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Addressing Violent Pasts through Education: A Policy Guide Año de publicación: 2025 Autor corporativo: UNESCO Teaching about violent pasts and their legacies is a powerful way to foster sustainable peace.Education can build a nuanced understanding of complex histories, raise awareness of the roots and legacies of violence, nationally and internationally, and sensitize learners for their own agency as actors of change for reconciliation and conflict prevention.Educating about violent pasts is a challenging yet critical endeavour for policy-makers globally. It entails tailored approaches and an important support for educators to address traumatic pasts sensitively and to navigate related emotions and narratives successfully.Building on UNESCO’s programme on Global Citizenship Education, this guide offers education policy-makers a set of strategies, principles, and education practices to effectively integrate education about violent pasts into local education systems. It suggests a comprehensive approach that spans formal and informal education and aligns with the 2023 Recommendation on Education for Peace, Human Rights and Sustainable Development, opening new perspectives on history education, dialogue, and conflict transformation. @UNESCO Education for conflict prevention and peacebuilding: meeting the global challenges of the 21st century Año de publicación: 2012 Autor: Phyllis Kotite Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) The 21st century is witnessing global concern over the interrelated effects of climate change, the economic crisis, energy depletion, food and water shortages, natural disasters and conflicts all of which have devastating effects on humanity and the future of the planet. These events impact education systems and can impair the ability of governments to provide quality education for their citizens. However, when governments and ministries of education analyse and anticipate the risk of such events through careful planning, education can play an important role in preventing violent conflict, and in supporting peacebuilding efforts. An estimated 1.5 billion people live in countries affected by repeated cycles of political and other forms of violence, and the same population is often affected by hunger and poverty. Furthermore, such countries have difficulty meeting development goals. For example, no low-income fragile or conflict-affected country has yet achieved a single MDG (World Bank, 2011). In 2010 world military expenditures reached US$1.6 trillion as a result of fifteen ongoing conflicts (SIPRI, 2011). Yet, it is estimated that only US$16 billion is needed to fill the education gap to reach the EFA goals (UNESCO, 2011b: 11). This paper argues that we have the knowledge, legal instruments and mechanisms to prevent conflict and to transfer resources to sustainable development and education to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The paper describes a range of conflict prevention initiatives and examines the role of policy-makers, youth, women, and the media in maintaining and restoring peace as part of a holistic vision of education. International institutions, governments and civil society are increasingly developing conflict prevention mechanisms and utilizing political and economic incentives to avoid conflicts. They are also creating new technology for sustainable development, adaptation to climate change and renewable forms of energy. Educational planning must therefore go beyond traditional mechanisms. It must take into consideration the unpredictable nature of our times; be flexible and rapid in implementation and responsive to local needs. Training and research in sustainable development; and skills for peaceful inter-human relations, good governance, the prevention of conflict and peacebuilding are priorities elaborated in the paper. In addition, specific recommendations are highlighted such as: capacity development for conflict prevention within the education sector and other ministries, analysing the root causes of conflict and the role that education can play in mitigating tensions. This paper is an elaboration of Chapter 1.2 of the IIEP-UNESCO Guidebook for Planning Education in Emergencies and Reconstruction (IIEP-UNESCO, 2010). A brief treatment of additional global challenges (e.g. water scarcity, food insufficiency, energy depletion and economic instability), which are beyond the educational focus of this paper, may be found in Annex I. @UNESCO Education for conflict prevention and peacebuilding: meeting the global challenges of the 21st century Año de publicación: 2012 Autor: Phyllis Kotite Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) Le 21ème siècle est témoin de préoccupation mondiale sur les effets interdépendants du changement climatique, la crise économique, l'épuisement de l'énergie, la pénurie de nourriture et d'eau, les catastrophes naturelles et les conflits qui ont tous des effets dévastateurs sur l'humanité et l'avenir de la planète. Ces événements influent sur les systèmes d'éducation et peuvent nuire à la capacité des gouvernements à fournir une éducation de qualité pour leurs citoyens. Toutefois, lorsque les gouvernements et les ministères de l'éducation analysent et anticipent le risque de ces événements à travers une planification minutieuse, l'éducation peut jouer un rôle important dans la prévention des conflits violents, et à soutenir les efforts de consolidation de la paix. On estime que 1,5 milliard de personnes vivent dans des pays touchés par des cycles répétés de formes politiques et autres de la violence, et la même population est souvent affectée par la faim et la pauvreté. En outre, ces pays ont des difficultés à atteindre les objectifs de développement. Par exemple, aucun pays à faible revenu fragiles ou touchés par un conflit n'a encore atteint un seul OMD (Banque mondiale, 2011). En 2010 dépenses militaires mondiales ont atteint US $ 1,6 trillions en raison de quinze conflits en cours (SIPRI, 2011). Pourtant, on estime que seulement 16 milliards $ US est nécessaire pour combler le déficit de l'éducation pour atteindre les objectifs de l'EPT (UNESCO, 2011b: 11). Ce document fait valoir que nous avons les connaissances, les instruments juridiques et des mécanismes de prévention des conflits et de transférer des ressources pour le développement durable et l'éducation pour relever les défis du 21e siècle. Le document décrit une série d'initiatives de prévention des conflits et examine le rôle des décideurs politiques, les jeunes, les femmes et les médias dans le maintien et le rétablissement de la paix dans le cadre d'une vision holistique de l'éducation. Les institutions internationales, les gouvernements et la société civile sont de plus en plus de développer des mécanismes de prévention des conflits et de l'utilisation des incitations politiques et économiques pour éviter les conflits. Ils créent également une nouvelle technologie pour le développement durable, l'adaptation aux changements climatiques et les énergies renouvelables. Planification de l'éducation doit donc aller au-delà des mécanismes traditionnels. Il doit prendre en considération la nature imprévisible de notre temps; être flexible et rapide et répondre aux besoins locaux. Formation et recherche dans le développement durable; et les compétences pour les relations inter-humaines pacifiques, la bonne gouvernance, la prévention des conflits et de consolidation de la paix sont des priorités élaborées dans le document. En outre, des recommandations spécifiques sont mis en évidence, tels que: le renforcement des capacités de prévention des conflits dans le secteur de l'éducation et d'autres ministères, l'analyse des causes profondes des conflits et le rôle que l'éducation peut jouer pour atténuer les tensions. Ce document est une élaboration du Chapitre 1.2 du Guide de l'IIPE-UNESCO pour l'Éducation de la Planification en situation d'Urgence et de Reconstruction (IIPE-UNESCO, 2010). Why the World Needs Happy Schools: Global Report on Happiness In and For Learning Año de publicación: 2024 Autor corporativo: UNESCO Seeing a teacher smile. Hearing students laugh. Feeling a hug from a friend. Smelling fresh air. Tasting a nutritious school meal. These five senses can stimulate happiness at school and improve the learning experiences, outcomes and well-being of students. Through the ‘Happy Schools’ initiative, UNESCO is placing happiness at the core of the transformation of education. It encourages education systems to recognize happiness as both a means to and a goal of quality learning. The initiative is informed by a growing evidence base linking happiness with better learning, teaching, well-being and overall system resilience. This report presents the UNESCO global Happy Schools framework consisting of 4 pillars – people, process, place and principles – and 12 high-level criteria to guide the transformation of learning. It offers a holistic model for embedding happiness into education policies and cultivating it in schools through systemic changes. The report illustrates how the ‘Happy Schools’ initiative aims to create top-down and bottom-up transformation, encouraging governments to recognize happiness as a core objective of education. It supports the scaling of promising practices of joyful learning from the school to the policy level. Mainstreaming Social and Emotional Learning in Education Systems: Policy Guide; Highlights Año de publicación: 2024 Autor corporativo: UNESCO UNESCO’s policy guide unpacks social and emotional learning (SEL) as a broadening of the educational process, from a focus on cognitive aspects to a balance between cognitive, social and emotional, and behavioural dimensions of learning, putting forward initial action ideas to guide its systematic mainstreaming in education. It builds on and extends previous work undertaken by UNESCO on SEL from the perspective of Global Citizenship Education (GCED) and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), Building Strong Foundations for Health and Well-being Education, the Happy Schools Framework, and in multiple UNESCO Offices and Institutes. Jeunesse et citoyenneté : une culture à réinventer: 23 recommandations pour redynamiser la culture citoyenne (Rapport d'information; No.648, 2021-2022) Año de publicación: 2022 Autor: Stéphane Piednoir | Henri Cabanel Autor corporativo: Sénat français Des sujets proches des préoccupations de la mission d’information ont été inscrits à l’agenda d’autres institutions et structures du Sénat  pendant cette mission d’information qui s’est déroulée du 1er décembre 2021  au 7 juin 2022. Cette convergence souligne l’importance de ces questions et  l’urgence de mesures destinées à réparer le lien entre les citoyens et les  institutions et, à travers l’éducation citoyenne de la jeunesse, à renforcer la  cohésion nationale et à préparer l’avenir de notre démocratie. Au terme de ses travaux, la mission formule vingt-trois  recommandations pour mieux éduquer et former à la citoyenneté, pour  encourager une citoyenneté active par l’engagement, et pour repenser les  pratiques démocratiques afin de rapprocher les citoyens – et plus particulièrement les jeunes – des institutions. Elle considère que ces questions doivent, à l’approche de la nouvelle  législature, constituer une priorité pour les pouvoirs publics. The Impact of Holocaust education: how to assess policies and practices? International Seminar, 27 January 2014, UNESCO, Paris; Report Año de publicación: 2014 Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE) | Georg Eckert Institute for International Textbook Research (Germany) | Hungary. Permanent Delegation to UNESCO UNESCO, which is charged with “promoting awareness of Holocaust remembrance through education” by resolution 34 C/61 of its General Conference, marked the International Day of Commemoration in Memory of Victims of the Holocaust on 27 January 2014 by convening an international seminar for members of the global community who are involved with and committed to this mandate. The event, titled “The Impact of Holocaust Education: How to Assess Policies and Practices”, aimed at highlighting current practices and debates in the field of research in Holocaust education. It was organized in partnership between UNESCO, including its International Bureau of Education, and the Georg Eckert Institute for International Textbook Studies with the support of the Delegation of Hungary to UNESCO. Guidelines for education sector plan preparation Año de publicación: 2015 Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) | Global Partnership for Education (GPE) At the World Education Forum, in Dakar in 2000, the international community pledged that no country with a credible plan to achieve the Education for All goals would be thwarted by a lack of resources. Since then, the development of an education sector plan (ESP) has become a priority in many countries. ESPs present the policies and strategies for national education reform, and are a powerful tool for coordinating partners and for mobilizing additional domestic and external resources. They have become a critical instrument for governments to signal to all potential investors that their education policies are credible, sustainable, and worthy of investment. The consensus on the need for credible ESPs is strong. However, what does a credible plan require in terms of government leadership, knowledge and data, institutional and human capacities, and dialogue among the education stakeholders? What are the criteria that establish the credibility of a plan?The purpose of these guidelines is to assist countries in preparing credible education sector plans. A second document, Guidelines for Education Sector Plan Appraisal, can be utilized to check whether the plan responds to the expected requirements. In certain contexts of vulnerability, confl ict, or crisis, countries may also consider the development of a transitional education plan, more short-term and action-oriented, and adjusted to the context and available capacities for situation analysis and data requirements. Specifi c guidelines are being prepared. However references to fragile contexts or vulnerability situations are streamlined in these guidelines. These guidelines are not exhaustive. They should be adapted to country contexts and needs. They present an overview of sector analysis, consultative processes, policy reform, strategy development, plan implementation, and monitoring. They do not replace technical manuals on specific tools and methodologies that are used at the various steps of the development of a plan. Guide pour la préparation d'un plan sectoriel d'éducation Año de publicación: 2015 Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) | Global Partnership for Education (GPE) At the World Education Forum, in Dakar in 2000, the international community pledged that no country with a credible plan to achieve the Education for All goals would be thwarted by a lack of resources. Since then, the development of an education sector plan (ESP) has become a priority in many countries. ESPs present the policies and strategies for national education reform, and are a powerful tool for coordinating partners and for mobilizing additional domestic and external resources. They have become a critical instrument for governments to signal to all potential investors that their education policies are credible, sustainable, and worthy of investment. The consensus on the need for credible ESPs is strong. However, what does a credible plan require in terms of government leadership, knowledge and data, institutional and human capacities, and dialogue among the education stakeholders? What are the criteria that establish the credibility of a plan? The purpose of these guidelines is to assist countries in preparing credible education sector plans. A second document, Guidelines for Education Sector Plan Appraisal, can be utilized to check whether the plan responds to the expected requirements. In certain contexts of vulnerability, confl ict, or crisis, countries may also consider the development of a transitional education plan, more short-term and action-oriented, and adjusted to the context and available capacities for situation analysis and data requirements. Specifi c guidelines are being prepared. However references to fragile contexts or vulnerability situations are streamlined in these guidelines. These guidelines are not exhaustive. They should be adapted to country contexts and needs. They present an overview of sector analysis, consultative processes, policy reform, strategy development, plan implementation, and monitoring. They do not replace technical manuals on specifi c tools and methodologies that are used at the various steps of the development of a plan. Guidelines for education sector plan appraisal Año de publicación: 2015 Autor corporativo: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) | Global Partnership for Education (GPE) At the World Education Forum, in Dakar in 2000, the international community pledged that no country with a credible plan to achieve the Education for All goals would be thwarted by a lack of resources. Since then, the development of an education sector plan (ESP) has become a priority in many countries. ESPs present the policies and strategies for national education reform, and are a powerful tool for coordinating partners and for mobilizing additional domestic and external resources. They have become a critical instrument for governments to signal to all potential investors that their education policies are credible, sustainable, and worthy of investment.The consensus on the need for credible ESPs is strong. However, what does a credible plan require in terms of government leadership, knowledge and data, institutional and human capacities, and dialogue among the education stakeholders? What are the criteria that establish the credibility of a plan? The purpose of these guidelines is to assist education stakeholders in appraising the soundness, relevance, and coherence that form the credibility of ESPs. The primary objective of an appraisal report is to support the finalization of a credible ESP. It provides a fair review of the ESP strengths and areas in need of improvement before the endorsement by partners which signifies their commitment to support the implementation of the ESP. These guidelines are meant to be adapted to national contexts and needs. The stakeholders should discuss the scope and the methodology of the appraisal to be used, and develop a common vision of the whole process. The appraisal process should be participatory, and grounded in the political and technical dialogue for ESP development. It should involve consultations, interviews with key stakeholders, and field visits, in addition to a desk review of the ESP and any other relevant documents. It is good practice to organize a validation workshop of the appraisal report’s findings, conclusions, and recommendations to feed into the ESP finalization. The appraisal process should occur early enough in the ESP development process to allow time for decision-makers to open consultations on these conclusions and recommendations in order to improve the final version of the ESP.