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Un Lexique du racisme: étude sur les définitions opérationnelles relatives au racisme et aux phénomènes connexes Year of publication: 2006 Author: Micheline Labelle Corporate author: UNESCO | Centre de recherche sur l'immigration, l'ethnicité et la citoyenneté (Canada). Observatoire international sur le racisme et les discriminations Qu'est-ce que la « race »? Qu'est-ce que le racisme? Le racisme est-il universel et existet-il de toute éternité? Comment distinguer racisme, ethnocentrisme et xénophobie? Quelles sont les manifestations ou les formes élémentaires du racisme? Quels sont ses niveaux? Quelles sont ses logiques discursives? On observe dans diverses sociétés contemporaines l’expression du racisme et de l’ethnisme. Le déplacement sournois du racisme classique au néo-racisme pose différents types de problèmes pour l'analyse sociologique et politique et l’intervention sociale. L’une de ces difficultés concerne les critères de définition du racisme : le racisme existe-t-il seulement lorsque le mot « race » est présent? Est-il légitime de qualifier de racisme les préjugés et les discriminations contre les jeunes, les personnes âgées, les femmes, les homosexuels, les patrons, les policiers? Y a-t-il lieu de référer à des « racismes spécifiques » dans ses manifestations, soit un racisme qui touche des groupes cibles particuliers : Autochtones, Afrodescendants, Juifs, Arabes, etc.? Comment éviter une hiérarchisation des expressions du racisme et des cibles du racisme, tout en rendant compte de leur spécificité? Enfin, s’ajoute la question de la spécificité des sociétés (allemande, américaine, française, guadeloupéenne, japonaise, rwandaise, sud-africaine, etc.) qui fournissent le contexte politique et le répertoire culturel à partir desquels s'alimentent les expressions du racisme et de l'antiracisme. Il n’existe dans le système des Nations Unies définition du racisme. Dans son article 1, la Convention pour l’élimination du racisme et de la discrimination raciale (CERD) se limite à définir la seule discrimination raciale, qu’elle fonde sur « la race, la couleur, l’ascendance ou l’origine nationale ou ethnique ». Cette vision très large aboutit sur le plan opérationnel à faire du racisme une sorte de fourre-tout où se retrouve tout ce qui a « pour but ou pour effet de détruire ou de compromettre la reconnaissance, la jouissance ou l’exercice, dans des conditions d’égalité, des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales dans les domaines politique, économique, social et culturel ou dans tout autre domaine de la vie publique ». Les instruments internationaux et nationaux recourent largement à la notion de « race » pour combattre le racisme et par le fait même, ils contribuent à la reproduction des représentations qui y sont associées. Les cibles du racisme sont souvent confondues dans une même totalité. Les préjugés ne sont pas distingués des pratiques sociales. Sous couvert d’analyser le néo-racisme, on oublie que les représentations liées au racisme « colonial » perdurent dans nos sociétés. La « gestion de la diversité » est confondue avec la lutte contre le racisme.De tout ce flou, il résulte une confusion terminologique dans les concepts lorsqu’on regarde le terrain opérationnel où la lutte contre le racisme, la xénophobie, la discrimination et toutes les formes d’intolérance se trouve unifiée. Des campagnes de prévention contre le racisme confondent les cibles du racisme et celles de l’ethnocentrisme ou de la xénophobie. Ceci a un impact sur l’efficacité de la lutte contre le racisme et contre les racismes que l’on peut qualifier de spécifiques ─ anti autochtone, anti afro-descendant, antisémitisme, arabophobie, islamophobie, etc. ─, soit ceux qui se sont manifestés historiquement et à un niveau ultime, sous la forme d’une biopolitique de haine et de violence et du racisme d’État (Le Cour Grandmaison, 2005, p.128). Étant donné ce manque de clarté conceptuel, il apparaît important de réfléchir sur les définitions du racisme et de la discrimination et sur les termes utilisés pour les combattre. La première partie propose d’entrée de jeu un commentaire critique sur la notion de « race » et distingue ensuite les fonctions, les manifestations, les niveaux et les logiques du racisme. La seconde partie contient un glossaire des termes adoptés par les experts des sciences humaines et juridiques, les institutions internationales et nationales, de même que par certains organismes de combat, dans le domaine du racisme et de la discrimination. Plusieurs de ces définitions font problème, on le constatera par comparaison. Nous illustrons ainsi la difficulté que pose la présentation d’une définition extraite ou séparée de son contexte et d’un cadre théorique sur l’interprétation du racisme que les limites de cette étude ne nous permettent pas d’analyser et de mettre en relief. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’action de l’UNESCO pour promouvoir le renforcement des politiques contre le racisme et la discrimination dans les villes et les municipalités. L’UNESCO a appuyé la mise sur pied de la Coalition internationale des villes contre le racisme. Le cadre de départ de cette Coalition est la proposition d’un Plan d’action en 10 points, adopté à Nuremberg, en décembre 2004 (UNESCO, 2004). 
Outcome Document of the Technical Consultation on Global Citizenship Education: Global Citizenship Education: An Emerging Perspective Year of publication: 2013 Corporate author: UNESCO This document draws on inputs to, and common perspectives emerging from, a Technical Consultation on Global Citizenship Education organized by UNESCO and the Republic of Korea (i.e., the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of Education, and the Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding) in Seoul on 9-10 September 2013 . Informing this draft document are: a) responses from the expert participants to a questionnaire circulated by UNESCO in advance of the consultation; b) presentations from experts during the consultation; c) discussions during the consultation; and d) reference material contributing to, and prepared for, the consultation. The final draft of this document was prepared by UNESCO’s Division of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development at Headquarters in Paris, with the assistance of a drafting team. Document final de la Consultation technique sur l’éducation à la citoyenneté mondiale: Éducation à la citoyenneté mondiale : Une nouvelle vision Year of publication: 2013 Corporate author: UNESCO Le présent document s’inspire des contributions et des perspectives communes issues d’une Consultation technique sur l’éducation à la citoyenneté mondiale organisée par l’UNESCO et la République de Corée (à savoir, par les ministères des Affaires étrangères et de l’Éducation et le Centre Asie-Pacifique d'éducation pour la compréhension internationale) à Séoul, les 9 et 10 septembre 20131. Ce projet de document s’appuie sur : (a) les réponses des experts participants à un questionnaire envoyé par l’UNESCO avant la consultation ; (b) les présentations des experts durant la consultation; (c) les débats qui ont eu lieu pendant la consultation ; et sur (d) les documents de référence préparés pour la consultation. Le projet final du présent document a été préparé par la Division de l'éducation pour la paix et le développement durable, au Siège de l’UNESCO, à Paris, avec le soutien d’une équipe de rédaction. Documento Final de la Consulta técnica Sobre Educación para la Ciudadanía Mundial - Educación para la Ciudadanía Mundial: una Perspectiva Emergente Year of publication: 2013 Corporate author: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) En el presente documento se toman como base los aportes y las perspectivas comunes que surgen de la consulta técnica sobre la educación para la ciudadanía mundial, organizada por la UNESCO y la República de Corea (los Ministerios de Relaciones Exteriores y de Educación y el Centro de Asia y el Pacífico de Educación para el Entendimiento Internacional) en Seúl los días 9 y 10 de septiembre de 2013.A lo largo de la elaboración del borrador de este documento se utilizaron: a) las respuestas de expertos a un cuestionario circulado por la UNESCO previo a la consulta; b) las ponencias realizadas por los expertos durante la consulta; c) las discusiones que se efectuaron durante la consulta; y d) el material de referencia que respaldó y fue preparado para la consulta. El borrador final del presente documento fue preparado por la División de la Educación para la Paz y el Desarrollo Sostenible en la sede de la UNESCO en París, con la asistencia de un equipo de redacción. En este documento se presentan las perspectivas comunes que emanaron de la consulta. 
Study on measures taken by municipalities and recommendations for further action to achieve greater vigilance against racism: Commitment 1 of the Ten-Point Plan of Action Year of publication: 2006 Author: Klaus Starl Corporate author: UNESCO | European Training and Research Centre for Human Rights and Democracy (Austria) Commitment 1 of the Ten-Point Plan of Action of the European Coalition of Cities against Racism requires ‘Greater Vigilance against Racism’. This point aims at setting up a monitoring, vigilance and solidarity network against racism at the municipal level. To reach this goal, the members of the coalition are called to undertake activities, elaborate strategies and establish relevant institutions to monitor the local situation concerning structures in society, attitudes within the population and racist incidents. They are called to find out causes for racist tendencies among their population and establish solidarity networks involving all stakeholders, particularly civil society organisations. As an external expert, the European Training and Research Centre for Human Rights and Democracy in Graz, Austria, (ETC Graz) was commissioned by UNESCO to carry out a study on the measures already taken against racism at the local level that serve as good illustration of ‘Commitment 1’. Major information resource was the written material provided by the selected cities. Through direct exchange and/or interviews with responsible officers of the municipalities and some NGOs, additional or missing information could be obtained. The material is not to be considered as complete. On the basis of the contribution sent in by the participating cities, the ETC made an assessment whether these actions/activities meet the objective of the Commitment 1. The authors used the following criteria to make this assessment: does the action undertaken contribute to a) creating and promoting vigilance directly; b) creating and promoting vigilance indirectly through awareness raising; c) creating and promoting vigilance through a monitoring measure or d) the establishment and maintenance of a solidarity network. The authors presumed that c) and d) will lead directly to greater vigilance. The following recommendations are derived from the eight selected measures documented in Chapter II, and the analysis on their replicability in Chapter III. The 10 recommendations expicitly or implicitly refer to the replicable documented measures. Where the replicability requires specific conditions, these are stated or it is recommended to fulfil these conditions firstly, i.e. structural and institutional conditions. The 10 recommendations are addressed to municipalities in Europe irrespective of their current membership in the European Coalition of Cities against Racism. As already mentioned the recommendations focus on meeting the requirement of Commitment 1, creating greater vigilance against racism. 
UNESCO's Education Evaluation in 2016: A Review Year of publication: 2017 Corporate author: UNESCO UNESCO completed 12 education related evaluations in 2016. Part A of this review presents the key insights and lessons learned from those evaluations. These learnings are designed to help enhance UNESCO’s leadership and coordination of the SDG 4 – Education 2030 Agenda. Part B of the review provides an assessment of the quality and usefulness of these evaluations based on the UNEG and OECD quality standards for evaluation reports. 
UNESCO and Education Year of publication: 2017 Corporate author: UNESCO Education is a fundamental human right and
a public good and, as such, has been at the core of UNESCO’s work since its inception.Education is also the path to sustainability – to poverty alleviation, better health, environmental protection and gender equality.As the only United Nations agency with a mandate to cover all aspects of education, UNESCO was entrusted in 2015 to lead the coordination and monitoring of Sustainable Development Goal 4, as part of the new Global Education 2030 Agenda.Goal 4 aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all,” and renewed UNESCO’s and Member States’ commitment to a vision of education that is holistic, inspirational and which leaves no one behind.This commitment is reflected in the size and scope of the Education Sector, the largest in UNESCO, with staff working at its Paris Headquarters and spread across a global network of field offices and specialized institutes and centres. With its close links with education ministries and other partners, UNESCO is strongly placed to press for action and change.UNESCO’s Education Sector supports Member States in developing education systems that foster high-quality and inclusive lifelong learning for all, empowering learners to be creative and responsible global citizens while leading the debate to help shape the future international education agenda.There is no stronger, no more lasting, investment a country can make than educating its citizens. The Education Sector exists to further this collective vision worldwide by transforming lives one by one. L'UNESCO et l'éducation Year of publication: 2017 Corporate author: UNESCO Education is a fundamental human right and
a public good and, as such, has been at the core of UNESCO’s work since its inception.Education is also the path to sustainability – to poverty alleviation, better health, environmental protection and gender equality.As the only United Nations agency with a mandate to cover all aspects of education, UNESCO was entrusted in 2015 to lead the coordination and monitoring of Sustainable Development Goal 4, as part of the new Global Education 2030 Agenda.Goal 4 aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all,” and renewed UNESCO’s and Member States’ commitment to a vision of education that is holistic, inspirational and which leaves no one behind.This commitment is reflected in the size and scope of the Education Sector, the largest in UNESCO, with staff working at its Paris Headquarters and spread across a global network of field offices and specialized institutes and centres. With its close links with education ministries and other partners, UNESCO is strongly placed to press for action and change.UNESCO’s Education Sector supports Member States in developing education systems that foster high-quality and inclusive lifelong learning for all, empowering learners to be creative and responsible global citizens while leading the debate to help shape the future international education agenda.There is no stronger, no more lasting, investment a country can make than educating its citizens. The Education Sector exists to further this collective vision worldwide by transforming lives one by one. 
글로벌시민교육: 21세기 새로운 인재 기르기 Year of publication: 2014 Corporate author: 유네스코 이 보고서는 글로벌시민교육을 주제로 열렸던 두 차례의 국제회의 - 글로벌시민교육 전문가회의(2013년 9월 9-10일, 대한민국 서울)와 제1차 유네스코 글로벌시민교육 포럼(2013년 12월 2-4일, 태국 방콕) - 결과를 토대로 교육정책 입안자, 교육 실천가, 시민사회단체 및 청소년 리더들을 위해 만들어졌다. 글로벌시민교육을 처음 접하거나 이미 실천하고 있는 모든 독자들에게 유용한 지침서가 될 것이다. 
Global guidance on addressing school related gender based violence Year of publication: 2016 Corporate author: UNESCO | United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) More than 246 million children are subjected to gender-based violence in or around schools every year. This is a violation of their human rights, and a form of gender-discrimination that has far-reaching physical, psychological and educational consequences. Ending schoolrelated gender-based violence (SRGBV) is a priority for countries wishing to achieve ambitious global goals on inclusive and quality education for all and gender equality.WHAT IS THE AIM OF THIS GUIDANCE? This guidance aims to provide a comprehensive, one-stop resource on school-related gender-based violence (SRGBV), including clear, knowledge-based operational guidance, diverse case studies drawn from examples of promising practice and recommended tools for the education sector and its partners working to eliminate gender-based violence. It distils programme knowledge based on existing global literature, promising practices, expert recommendations and practitioner consensus.WHO IS THIS GUIDANCE FOR? The primary audience for this global guidance is the national education sector, including government policy-makers, education ministries, school administrators, educators and other school staff. The guidance may also have wider interest for other national and international stakeholders that are interested in addressing SRGBV, including NGOs, bilateral and multilateral agencies, teachers’ trade unions and policy-makers in other domestic sectors. The guidance is intended primarily for use in low- and middle-income settings, but is based on norms and principles that are universally applicable.WHAT IS COVERED IN THIS GUIDANCE? Promising practice case studies and recommended tools are embedded throughout the relevant sub-sections of the guidance. These provide readers with illustrative examples of implementation in real-life contexts and can serve as resources that have been successfully used – and can be adapted – for application in different contexts.This guidance complements other existing tools and materials for specific bilateral, multilateral and NGO audiences on violence against women and girls, and violence in schools. An expanded online version, which will be regularly updated, is available at www.endvawnow.org