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How Are Vocational Institutions Innovating, Evolving and Changing as a Result of COVID-19?: A Study of Practice and Perspectives in Five Countries Año de publicación: 2021 Autor corporativo: British Council As an international problem, Covid-19 requires international cooperation. The social, economic and educational recovery from the pandemic can be enhanced by knowledge transfer and exchange. This research brought together 15 technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions from the five countries in the British Council’s I-WORK Programme (Improving Work Opportunities - Relaying Knowledge) to explore innovation, evolution and change stemming from the pandemic. TVET practitioners and leaders from Ghana, India, Malaysia, South Africa and the UK were asked to reflect on five key questions: How are institutional policy and structures likely to change to reflect the changing situation? Is this different for private institutions? What changes are proposed to the curriculum/ occupational areas to reflect the rapidly changing demand and how are they identifying this demand? How will learners get the practical and work-based experience they need and what changes to work- based learning and apprenticeships are needed? What changes are needed to the skills and type of staff in the teaching institution? How can new delivery models and ways of working promote more inclusive practice? The research took place as institutions approached almost a year of adapting their teaching, learning and support to localised lockdowns and the restrictions of the pandemic. The national policy context may have been different in each country, but the research findings pointed to a single conclusion: that across the board, the move to digital learning and teaching had brought benefits, opportunities and challenges that might not otherwise have been realised. 
Foundations for Building Forward Better: An Education Reform Path for Lebanon Año de publicación: 2021 Autor corporativo: World Bank Human capital development is a critical determinant of economic growth, equity, and prosperity, but outcomes in this domain are worryingly low inLebanon, risking the future of generations of children. Lebanese children lag behind their peers in human capital development—measured accordingto the World Bank (2020c) Human Capital Index—suggesting that the future productivity of the labor force and the country’s trajectory for equitablegrowth is at risk (World Bank 2020b). The Human Capital Index indicates that children born in Lebanon today will reach, on average, only 52 percentof their potential productivity when they grow up. This is lower than the average estimates for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region(57 percent) and upper-middle-income countries (56 percent). Lebanon’s poor performance on the Human Capital Index is largely attributed to theeducation outcomes calculated for the index. If actual years of schooling, which average approximately 10.2 years in Lebanon, are adjusted for actual learning, effective years of schooling are 40 percent less—on average, only 6.3 years of actual learning (World Bank 2020b). The most recent school closures were due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with schools being closed over 75 percent of the school year between January 2020 and February 2021.1 This will likely lead to a further and significant decrease in learning: effectively, students are facing a lost year of learning (Azevedo et al. 2021). 
청소년문화 활성화를 위한 소셜 미디어 활용 연구 Año de publicación: 2015 Autor: 배상률 Autor corporativo: 한국청소년정책연구원 본 연구는 청소년 문화라는 키워드에 함축된 교육, 여가, 참여 등 청소년들의 전반적인 삶의 실태와 이들이 가지는 문제의식과 가치를 살펴보고, 청소년들을 위한 소셜미디어의 활용범위와 가능성을 탐구하는데 일차적인 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 통해, 청소년의 건전한 문화형성을 위한 효과적인 수단(tool)이자 소통의 장(field)으로 기여할 수 있는 무한한 잠재력을 갖고 있는 소셜미디어의 활용을 위해 우리 사회와 정부가 마련해야 할 정책 방안을 제시하는 것이 본 연구가 가지는 궁극적인 목적이다. 유해콘텐츠가 소셜미디어를 통해 급속히 확산되고 있는 상황에서, 청소년들은 선별적 규제를 위한 엄격한 기준 마련과 함께 집단지성이란 소셜미디어의 대표적 장점이 사회에 제대로 발현될 수 있도록 디지털 리터러시 역량을 키우는 것이 필요하다. 이를 위해, 본 보고서는 청소년의 디지털 리터러시 함양을 위한 학교단위의 미디어교육의 제도화 및 건전한 소셜미디어 사용을 위한 인터넷드림마을과 같은 캠프의 증설 및 운영의 확대를 제언하였다. 또한 부모 교육 확대 및 정부 차원의 홍보노력도 개선될 필요가 있다. 본 저작물은 '한국청소년정책연구원'에서 '2015년' 작성하여 공공누리 제4유형으로 개방한 '청소년문화 활성화를 위한 소셜 미디어 활용 연구(배상률)'를 이용하였으며, 해당 저작물은 '한국청소년정책연구원 홈페이지(www.nypi.re.kr)'에서 무료로 다운받으실 수 있습니다. 
Education Sector Analysis: Methodological Guidelines (Vol. 3) Año de publicación: 2021 Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) | United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) | Global Partnership for Education (GPE) | Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (UK) This present volume is the third in a series of education sector analysis (ESA) guidelines following two volumes published in 2014. The series provides methodologies and applied examples for diagnosing education systems and informing national education policies and plans. This volume proposes guidelines to strengthen national capacities in analyzing education systems in four areas: inclusive education system for children with disabilities, risk analysis for resilient education systems, functioning and effectiveness of the educational administration, and stakeholder mapping and problem-driven analysis (governance and political economy). 
Strengthening Independent Media, One Case at a Time: A Handbook for Media Vability; Preview of a Forthcoming IPDC Knowledge Resource Año de publicación: 2021 Autor corporativo: UNESCO “Strengthening Independent Media, One Case at a Time: A Handbook for Media Viability” will include case studies of innovative ideas from a wide variety of news media companies, mostly in the developing world, that are succeeding in difficult times and have lessons to share with others who are struggling. The handbook project was announced during the 65th meeting of the Bureau of the Intergovernmental Council of the International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC).This brochure includes highlights of some of the cases to be included, from community media in South Africa to a pure-play digital success in Indonesia, to a fact-checking network in Brazil to a covid response in Pakistan, and much more. The Handbook will be published in September 2021 and will be available for free on the website of the IPDC. 
التنوع الاثني في العراق : سوسيولوجيا التعدد في الوحدة Año de publicación: 2014 Autor: Rasoul Mutlaq Autor corporativo: Baghdad University تتناول الدراسة ظاهرة التعددية الثقافية في العراق من خلال التركيز عل ثلاثة محاور وهي المفهوم و التكوين الاثني وطرق التخلص من الاختلاف والتمييز العرقي. وتنتهي الدراسة بأن التعددية تنبذ التعصب وأن التعددية في العراق يجب أن تحترم. Ethnic Diversity in Iraq: The Sociology of Pluralism in Unity Año de publicación: 2014 Autor: Rasoul Mutlaq Autor corporativo: Baghdad University This study deals with the phenomenon of multiculturalism in Iraq by focusing on three axes, which are the concept, ethnic composition, and ways to get rid of difference and ethnic discrimination. The study concludes that pluralism rejects intolerance and that pluralism in Iraq must be respected. 
أساليب التنشئة الاجتماعية ودورها في التفاعل الاجتماعي الديمقراطي لدى الأبناء: دراسة ميدانية على عينة من تلاميذ الشق الثاني من التعليم الأساسي بمدينة المرج Año de publicación: 2018 Autor: Nabil Musa | Adel Abdul-Karim Autor corporativo: University of Benghazi محورت الدراسة حول موضوع "أساليب التنشئة الاجتماعية ودورها في التفاعل الاجتماعي الديمقراطي لدى الأبناء" دراسة ميدانية على عينة من تلاميذ الشق الثاني من التعليم الأساسي بمدينة المرج، وانطلقت الدراسة من هدف عام تمثل في التعرف على دور أساليب التنشئة الاجتماعية في التفاعل الاجتماعي الديمقراطي لدى الأبناء، وقد طبقت الدراسة على عينة بلغ قوامها 60 طالبا وطالبة، وبما أن توزيع مفردات العينة تم باتباع إجراءات العينة العشوائية الطبقية النسبة على أربع مدارس تم اختيارها بشكل عشوائي من مجتمع الدراسة؛ إلا أن اختيار مفردات العينة من الأربع مدارس تم من خلال إجراءات العينة العشوائية المنتظمة، وقد اعتمد الباحثان على استمارة المقابلة كأداة لجمع بيانات الدراسة، وبما أن الدراسة التي نحن بصددها تعد من الدراسة الاستكشافية فإنه تم استخدام الجداول الأحادية والنسب المئوية لتحليل معطيات الدراسة، وأسفرت عن الدراسة مجموعة من النتائج أهمها ما يأتي: 1- أكدت الدراسة على وجود مجموعة من الأساليب المتبعة داخل مجتمع الدراسة لتنشئة الأبناء، إلا أن أكثرها انتشارا الأسلوب السلطوي أي الأسلوب الذي يعتمد على العقاب والتهديد في التعامل مع الأبناء، حيث بلغت نسبة 45% من إجمالي الأساليب المتبعة داخل مجتمع الدراسة. 2- أوضحت الدراسة أن 72% من إجمالي أفراد العينة لا تهتم أسرهم بمشاركتهم الفعلية في مناقشة بعض القضايا الخاصة بالأسرة، الأمر الذي قد تترتب عليه نمو نمط الشخصية الإنسحابية التي تتميز بعدم تحمل المسؤولية، وتزداد خطورة هذه النتيجة خاصة إذا عرفنا أن 78% من إجمالي أفراد العينة لا يهتم والديهم بأخذ آرائهم حتى في اقتناء احتياجاتهم الخاصة. Methods of Social Upbringing and Its Role in the Social and Democratic Interaction of Children: A Field Study on a Sample of Second-grade Students of Basic Education in Al-Marj City Año de publicación: 2018 Autor: Nabil Musa | Adel Abdul-Karim Autor corporativo: University of Benghazi The study focused on the subject of "methods of socialization and its role in the social interaction of children." A field study was conducted on a sample of students in the second part of basic education in Al-Marj city. The study was applied to a sample of 60 students. Since the distribution of the sample items was done using the random stratified random sampling procedure, the ratio was randomly selected from the study community. However, the selection of the four sample items was done through The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool to collect the study data. Since the study in question is considered an exploratory study, the single tables and percentages were used to analyze the study data.The study resulted in a number of results, the most important of which are the following: 1. The study confirmed the existence of a set of methods used within the society of the study to raise children. However, the most prevalent is the authoritarian style, which is the method that depends on the punishment and the threat in dealing with children, as it reached 45% of the total methods used within the study community. 2. The study revealed that 72% of the sample members do not care about their families' actual participation in discussing some issues related to the family. This may lead to the growth of the withdrawal personality pattern, which is characterized by irresponsibility. This is especially dangerous if we know that 78% Their parents are not interested in taking their opinions even in acquiring their own needs. 
UNESCO Science Report: The Race Against Time for Smarter Development Año de publicación: 2021 Autor: Susan Schneegans | Tiffany Straza | Jake Lewis Autor corporativo: UNESCO This seventh edition of the report monitors the development path that countries have been following over the past five years from the perspective of science governance. It documents the rapid societal transformation under way, which offers new opportunities for social and economic experimentation but also risks exacerbating social inequalities, unless safeguards are put in place.The report concludes that countries will need to invest more in research and innovation, if they are to succeed in their dual digital and green transition. More than 30 countries have already raised their research spending since 2014, in line with their commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals. Despite this progress, eight out of ten countries still devote less than 1% of GDP to research, perpetuating their dependence on foreign technologies.