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Optimising learning, education and publishing in Africa: the language factor; a review and analysis of theory and practice in mother-tongue and bilingual education in sub-Saharan Africa Año de publicación: 2011 Autor: Adama Ouane | Christine Glanz Autor corporativo: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) | Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) This analytical review consists of three sections. The first section lays the theoretical foundations and is covered by Ekkehard Wolff and Kathleen Heugh: 1) language politics and planning in the light of development and 2) theories of bi- and multilingual education models and their implementation in the African context. A second section analyses teaching practices and classroom interaction in schools in two chapters by Birgit Brock-Utne and Hassana Alidou. This is followed by a review of the use of African languages in literacy and non-formal education by Hassana Alidou1 . Next, a review study by Kathleen Heugh addresses the critical issue of costs by assessing the costs related to implementing mother tongue and strong bilingual education programmes. Finally, the third section explores the role of locally-based multilingual publishing in supporting and promoting African languages and developing the language industries and the creative sector. Here, Yaya Satina Diallo from Guinea and Peter Reiner2 from Namibia shed light on the promise and pitfalls of publishing in African languages.Each of these sections focuses on theoretical frameworks and specific strategies designed to optimise learning and education in multilingual Africa. The language issue is dealt with at the levels of: policy and development; costing and financing; educational reform and governance; education models; classroom interaction; formal and non-formal education settings; literacy and publishing. Optimiser l'apprentissage, l'éducation et l'édition en Afrique: le facteur langue; étude bilan sur la théorie et la pratique de l'enseignement en langue maternelle et l'éducation bilingue en Afrique subsaharienne Año de publicación: 2011 Autor: Adama Ouane | Christine Glanz Autor corporativo: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) | Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) This analytical review consists of three sections. The first section lays the theoretical foundations and is covered by Ekkehard Wolff and Kathleen Heugh: 1) language politics and planning in the light of development and 2) theories of bi- and multilingual education models and their implementation in the African context. A second section analyses teaching practices and classroom interaction in schools in two chapters by Birgit Brock-Utne and Hassana Alidou. This is followed by a review of the use of African languages in literacy and non-formal education by Hassana Alidou1 . Next, a review study by Kathleen Heugh addresses the critical issue of costs by assessing the costs related to implementing mother tongue and strong bilingual education programmes. Finally, the third section explores the role of locally-based multilingual publishing in supporting and promoting African languages and developing the language industries and the creative sector. Here, Yaya Satina Diallo from Guinea and Peter Reiner2 from Namibia shed light on the promise and pitfalls of publishing in African languages.Each of these sections focuses on theoretical frameworks and specific strategies designed to optimise learning and education in multilingual Africa. The language issue is dealt with at the levels of: policy and development; costing and financing; educational reform and governance; education models; classroom interaction; formal and non-formal education settings; literacy and publishing. 
Unmasking Racism: Guidelines for Educational Materials Año de publicación: 2024 Autor corporativo: UNESCO These Guidelines developed by UNESCO provide recommendations on how to combat racism in textbooks and to develop learning materials that are free of prejudice and bias and do not perpetuate stereotypes or legitimize unequal social structures. Through a comprehensive analysis of recent studies of textbooks and other educational materials, the guide also demonstrates how countries around the world address racism and racialization. It increases awareness and improves our understanding of how racism manifests in educational materials, and aims to support education stakeholders to promote just, peaceful and multicultural societies. 
Fostering peaceful co-existence through analysis and revision of history curricula and textbooks in Southeast Europe: preliminary stocktaking report Año de publicación: 2006 Autor: Jean Damascène Gasanabo | Jade Maître Autor corporativo: UNESCO To accomplish this aim, the study reviews policies and processes for developing history curricula and producing history textbooks in ten participating countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Romania, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia and The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). The resulting report has been compiled for the dual purpose of (1) presenting a composite picture of the educational policies and practices in these countries with regard to history teaching and textbook production, distribution and use; (2) laying the groundwork for the development of national and/or sub-regional initiatives aimed at improving the processes currently in place. Holocaust education and human rights: Holocaust discussions in social science textbooks worldwide, 1970-2008 This paper examines discussions of the Holocaust in 465 secondary school social science textbooks (history, civics, and social studies) from 69 countries published between 1970 and 2008. It finds that textbooks from Western countries are more likely to discuss the Holocaust early on, but the rate is increasing in other regions of the world. Moreover, these discussions are increasingly framed in terms of a universal violation of human rights. Today, over half of Holocaust discussions in textbooks use the language of human rights or a crime against humanity. I argue the shift towards more abstract discourse depicting some events as culturally relevant worldwide reflects the construction of a globalized culture and society. (By the author) Problematic Portrayals and Contentious Content: Representations of the Holocaust in English History Textbooks This article reports on a study about the ways in which the Holocaust is portrayed in four school history textbooks in England. It offers detailed analysis and critical insights into the content of these textbooks, which are commonly used to support the teaching of this compulsory aspect of the history National Curriculum to pupils aged eleven to fourteen. The study draws on a recent national report based on the responses of more than 2,000 teachers and explicitly uses the education guidelines of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) as a benchmark against which to evaluate the textbook content. It identifies a number of potentially alarming findings where two themes predominate: a common tendency for textbooks to present an “Auschwitz-centric” “perpetrator narrative” and a widespread failure to sensitively present Jewish life and agency before, during and after the war. Ultimately, the article calls for the improvement of textbook content, but equally recognizes the need for teachers to be knowledgeable, judicious and critical when using textbooks in their classrooms. (By the author) 
Wie Vergangenheit neu erzählt wird - Der Umgang mit der NS-Zeit in österreichischen Schulbüchern Which past should be remembered, and which is better forgotten? Ina Markova studies how the Nazi period is thematized or ignored in Austrian history textbooks. Especially the question about Austrian complicity in genocide and the war of annihilation was long ignored. Instead, positive – and thereby identity shaping – aspects of history were thematized. Ina Markova carefully analyses continuities and breaks, departures and "areas of silence", and pursues a number of larger questions: Which are the key images of Austrian memory? Do they fix authoritative perspectives on Austrian national identity? (By the publisher) National Socialism and the Holocaust in West German school books The author differentiates five phases of representation of the Holocaust in West German history books and lessons. Attempts to deal with the subject in a serious and comprehensive way in some post-war school textbooks were repressed in the 1950s. The students' movement, intensive research work and increased political attention on right-wing tendencies brought a change in the 1960s. New didactic methods such as source work and regional historical approaches were adopted, intended to give pupils greater insight into the individual areas of dictatorship and enable them to form their own opinion of the activities at that time. In the meantime, National Socialism is usually the area of German 20th century history dealt with in the most detail. The increasing distance in time to the period in question, the dissolution of the Socialist bloc, reunification and the multicultural nature of school classes have produced new teaching conditions, which on the one hand create a greater distance from the subject but on the other hand call for comparison of genocide, war and exile in the present time or from the history of other peoples. (By the author) Favoriser la coexistence pacifique par l'analyse et la révision des programmes et manuels d'histoire en Europe du Sud-Est: rapport préliminaire d'inventaire Año de publicación: 2006 Autor: Jean Damascène Gasanabo | Jade Maître Autor corporativo: UNESCO Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'étude examine les politiques et les processus d'élaboration des programmes d'histoire et de la production de manuels d'histoire dans dix pays participants: Albanie, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Bulgarie, Croatie, Grèce, Roumanie, Monténégro, Serbie, Slovénie et l'ancienne République yougoslave de Macédoine (ARYM). Le rapport qui en résulte a été compilé dans le double but de (1) présentant une image composite des politiques et pratiques éducatives dans ces pays en ce qui concerne l'enseignement de l'histoire et de la production de manuels scolaires, la distribution et l'utilisation; (2) jeter les bases pour le développement d'initiatives nationales et / ou sous-régionaux visant à améliorer les processus actuellement en place. The Presentation of the Holocaust in German and English School History Textbooks: A Comparative Study As textbooks are one way of teaching and influencing pupils’ learning, this paper aims to examine critically and compare the presentation of the Holocaust in English and German textbooks. To set the scene, the paper investigates the theoretical and methodological background of textbook analysis. This is followed by a description of the sample and method chosen for this study. The analysis concentrates upon the question of culpability for the Holocaust in German and English textbooks and reasons for this. The paper concludes by exploring the possible effects the presentation of ‘blame’ for the Holocaust has upon the pupils who read textbooks. (by the author)