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The Right to Education: What’s at Stake in Afghanistan?; A 20-Year Review Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: UNESCO This report takes stock of the achievements in education made by Afghanistan over the past 20 years and sets out immediate action to safeguard the right to education for all learners following deep political change in the country in 2021.Although Afghanistan lags far behind countries across South and West Asia on most development indicators, it has made impressive progress in education over two decades. Enrolment has increased ten-fold, with substantial gains for girls and female literacy. Female teachers have been hired. Steady efforts have been made to expand the school network across the country.The country has ratified key international normative instruments relating to the right to education; enshrined this right in the Constitution and adopted a wide range of policy measures to increase access, improve education quality and reduce gender, socio- economic and rural/urban disparities.But the challenges remain colossal, with half the primary school-aged children not enrolled in school and very low learning outcomes. The country is highly dependent on external aid to sustain its education system. It needs to uphold state obligations on the right to education without any discrimination and continue removing barriers that impede progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal on education to build the country’s future. 
Counting the Cost: Achieving Literacy in Countries of the Global Alliance for Literacy Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) This paper seeks to determine the cost of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) Target 4.6: 'By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy'. In an effort to answer this question, UNESCO ran simulations and identified the cost and funding gap for the 29 member countries of the Global Alliance for Literacy within the Framework of Lifelong Learning (GAL). This paper argues that 739 million youth and adults require additional literacy programmes of which 580 million are located in 9 of the 29 member countries (the E-9 countries). Based on the results of the simulation, an estimated US$ 190 billion is needed to achieve Target 4.6 by 2030 in the 29 GAL countries. The E-9 countries account for 80% of this cost as the large majority of the global population of youth and adults who lack basic literacy skills live in these territories. The estimation considers the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on GDP growth and presents several scenarios for consideration. If the 29 member countries allocate the recommended 3 per cent of their national education budget to youth and adult literacy, a funding gap of US$ 17 billion will still remain. However, this gap is greater in the 20 non-E9 countries, which account for US$ 12 billion of the funding gap. These 20 non-E9 countries already experience massive challenges for investing in their public education system due to low economic growth and low education development outcomes. A detailed description of the UNESCO GAL simulation model used to estimate the total cost and identify the financing gap for the 29 countries is presented to help interpret the results. The paper ends with a set of recommendations for governments and the international community to work together and ensure the availability of lifelong learning opportunities for all, especially those often left behind. 
Toolkit for Designing a Comprehensive Distance Learning Strategy Year of publication: 2021 Author: Emily Morris | Yvette Tan Corporate author: United States Agency for International Development (USAID) The purpose of this toolkit is to provide practical guidance (tools, examples, and resources) for designing a comprehensive distance learning strategy that covers an entire education sector or system. 
Diagnosing and Enhancing Environmental Literacy of Citizens to Raise Green Awareness Year of publication: 2021 Author: Jeongyoon Yeom | Namsoo Kim | Haengwoon Jeong | Woohyeon Jeong Corporate author: Korea Environment Institute (KEI) 1. Research purposeA nationwide consensus on the understanding on and necessity of the environmental policy is needed in order to successfully achieve the policy objectives.The necessity of environmental education is being highlighted but in reality, there is a lack of objectives and specific indicators to verify its effect.The goal of environmental education should be the expansion of environmental literacy and indicators to measure this should be developed. 2. Research scopeSummarize the concept of environmental literacy and develop the scales for adultsMeasure the level of environmental literacy of citizensConfirm the predictors and consequences of environmental literacyUnderstand citizen types via cluster analysis 
“Racism, Sexism, Homophobia, Which Card do You Want?” The Post-Migration Experience of Northern LGBTQ People Global and Global South Year of publication: 2021 Author: Barbara Andrade de Sousa | Line Chamberland Corporate author: Alterstice This article examines the life stories of seven LGBTQ immigrants, from the Global North and South, who live in Montreal. The research on immigration has long been carried out according to a framework heteronormative, which sets aside a whole series of questions relating to the impact of sexual orientation and non-normative gender identity on the migratory experience. Societies impose distinct constraints on LGBTQ people. Once settled in the host society, these subjects can experience more sexual possibilities. However, their origin can become a marker that places them inside a relationship of power with the majority group. This article aims to shed light on how LGBTQ immigrants construct their life stories in a context where their experience is crossed by the interweaving of several aspects of identities such as sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnicity, and religion, to name a few. The intersectional approach makes it possible to identify the systems of binding powers which participants face daily. The thematic analysis gave us allowed to listen to individuals to know the categories of power and the systems of oppression they talk about — the goal being to position respondents as knowledgeable subjects, not mere study objects. Analysis of the interviews shows that LGBTQ individuals who express a diverse combination of identities face specific challenges linked to the migratory route. 
Impact Report-Earthquake-Haiti 2021 Year of publication: 2022 Corporate author: Centre for International Cooperation and Study (CECI) On August 14, 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Great South of Haiti with full force, causing nearly of 2,300 dead and considerable material damage. This new natural disaster has come to worsen an already difficult socio-economic situation for families in this region of Haiti, which was barely within the devastating aftermath caused by Hurricane Matthew in 2016. From the first hours following the earthquake, CECI-Haiti, which was already carrying out 6 development in the departments of Grand-Anse and Sud, mobilized its teams to support government authorities, assess the needs of the population, in particular those of families and women, take stock of the damage and establish an action plan for recovery. The cities the most affected in the eastern region of the Grand'Anse department were the municipalities of Camp-Perrin, Roseaux, Coral, Beaumont, and Pestel.For the first emergency, the following priorities had been identified: Need for water supply; Need for drugs and agricultural inputs; Need for food and milk for the children; Need for tents and tarpaulins for temporary shelters; Need for sanitary products and clothing, portable toilets, etc.; Need for psychosocial support;To provide a rapid and significant response to urgent needs, CECI received funds from the public Canadian and obtained funding from the Ministry of International Relations and La Francophonie of the Government of Quebec. 
Advocacy Note: The Role of Cross-Border Trade in Security Food in Border Areas During Periods of COVID-19 Pandemic Year of publication: 2022 Corporate author: Centre for International Cooperation and Study (CECI) The Role of Cross-Border Trade in Security food in border areas during periods of COVID-19 pandemic To limit the spread of Covid-19, the governments of Burkina Faso and Senegal have decided to close the borders in March 2020, thus limiting the movement of goods and people and cross-border exchanges. Faced with the measures taken and faced with the absolute necessity of survival, the Traders in cross-border areas bypass official checkpoints to continue trade. cross-border exchanges, necessary for their survival and food security, despite the risks of gender-based violence (GBV). In the event of a pandemic, for countries with still fragile economies such as Burkina Faso and Senegal, selective sanitary measures should rather be applied to enable formal trade and the movement of food across borders. 
Women Key Actors of Food Resilience: A Reconfiguration of Gender Relations in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: Centre for International Cooperation and Study (CECI) The Covid-19 pandemic and its response measures have intensified the vulnerability and shortcomings of food systems in West Africa, affecting all activities and processes of production, distribution, and consumption of food. To this end, rural women in Senegal and Burkina Faso, ensured the resilience of poor and vulnerable households, thus generating recognition of this reality by men. It is therefore essential to give women decision-making power at all levels in the spheres related to the four pillars of security eating. It would be desirable to support and accompany the positive reconfiguration of relationships of power between women and men, already in progress in the communities studied, to ensure that they have the means and skills (social, cultural, economic, political, and legal) to be able to fully play this role. Support for farmer organizations and networks of women's organizations is essential. 
International News, Reading Notes : From Restricted Citizenship to Citizenship Education (Nathanaël Wallenhorst et Éric Mutabazi (dir.), Le Bord de l’eau, 2021, 230 p.) Year of publication: 2021 Author: Jean-Pierre Véran Corporate author: Revue Internationale D’éducation de Sèvres For readers of the Revue Internationale d’éducation de Sèvres, it should first be emphasized that this work raises the question of citizenship in the era of globalization. And, as an example, we will give chapter 2, which answers the question posed by its title: "How ethnicity prevented the realization of a community of citizens in Rwanda? It should also be emphasized that the thinkers called upon, from Kant to Arendt via Gramsci, have in common that they have considered the question of citizenship in very diverse historical and national contexts, but on a scale exceeding the national borders.We will also underline the second merit of this collective work of eleven researchers. It first paints a picture of the impeded citizenship of our present time before proposing an overcoming of these various impediments through cosmopolitical and existential citizenship. 
Citizenship Education at Regional Conflict Zones Year of publication: 2020 Author: Nazarii Boiarskyi | Aleksey Telichkin | Nikolay Nazarov | Yuriy Petrushenko | Alexandru Postica | Sasha Delemenchuk | Valery Balaian | Oleksandr Voitenko | Rauf Rajabov Corporate author: Human Rights Vector This publication is prepared by ‘Human Rights Vector’ NGO (Ukraine) as part of ‘Citizenship Education at Regional Conflict Zones’ projects that is being implemented by a ‘Citizenship Education at Regional Conflict Zones’ working group within EENCE network with the support of the Federal Agency for Civic Education (Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung) using funds appropriated by the Federal Foreign Office. This publication is the result of the activities of “Citizenship Education at Regional Conflict Zones” working group within EENCE network in 2020. The manual presents an understanding of conflicts in the modern world, as well as an overview of regional conflicts in the countries of the Eastern Partnership and Russia; it contains the analysis of the condition of formal and non-formal education in the conflict-affected areas; information on the specifics of planning and implementing citizenship education programs in the conflict-affected areas and for people from such areas, examples of the best educational practices.