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New Challenges and Approaches to Regional and Global Security in Central Asia Year of publication: 2020 Corporate author: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) On 26 October 2018 in Nur-Sultan, the OSCE Programme Office in Nur-Sultan jointly with the Friedrich Ebert Foundation and the Kazakhstan Council on International Relations, with support from the Institute of Diplomacy under the Academy of Public Administration and the Public Opinion Research Institute co-organized an international conference entitled “New Challenges and Approaches to Regional and Global Security in Central Asia”. This compendium, which includes presentations given at the conference by both Kazakhstan’s and foreign participants, explores main regional security threats in Central Asia and ways to address these problems, as well as regional co-operation issues in responding to contemporary challenges. The edition will be of interest to political scientists, international relations experts, civil servants, scholars, educators, university-level students, and broad sections of the public interested in the contemporary development of the region. The edition is published in Russian and English. The paper of Mr. Pal Dunay is written in the English language in the original, the rest of the reports are in Russian. All reports have been translated and edited with the support of the OSCE Program Office in Nur Sultan. Any opinions and recommendations expressed in the materials arising from the conference are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the conference organizers. The Level of Employment of a Reverse Education Strategy for the Basic Stage in the Directorate of Education for the Ain Al-Basha District in Light of the Corona Pandemic from the Point of View of its Supervisors & Its Relationship to Some Variables Year of publication: 2022 Author: Mervat Shehadeh This study aims to identify the level of employment of the Reverse education strategy for primary school teachers in light of the Corona pandemic during the year 2021, from the point of view of educational supervisors in the Directorate of Education of the Ain Al-Basha Brigade.The study followed the social survey method. Where the field of study consisted of (25) educational supervisors, a standardized questionnaire was distributed to all of them, and the study concluded that the level of employing the Reverse learning strategy was average, the study also concluded that there are no differences at the level of significance (α≤ 0.05) with regard to the variables (Gender, practical experience), and the study recommends the need to intensify research related to the issue of the Reverse education strategy, especially in light of the Corona pandemic, as it was found that there are few researches in the field of educational supervision. Urban-Environmental Nexus Approach To achieve sustainable management of Egyptian urbanization Year of publication: 2022 Author: Marwa Sebawy Hamed, Mohamed Fareed Mohamed Abd-Elaziz In view of the high rates of population growth witnessed by urban communities, and the resulting continuous increase in pressures on water, energy and food resources, which generates some issues facing societies such as economic turmoil, issues related to climate change and other urgent issues that need intervention. This is to try to achieve the principles and goals of sustainable development for these communities, as one of the most important reasons for these issues is the unilateral sectoral decisions and plans to deal with these issues and the lack of integrated plans that preserve resources in general and achieve the goals of sustainable development. Therefore, the research aims to formulate a methodological framework to achieve sustainable management of the Egyptian urbanization by applying the approach of the urban environmental link with the Egyptian urban agglomerations, to achieve the goals of sustainable development and provide the requirements of population growth. Where the research studies the concepts of sustainable urban management in the light of applying the urban-environmental nexus approach, and its role in achieving the dimensions of sustainable management and focusing on the basic principles of water, energy and food sustainability in urban agglomerations. This requires defining the foundations and criteria for achieving sustainable management based on the interdependence and interdependence of sectoral and integrated plans in order to meet current and potential challenges and pressures. The research also deals with many different international experiences to understand the integrated interrelationships between the water, energy and food sectors, taking into account the specificity of the Egyptian case. In order to reach an initial methodological framework for achieving sustainable management of the Egyptian urbanization, this framework is reviewed by presenting it to experts and specialists in the field in order to reach the final methodological framework for achieving sustainable management of the Egyptian urbanization. The effectiveness of field training in qualifying students of media faculties for the labor market: Yarmouk and Middle East universities as a model Year of publication: 2023 Author: Saddam Al-Masshaqbah | Ramez Abuhasirah The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of the field training course in raising the capabilities of students of media faculties in public and private Jordanian universities and qualifying them for the labor market. The results showed that the degree of students' commitment to attendance during the field training period in media institutions came to a "huge" degree, at a rate of (39.8%), while the degree of their benefit from field training came to a "medium" degree, at a rate of (29.2%). In: "Journalism Editing," Preparation of Radio and Television Programs," and "The Art of Speaking and Presentation." training" with an arithmetic mean of (4.27) and a high degree. In contrast, the effectiveness of the field training was represented in qualifying students for the labor market by: "recognizing the mechanism of work of the media institution," "acquiring new relationships in the labor market." and "Identifying the problems of workers in media institutions. The Digital Transformation of Governmental Higher Education Institutions in the Southern Governorates of Palestine Year of publication: 2023 Author: Randa Ead Shrair The article aimed to identify the level of digital transformation in government higher education institutions in the Southern Governorates of Palestine from the point of view of its faculty members and to reveal whether there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05). between the averages of the respondents' responses about the level of digital transformation in Government higher education institutions in the Southern Governorates of Palestine are attributed to the variables: (gender, years of service, academic degree, and specialization); by using the descriptive/surveying, a questionnaire was designed consisted of (30) items distributed on (4) axes. After verifying its validity and reliability, the questionnaire was applied to a stratified random sample of (123) male and female faculty members. The study concluded that the level of digital transformation in higher education institutions was “high" and there were no statistically significant differences between the averages of the respondents' responses about the level of digital transformation in those institutions due to the variables of the study . Violence against Women, its forms and Legal Protection Mechanisms against it in light of Law No. 15-19 of 2015 Year of publication: 2020 Author: Houbah Abdel Qader,Awad Fateha Violence against women is a real appearance of a social phenomenon. It has been widespread in recent years since the beginning of this millennium, as violence in its material and moral appearance has become a real threat to all vulnerable groups in societies. Violence against women in all its forms is also considered a crime punishable by law, which requires combating, criminalizing it, and emphasizing its perpetrators. Since violence against women is a crime recognized today locally and internationally, most laws and legislations have come to condemn it. It also recognizes its serious, health and psychological effects on women specifically. This research paper discusses the forms of physical and moral violence practiced against her, and to identify the mechanisms adopted by the criminal Algerian legislator following the recent changes taking place in the Penal Code for the year 2015 in order to combat violence. A Geographical - Political Analysis of the Determinants of women's empowerment in Iraq Year of publication: 2020 Author: Zainab Ali Mazloum, Lateef Kamel Kelaiwy Empowering women is one of the modern topics that geopolitics is concerned with, especially after the United Nations adopted in the eighties of the twentieth century the strategy of empowering women against the background of discrimination against them on the basis of gender and depriving them of equal opportunities compared to males in the fields of learning and work as well as drawing state policy, that empowerment The political status of women is based on two main variables: the first is the removal of legislative, administrative, and social determinants that hinder women's political participation, and the second is the creation of political measures and measures that support women's participation and increase their effectiveness by developing their capabilities, nah As for employing those capabilities in the institutional framework of political units, so states at various levels and orientations, including Iraq, are keen to eliminate gender differences and women's empowerment through achieving comprehensive development in general and political development in particular because they mimic political empowerment, however Iraq has said a lot in this field by doing The many political transformations and wars that affected the state, as well as the great challenges that faced and still face the Iraqi political decision-maker with its various political, security, economic and social dimensions. Prevalence Rate of the Developmental Disabilities among Omani Children according to Gender and Educational Program Year of publication: 2022 Author: Ali Mahdi Kazem | Sahar Al-Shorbagy | Thuraya S The present study aimed to early identify the developmental isabilities among kindergarten kids in Muscat. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers used the developmental disabilities Inventory which has three axes: cognitive disabilities, linguistic disabilities and visual motor disabilities. The sample of the study was 365 children from kindergarten in Muscat. Findings indicated that the rate of spreading developmental disabilities of the sample reaches 6% and the rate of children who has risk of learning disabilities reaches 13.2%.The results also mentioned that there were statistically significant differences in the rate of spreading evelopmental disabilities due to the type variable in favour of the males. Also, there were significant differences in the educational program variable in favour of international schools. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Digital Diplomacy in Building Relationships with the Public from the Perspective of International Public Relations Year of publication: 2023 Author: Musab Falih Al-Hasbi Diplomacy has been an indispensable part of global affairs, as it is what makes it about relations between global nations. One easier way to connect with the world is digitally in this age of life including International relations.In this context, the current study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of digital diplomacy in building relationships with the public from the perspective of international public relations byanalyzing the efforts of the diplomatic mission of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in both the United States and the United Kingdom on Twitter The study relied The study relied on a theoretical approach that explains the development of the concept of digital diplomacy and its various functions, presented by researchers Dodd & Collins that illustrates the functions of digital diplomacy through social media platforms. The current study is one of the descriptive studies that relied on the case study approach and the content analysis, by analyzing the content of the tweets, (1181) tweets divided into (730) tweets published through the official account of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s mission to the United States via Twitter, as well as (451) tweets published through the official account of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s mission to the United Kingdom. The Attitudes of Mathematics Teachers towards the use of e-learning at Secondary Schools in Tulkarm District Year of publication: 2021 Author: Husam Tawfiq Herzallah Basem Shalash Corporate author: Al-Quds Open University This study aimed to identify the attitudes of math teachers towards the use of electronic education in the secondary schools in Tulkarm Governorate, the study also identified the impact of the study variables (gender, educational qualification, experience, and the ability to use the computer) on the attitudes of teachers. The researchers used the descriptive analytical method, the study sample consisted of (83) male and female teachers (36) of them are female teachers and the remaining others (47) are male teachers, the researchers used a questionnaire which consists of (35) items, which were applied in the second semester of the academic year (2019/2020) ).The results of the study showed that the attitudes of the sample members towards e-learning were medium average, the results of the study showed that there were many differences in the attitudes according to the gender variable and in favor of males, and no differences appeared or emerged according to other variables. The researchers presented many recommendations and suggestions, the most important of them are: holding scientific courses, and seminars with the aim of spreading awareness and knowledge of e-learning and its benefits on the educational process and encouraging teachers to practice different types of e-learning, as well as studying students' attitudes toward using e-learning.