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Pathways to Empowerment: Recognizing the Competences of Syrian Refugees in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey Year of publication: 2018 Author: Madhu Singh Corporate author: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning(UIL) For Syrian refugees living in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey, recognition is a transformative mechanism that can help them enter or re-enter education, integrate into the world of work and participate fully in their host communities. However, while policy-makers in the region have prioritized the recognition, validation and accreditation of non-formal and informal learning, it remains a major challenge to develop systems that do this effectively. Pathways to Empowerment lays the essential groundwork for such a system, urging governments to develop comprehensive national strategies rather than ad hoc projects to recognize the competences of Syrian refugees. Its recommendations will contribute to dialogue between national authorities and social partners, and guide policy actions and RVA practices both in the region and in other parts of the world where recognition of refugees’ learning is a critical issue. PREVENT: creating “radicals” to strengthen anti-Muslim narratives Year of publication: 2015 Author: Asim Qureshi Corporate author: Critical Studies on Terrorism The use of de-radicalization narratives in schools, universities and hospitals has led to the criminalization of large sections of the various Muslim communities in the UK. Based on different experiences we hope to present a view of how an aggressive anti-Muslim narrative that is based on assumptions subverts the political expression/identity of individuals by turning them into potential threats.  By understanding the everyday interactions with PREVENT, a picture can be formed of the way that a false presentation of narratives can lead to a person becoming an “extremist” or “terrorist”, while the truth may lie in a completely alternative place. Women’s Education: Promoting Development, Countering Radicalism Year of publication: 2014 Author: Hedieh Mirahmadi Corporate author: World Organization for Resource Development and Education (WORDE) Increasing access to quality secular education can create better jobs for women and reduce some of the economic drivers of radicalization. Educated women can in turn play a pivotal role in inoculating their children and communities against the radical narratives used to recruit followers. Terrorist Attacks on Educational Institutions Year of publication: 2014 Author: Erin Miller Corporate author: National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) | Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology The report describes historical patterns of terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions dating back to 1970. Since that year, more than 3,400 terrorist attacks targeting educations institutions took place in 110 countries. These attacks comprised 2.7 percent of all terrorist attacks worldwide during this time period. Lessons Learned from Mental Health and Education: Identifying Best Practices for Addressing Violent Extremism Year of publication: 2015 Author: Stevan Weine | B. Heidi Ellis | Ron Haddad | Alisa B. Miller | Rebecca Lowenhaupt | Chloe Polutnik Corporate author: National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) The overall purpose of this research was to identify assets from the mental health and education fields that could contribute to best practices for preventing and intervening against violent extremism. Specifically we aimed to address the following questions:1) What prior knowledge, programmes or interventions within the mental health and education fields could contribute to best practices and other strategies that could help stop violent extremism? 2) How can professionals from the mental health and education fields best become involved in stopping violent extremism? Education, Poverty and Terrorism: Is There a Causal Connection? Year of publication: 2003 Author: Alan B. Krueger | Jitka Maleckova Corporate author: American Economic Association In the authors' view, any connection between poverty, education and terrorism is indirect, complicated and probably quite weak. Instead of viewing terrorism as a direct response to low market opportunities or ignorance, the article suggests it is more accurately viewed as a response to political conditions and long-standing feelings of indignity and frustration that have little to do with economics. Ocean Literacy for All: A Toolkit (IOC Manuals and Guides, 80) Year of publication: 2017 Author: Francesca Santoro | Selvaggia Santin | Gail Scowcroft | Géraldine Fauville | Peter Tuddenham Corporate author: UNESCO Venice Ocean literacy programs and projects, until now, have been mainly focusing on developing resources, lesson plans and activities targeting Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. Currently, and in particular after the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, we have assisted to a shift in the focus towards the inclusion of approaches closer to those developed under the UNESCO framework of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD).ESD aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in all social contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviors needed for sustainable development. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainable world. This publication is made of two parts. The first part presents the history of ocean literacy, and describes its framework made of 7 essential principles, and connects them to international ocean science programs that contributes to enhancing ocean knowledge and observations. Moreover, marine scientists and educators were interviewed to share their professional experiences on ocean literacy as well as their views on its future. The last chapter of part 1 describes the existing challenges to marine education, as well as the path for the development of successful ocean literacy activities in the context of the 2030 Agenda. One of the most important factors identified is related to the creation of multi-sector partnerships among the education, government, and private sector that have jointly built ocean literacy programs for all formal educational levels from the primary school to the university level as well as for non-formal learners. Worldwide examples of such programs are presented. The second part, after introducing the methodological approach based on the multi-perspective framework for ESD developed by UNESCO, presents 14 activities that could provide tested examples and support for the implementation of marine education initiatives. The aim is not to provide a one size-fits-all ready to use collection, but rather to offer support and examples of what could be then adapted for different geographical and cultural contexts. The resources are designed to be relevant for all learners of all ages worldwide and to find their application in many learning settings, while in their concrete implementation they will, naturally, have to be adapted to the national or local context. The necessity of darkness. The pedagogic imperative to teach about the death camps How much knowledge about the Holocaust is too much for students? How early is too early to begin to teach about the event? How do we find the correct balance between teaching about the atrocities and teaching about Jewish agency? The Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration debate these and other pedagogical questions in these pages.  (By the publisher) Action for Climate Empowerment: Guidelines for Accelerating Solutions through Education, Training and Public Awareness Year of publication: 2016 Author: Leslie Paas Corporate author: UNESCO | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat (UNFCCC) Action for Climate Empowerment (ACE) is the popular term adopted by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for its Article 6, pertaining to education, training, public awareness, access to information and participation, and international cooperation.Country-driven implementation of these interrelated elements is increasingly recognized as crucial for meeting the objectives of the Convention, and for achieving sustainable development in general.This publication is designed to help national decision-makers better understand the components of ACE and how they can be bolstered by the principles and methods of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). It also aims to provide guidance on engaging with a wide variety of stakeholders, establishing cross-sector partnerships, and mobilizing technical and financial support for ACE implementation. Developing reflective citizens: The role of Holocaust education In what way can we best conceptualize the relationship of Holocaust education to the broader goal of developing reflective citizens? Keeping in mind the diversity of our audience while simultaneously recognizing the traditions of social studies education in the United States, the author argues that Holocaust education should be integrated within the rationale of educating young people to reflect upon issues that have direct relationships to (1) the development of values and (2) the fostering of behaviours emphasizing social responsibility. In short, Holocaust education ‒ meaning the design of curricula, creation of pedagogical strategies and evaluation of student performance ‒ can be a critical component in developing a citizenry who are capable of addressing global problems such as human rights violations and genocide by employing a reflective understanding of history and its relationships to present and future policies and practices, irrespective of national boundaries (By the author)