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Discourses on Global Citizenship Education in Africa: Questioning and Answering from a Post-Colonial Perspective (Journal of Education for International Understanding; vol.16, no.3) Year of publication: 2021 Author: Yoonjung Choi | Yeji Kim Corporate author: Korean Society of Education for International Understanding (KOSEIU) Theoretically framed by post-colonialism and critical global citizenship education(GCED), this study explored major discourses on and practices of GCED in African countries through the use of a systematic review method. The findings demonstrated that studies related to GCED in African countries pointed out the limitations of state-centered civic education based on uncritical patriotism and passive citizenship, and further emphasize the importance of promoting more critical and reflective GCED. In addition, research emphasized the implementation of alternative and unique GCED education unique built on indigenous African knowledge and philosophy. This study provides significant insights into GCED in the context of South Korea and discusses the pursuit of globally oriented, sustainable GCED aiming for peace and solidarity around the world.  ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋™ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋น„์ „: ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•˜๋‹ค (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; vol.16, no.3) Year of publication: 2021 Author: ์ตœ์œค์ • | ๊น€์˜ˆ์ง€ Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜ ์ธ์‹๋ก ๊ณผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋™ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€, ์ฃผ์š” ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์  ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด๋น„ํŒ์  ์• ๊ตญ์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋™์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ค‘์‹ฌ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ , ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์  ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„œ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ต์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ํ† ์ฐฉ ์ง€์‹์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘”, ์ง€์—ญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งฅ๋ฝํ™”๋œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์—ญ์„คํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ํ‰ํ™”์™€ ๊ณต์กด, ์—ฐ๋Œ€, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค โ€˜์„ธ๊ณ„โ€™์ ์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.   ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ์ œ21์ฐจ ๊ตญ์ œํ•™์ˆ ๋Œ€ํšŒ: ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ช… Year of publication: 2020 Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ | ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์•„์‹œ์•„ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์› ์ œ21์ฐจ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ํ•™์ˆ ๋Œ€ํšŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ โ€˜ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์‹œ๋Œ€, ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ช…โ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋” ์ •์˜๋กญ๊ณ  ํ‰ํ™”๋กœ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๊ต์œก์ด ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.  2019 ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฝ˜ํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค: ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๋ฃŒ์ง‘ Year of publication: 2020 Author: Julian Sefton-Green | Matthew Johnson | Jagtar Singh | Jaehee Cho | Benjamin Thull | Jungim Ahn | Seojoong Kim | Dokyung Lee | Jaeyoung Chung | Cheungmoon Cho | Hyungtae Kim | Ohyeon Kweon | Eunryung Chong | Dayyoung Oh | Junehee Jung | Jerry Jacques | Hyeonseon Jeong | Jรฉrรฉmy Grosman | Anne-Sophie Collard | Maxime Verbesselt | Valentine Franรงois | Kyeong Hur | Amie Kim | Yeonju Oh | Gwanghee Kim | Minyoung Choi | Seungku Jung | Jisu Kim | Eunmi Hwang | Seongcheol Lee | Yeonju Choi Corporate author: ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์žฌ๋‹จ | ์ „๊ตญ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์„ผํ„ฐํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ | ํ•œ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ณต์‚ฌ | ํ•œ๊ตญ์ •๋ณดํ™”์ง„ํฅ์› | ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”ํ•œ๊ตญ์œ„์›ํšŒ | ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œกํ•™์ˆ ์ •๋ณด์› 2019๋…„ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋กœ 11์›” 28~29์ผ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ดยท์ •๋ณด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฝ˜ํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์˜ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๋ฃŒ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ, ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ œ ๋ฐ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.  ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๋„ˆ๋จธ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ: ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์— ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”์  Year of publication: 2020 Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ณต์‚ฌ | ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ๊ต์œก์ฒญ ๋ณธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19์ดํ›„ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๊ต์œก์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ํ•จ์–‘ ๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•™๊ต ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ ๊ทน ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๊ต์œก์ฒญ๊ณผ EBS๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์˜ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ฑ„๋„e ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์˜์ƒ์ด๋‹ค.  EBS ๊ต์œก๋Œ€ํ† ๋ก : ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? Year of publication: 2018 Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œก๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ณต์‚ฌ ๋ณธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” 2018๋…„ ๋ฐฉ์˜๋œ EBS ๋Œ€ํ† ๋ก (๋ถ€์ œ: ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ๋ น ๋งŒ 18์„ธ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ)์—์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์ด๋‹ค.  ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์‚ฌํšŒ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์‹ค์ œ Year of publication: 2020 Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ต์œกํ•™์ˆ ์ •๋ณด์› ๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ต์œก ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋กœ, ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์‚ฌํšŒ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.  โ€˜๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋งโ€™ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ง€์› ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ (๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 16, No. 3) Year of publication: 2023 Author: ๊น€์€ํฌ | ์žฅํ˜„์ • Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง ์ง€์› ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌธํ—Œ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฅ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”๊ตฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ 1์ฐจ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ข… ๋„์ถœ๋œ 45๊ฐœ์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ 40๋ช…์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์š”๊ตฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Borich ์š”๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ณต์‹์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 45๊ฐœ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ํ•„์š” ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , The Locus for Focus ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 45๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธํ•ญ ์ค‘ 17๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์™€ ์ฐจ์ˆœ์œ„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์š”๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ตฐ์—๋Š” ๋งค์นญ๊ณผ ๋ฉ˜ํ†  ๊ต์œก, ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง ๋‚ด์šฉ, ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ์‹, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์›, ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ˆœ์œ„๊ตฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฉ˜ํ†  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง ๋‚ด์šฉ, ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋“ฑ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ธ‰๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ˆ์ •์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์  ๋งค์นญ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์› ํ™•๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†’์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋ง์˜ ๊ณต์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์  ์ง€์› ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋™ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ œ (๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 17, No. 3) Year of publication: 2024 Author: ์†ก๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ | ๋ฐ•์„ ์šด Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋™ํ–ฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด 2006๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2024๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ โ€œ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”โ€, โ€œ์ธ์ข…โ€, โ€œ๋ฏผ์กฑโ€, โ€œ์ด์ฃผโ€, โ€œ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝโ€, โ€œ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธโ€๊ณผ โ€œ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œกโ€์„ ์ฃผ์ œ์–ด๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ 53ํŽธ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์œ ํ˜•, ๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ƒ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์ข…๋ฅ˜, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2008๋…„์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์–ด ๋น„๊ต์  ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ํฐ ํญ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” โ€œ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ง‘๋‹จโ€ ๋˜๋Š” โ€œ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ง‘๋‹จโ€์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์„ฑ์ธ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๋ น์„ ํŠน์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ™œ์šฉ ๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด์ฃผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฌด๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ต์œก์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ๊ต์œก์€ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜๊ต์œก์ด๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํŠน์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ํ™•๋Œ€, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒ€ํ† , ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์–‘์ , ์งˆ์  ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผํ•จ์„ ์ œ์–ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์™ธ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์›์กฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ: ์ถฉ๋‚จ๋Œ€-GTZ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ (๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์—ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 19, No. 2) Year of publication: 2024 Author: ๋ฐ•ํ™˜๋ณด Corporate author: ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกํ•™ํšŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์ดํ›„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ต์œก์›์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 1970-80๋…„๋Œ€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ต์œก์›์กฐ ์‚ฌ์—… ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ธ ์ถฉ๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต-GTZ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…์ผ ๊ต์œก์›์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ณต์—…๊ณ„ ๊ต์›์–‘์„ฑ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์— ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹น์‹œ ์ถฉ๋‚จ๋Œ€ ์ธก์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์ฑ…์ž„์ž๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ด€๋ จ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด์„œ, ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ๋…์ผ์ธ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์™€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ, ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ, ์ •๋ถ€ ๊ณต๋ฌธ์„œ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ถฉ๋‚จ๋Œ€-๋…์ผ GTZ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž์žฌ์™€ ์žฅ๋น„ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด ์™ธ์— ๊ณต์—…๊ณ„ ๊ต์›์–‘์„ฑ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์— ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์‹คํ—˜์‹ค์Šต๋„ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง€์›์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ์—… ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ œํ•œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฅ์‹ค์Šต์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…์ผ์‹ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 1950-60๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋น„ํ•ด 1970-80๋…„๋Œ€๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ œ๋„๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์™ธ๊ตญ ๊ต์œก์›์กฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.