Resources
Explore a wide range of valuable resources on GCED to deepen your understanding and enhance your research, advocacy, teaching, and learning.
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International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education: Developing Competencies for the AI Era Synthesis Report; 7-8 December 2020 Year of publication: 2021 Author: Fengchun Miao | Wayne Holmes Corporate author: UNESCO This synthesis report has been developed by the UNESCO Unit for Technology and Artificial Intelligence in Education within the Future of Learning and Innovation Team, drawing on the International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education held in Beijing and simultaneously online from 7 to 8 December 2020.The Forum underlined the importance of reviewing the very purpose of education, together with the opportunity for real transformation, and the role that AI might play. It is widely acknowledged that current educational practices and educational environment are very rigid, and that the future of education should be more flexible and responsive to changing circumstances and innovation. National education authorities should identify what skills young people need to enable them to live and thrive in the new realities of a constantly changing world, and what digital transformation makes possible in the national and international context. In short, new education models are needed to put students at the centre, to move away from a focus on memorizing content, to integrate the digital and the analogue, and to foster human cognitive, socioemotional and critical skills, all of which might – with foresight and careful attention – be enabled by AI and other digital technologies. 
Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development: Synthesis Report; Mobile Learning Week 2019 Year of publication: 2019 Corporate author: UNESCO During the five-day event for Mobile Learning Week 2019, UNESCO gathered participants from around the world to share experiences, initiatives and plan joint actions with a view to harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4. The report stems from the work that the speakers presented and the insights that all the participants shared at the event. 
AI and Education: Guidance for Policy-Makers Year of publication: 2021 Author: Fengchun Miao | Wayne Holmes | Ronghuai Huang | Hui Zhang Corporate author: UNESCO Artificial intelligence (AI) is envisioned as a new tool to accelerate the progress towards the achievement of SDG 4. Policies and strategies for using AI in education are central to maximizing AI’s benefits and mitigating its potential risks. Fostering AI-ready policy-makers is the starting point of the policy development process.This publication offers guidance to policy-makers in understanding AI and responding to the challenges and opportunities in education presented by AI. Specifically, it introduces the essentials of AI such as its definition, techniques, technologies, capacities and limitations. It also delineates the emerging practices and benefit-risk assessment on leveraging AI to enhance education and learning, and to ensure inclusion and equity, as well as the reciprocal role of education in preparing humans to live and work with AI.The publication summarizes three approaches to the policy responses from existing practices: independent approach, integrated approach and thematic approach. In a further step, it proposes more detailed recommendations and examples for planning AI and education policies, aligned with the recommendations made in the 2019 Beijing Consensus on AI and Education. 
Mainstreaming SDG4-Education 2030 in sector-wide policy and planning: technical guidelines for UNESCO field offices Year of publication: 2016 Corporate author: UNESCO Mainstreaming SDG4-Education 2030 in sector-wide policy and planning offers technical guidelines for UNESCO field offices to ensure adequate technical support to national authorities. The guidelines take into account the different profiles of countries’ need and capacities, thus avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach. The document contains resources and pointers that can be combined and tailored to fit the particular context of each country. In all cases, UNESCO is expected to ensure that all the relevant information about SDG4-Education 2030 is properly disseminated in these guidelines. Field staff will adapt the guidelines provided here to the country they are serving to ensure that UNESCO plays its role as the leading United Nations agency in the field. 
How Human Rights Shape Social Citizenship: On Citizenship and the Understanding of Economic and Social Rights (Washington University Global Studies Law Review. Vol.13, No.2) Year of publication: 2014 Author: Ulrike Davy Corporate author: Washington University This Article reconceptualizes citizenship, a notion usually tied to the nation state, as “layered.” Human rights may serve as the international “layer” of citizenship, addressing nationals and non-nationals alike. It took some time, however, for “social” citizenship to emerge as a human rights issue and, hence, for human rights to become an international layer for social citizenship rights granted on the national level. Around 1993, states started to accept a human rights-based obligation toward the poor, requiring social policies to focus on targeted, individual welfare. Nowadays, poverty mitigation is the human rights core of “social” citizenship. Nowadays, poverty mitigation is the human rights core of “social” citizenship. 
Curriculum GlobALE: Competency Framework for Adult Educators Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: DVV International | German Institute for Adult Education, Leibniz Centre for Lifelong Learning | International Council for Adult Education | UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) This publication introduces Curriculum globALE, a basic com- petence framework for the training of adult educators worldwide. By providing a modular, competency-based framework and cross-curricular approach, Curriculum globALE is unique in its aim to professionalize adult learning and education (ALE) on an international scale, via the competencies that support adult educators to work in any educational setting, field or form.It strives to ensure that educators’ knowledge, competencies, skills and attitudes are of a professional standard.Curriculum globALE is suitable to different contexts and its character and structure enables its inclusion in diverse national education systems.Curriculum globALE aims to: enhance the professionalization of ALE by providing a common reference framework for adult learning programmes and a suggested standard of competencies for adult educators; support ALE providers in the design and implementation of ‘train-the-trainer’programmes; foster knowledge exchange and mutual understanding between adult educators worldwide. 
The Impact of COVID-19 on Inclusive Education at the European Level: Literature Review Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education | European Commission The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected learners around the world. School closures forced emergency responses from education systems, resulting in various forms of remote schooling. The crisis highlighted pre-existing inequalities in education and provided a reason for systemic change in education worldwide.This literature review aims to map evidence and identify acknowledged ways in which COVID‑19 has impacted on education in general and inclusive education in particular at European and national levels. The intention is to provide a comprehensive overview of key messages for Agency member countries. It will also inform possible future Agency work on this topic. 
Sub-Education Policy Review Report: Inclusive Education Year of publication: 2021 Corporate author: UNESCO Inclusion highlights opportunities for an equal involvement of individuals with disabilities (physical, social, and emotional) when possible into typical education, but leaves accessible the probability of individual selections and possibilities for special aid and accommodations for persons who need it. This review was initiated by UNESCO to inform the ongoing discourse about inclusive education within Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Philippine and Timur-Leste. Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) reinforces the importance of inclusive education which adheres nations to adopt the framework of action in providing inclusion and equity through education of children with perceived differences. The review contributes to the body of literature on inclusive education by synthesizing policy recommendations and evaluations and identifying contradictions and overlaps in those policies. This review draws upon UNESCO reports pertaining to inclusive education policies and initiatives. In addition, a systematic review of empirical studies on inclusive education policy (2010-2020) identified from related and major databases (Eric) is conducted. Both the UNSECO reports and empirical studies are analyzed based on the SDG4 and its targets pertaining to inclusion policy. 
Municipalities and Regions Take Action on Global Citizenship Education: The Road Towards 2030 Year of publication: 2021 Author: Aurèle Destrée | Tereza Čajková Corporate author: PLATFORMA | European Union (EU) Development Education and Awareness Raising (DEAR)/Global Citizenship Education (GCE) can cultivate the spirit of the 2030 Agenda because it helps acquiring missing knowledge on global interconnections and creates spaces for enquiries.Whilst old constraints still remain and new challenges are appearing, local and regional governments continue to innovate, experiment and work hand in hand with key partners, including with their peers across the globe, to find new solutions and achieve their ambitions.Discover in this publication how local and regional governments are active in supporting learning and fostering changes in a context of socio-economic recovery plans. 
Inequalities in Learning in Vietnam: Teachers’ Beliefs About and Classroom Practices for Ethnic Minorities (RISE Working Paper Series; 21/061) Year of publication: 2021 Author: Joan DeJaeghere | Vu Dao | Bich-Hang Duong | Phuong Luong Corporate author: Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE) Global and national education agendas are concerned with improving quality and equality of learning outcomes. This paper provides an analysis of the case of Vietnam, which is regarded as having high learning outcomes and less inequality in learning. But national data and international test outcomes may mask the hidden inequalities that exist between minoritized groups and majority (Kinh) students. Drawing on data from qualitative videos and interviews of secondary teachers across 10 provinces, we examine the role of teachers’ beliefs, curricular design and actions in the classroom (Gale et al., 2017). We show that teachers hold different beliefs and engage in curricular design – or the use of hegemonic curriculum and instructional practices that produce different learning outcomes for minoritized students compared to Kinh students. It suggests that policies need to focus on the social-cultural aspects of teaching in addition to the material and technical aspects.