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Strengthening the Quality of Early Childhood Education and Care Through Inclusion Year of publication: 2020 Author: Susie Lee | Barbara Janta Corporate author: European Union (EU) The quality in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) has risen up the policy agenda globally, leading to a general consensus that quality ECEC can lead to positive and equitable outcomes for all children. Given these contexts, the European Commission considers inclusion as an integral part of quality ECEC. However, ensuring effective access to quality ECEC for all children remains a challenge, especially for those from disadvantaged backgrounds. This is in part because both inclusion and quality ECEC are multi-faceted concepts. This present policy memo helps policymakers better understand this challenge and suggests some possible solutions. To do so, this memo introduces what inclusion means in education generally and in ECEC particularly, and then discusses how inclusion in ECEC is understood in the current EU policy context. Lastly, the memo summarises findings from recent EU-level projects on how inclusion is integrated into different aspects of quality in ECEC.  Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027: Resetting Education and Training for the Digital Age Year of publication: 2020 Corporate author: European Union The Digital Education Action Plan (2021-2027) outlines the European Commission’s vision for high quality, inclusive and accessible digital education in Europe.It is a call to action for stronger cooperation at European level to learn from the COVID-19 crisis during which technology is being used at a scale never seen before in education and training make education and training systems fit for the digital age  The Future of Language Education in Europe: Case Studies of Innovative Practices; Analytical Report Year of publication: 2020 Author: Emmanuelle Le Pichon-Vorstman | Hanna Siarova | Eszter Szőnyi Corporate author: NESET II | European Union (EU) The main purpose of this report is to inspire educators and policy makers to innovate and implement forward-looking policies and practices in language education, by exploring novel approaches and strategies for language teaching across in Europe that support learners’ plurilingualism.  Community Centers Guide Year of publication: 2018 Corporate author: Protection Cluster Yemen Community centers are an important part of the Protection Cluster strategy in Yemen in order to ensure that communities remain at the center of providing services and community-based activities, including those displaced from war-affected areas and host communities and children, youth and women.  On the International Day for Tolerance: Calls for Coexistence and the Rejection of Intolerance Year of publication: 2020 Author: Wijdan Alrubai Corporate author: Awraas TV On the International Day for Tolerance, the broadcaster on the TV program hosts some specialists to speak about tolerance and reject intolerance in the Arab world. Through the program, the difference in the concept of tolerance among the speakers is shown and raised as an issue in the Arab world.  Chakra the Invincible; Gender Equality Year of publication: 2015 Author: Stan Lee | Sharad Devarajan | Gotham Chopra | Ashwin Pande | Jeevan J. Kang | Sesha Sainan Devarajan | Aditya Bidikar | Nilesh S. Mahadik Corporate author: Graphic India Pte. ltd | POW Entertainment The legendary Stan Lee and Sharad Devarajan bring their character Chakra the Invincible to teach children about the global goals! Chakra takes to the streets of Mumbai to teach children a lesson on gender equality and girls' empowerment. Global Citizenship Education in the Draft Social Studies K-6 Curriculum Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: Alberta Council for Global Cooperation (ACGC) This document is the Alberta Council for Global Cooperation’s (ACGC) response to the Draft Social Studies K-6 Curriculum released by the Government of Alberta on March 29, 2021. ACGC conducted the analysis of the draft social studies curriculum to better understand the alignment of the draft with global citizenship education (GCE) best practices.Global citizenship is a lens through which to see the world. ACGC understands global citizenship as “an ethos” primarily concerned with fostering “a sense of belonging to the global community and common humanity” (UNESCO, 2013). This not only involves members experiencing solidarity and collective identity themselves, but also necessitates collective responsibility to take local and global action for a better world.Following the analysis, ACGC strongly recommends that the draft curriculum be rewritten to reflect international best practices in global citizenship education. There are significant gaps in the draft when held against the suggested learning outcomes of UNESCO’s guide, Global Citizenship Education: Topics and Learning Objectives. Furthermore, the Alberta government’s Guiding Framework for the Design and Development of Kindergarten to Grade 12 Provincial Curriculum released in December 2020 provides an opportunity for GCE if the draft curriculum more closely aligns with our understanding of the Guiding Framework. Ultimately, the best path forward is rewriting the draft curriculum to include cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioural learning outcomes that foster active global citizenship and prepare Alberta students to contribute to and thrive within a sustainable, interconnected world.  Foundations for Building Forward Better: An Education Reform Path for Lebanon Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: World Bank Human capital development is a critical determinant of economic growth, equity, and prosperity, but outcomes in this domain are worryingly low inLebanon, risking the future of generations of children. Lebanese children lag behind their peers in human capital development—measured accordingto the World Bank (2020c) Human Capital Index—suggesting that the future productivity of the labor force and the country’s trajectory for equitablegrowth is at risk (World Bank 2020b). The Human Capital Index indicates that children born in Lebanon today will reach, on average, only 52 percentof their potential productivity when they grow up. This is lower than the average estimates for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region(57 percent) and upper-middle-income countries (56 percent). Lebanon’s poor performance on the Human Capital Index is largely attributed to theeducation outcomes calculated for the index. If actual years of schooling, which average approximately 10.2 years in Lebanon, are adjusted for actual learning, effective years of schooling are 40 percent less—on average, only 6.3 years of actual learning (World Bank 2020b). The most recent school closures were due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with schools being closed over 75 percent of the school year between January 2020 and February 2021.1 This will likely lead to a further and significant decrease in learning: effectively, students are facing a lost year of learning (Azevedo et al. 2021).  COVID 19, Technology-Based Education and Disability: The Case of Bangladesh; Emerging Practices in Inclusive Digital Learning for Students With Disabilities Year of publication: 2021 Author: Vashkar Bhattacharjee | Shahriar Mohammad Shiblee Corporate author: UNESCO This study sheds light on Bangladesh’s initiatives in the area of disability-inclusive education. The particu- lar focus is on the role of its Accessible Reading Materials (ARM) initiative and how this has contributed to ensuring disability-inclusive and accessible education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. ARM is a government-led initiative that was launched in 2014 by the then Access to Information (a2i) programme of the Prime Minister’s Office, now the Aspire to Innovate Programme of the Information and Communica- tion Technology (ICT) Division of the Government of Bangladesh. It was launched in recognition of the need for solutions to ensure virtual, as well as regular reading access for all students, including children and young people with barriers to reading. ARM is aimed at satisfying the educational needs of all students including students with print and learning disabilities.  Let’s Break Silos Now!: Achieving Disability-Inclusive Education in a Post-COVID World Year of publication: 2020 Author: Aurélie Beaujolais | Blandine Bouniol | Francesca Piatta | Julia McGeown | Sandra Boisseau | Sandrine Bohan Jacquot | Valentina Pomatto Corporate author: Humanity & Inclusion This is a report on the difficulties children with disabilities face in accessing education in the world’s poorest countries. The report draws specifically on Humanity & Inclusion and its partners’ extensive global experience and learning around education and disability. More recently, this includes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education for children with disabilities.