holocaust Education Conference was Holocaust Education: Challenges for the future. Its purpose was to bring together well-known scholars who could share with conference participants their research and reflections about what the Holocaust has to teach students about the dangers of dictatorship and apathy in the face of prejudice. Its purpose also was to inform participants about the 1994 genocide in Rwanda so that teachers also can incorporate teaching about the terrible event into their curricula. The essays in this book are intended to educate and encourage students and others who may be in situations to see, judge, and act on behalf of those whose lives are in danger. Studying about the Holocaust should encourage the people to help others in need. (By the USHMM) Dialogue and transformation in Holocaust education? Reweaving the tapestry of experience, research and practice. This article draws upon Habermas's three human interests to discuss different goals in Holocaust education research, namely the technical/instrumental interest in changing others' racist views, the communicative interest in understanding how such views make sense to others from their own perspective through dialogue, and the emancipatory interest in self-knowledge through which the researcher can uncover both implicit values about how things should be and implicit, and perhaps even subconscious theories of how things work. Achieving greater clarity about these implicit normative and empirical foundations of researchers' design decisions and interpretations has several positive outcomes: first, it enhances subjectivity, positionality and transparency in a field that is often highly personal for its participants; second, it enables the field to deliberate about the ethical dimensions of the work, while making theories about how things work explicit opens them up for critical examination; third, it has heuristic value, sharing ways of thinking, meaningful narratives and metaphors that may enhance Habermas's second, communicative interest in understanding. In practice, Habermas's three interests are not cleanly differentiated in Holocaust education research and practice, but are interconnected. This article focuses upon the emancipatory interest by exploring the interrelationships between experience and inquiry, or more specifically, how the author's encounter with tragedy shaped an evolving research agenda in Holocaust education. It revealed a set of implicit theories and commitments that, once unearthed and made explicit, are available for reflection and critique. It also clarified the ethical and empirical grounds for certain theories and commitments. (By the publisher) Developing reflective citizens: The role of Holocaust education In what way can we best conceptualize the relationship of Holocaust education to the broader goal of developing reflective citizens? Keeping in mind the diversity of our audience while simultaneously recognizing the traditions of social studies education in the United States, the author argues that Holocaust education should be integrated within the rationale of educating young people to reflect upon issues that have direct relationships to (1) the development of values and (2) the fostering of behaviours emphasizing social responsibility. In short, Holocaust education ‒ meaning the design of curricula, creation of pedagogical strategies and evaluation of student performance ‒ can be a critical component in developing a citizenry who are capable of addressing global problems such as human rights violations and genocide by employing a reflective understanding of history and its relationships to present and future policies and practices, irrespective of national boundaries (By the author)