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์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์˜นํ˜ธ ํ™œ๋™, ๊ต์ˆ˜, ํ•™์Šต ๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

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2 ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ: ู…ู‚ุงุฑุจุฉ ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2016 ์ €์ž: Tareq Ziad Abu Hazeem ุชุคุตู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ, ูƒู…ุง ุชุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุจุงู„ุจุญุซ ูˆุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ โ€ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ: ุงู„ูˆุตู ูˆุงู„ู‡ุฏู ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉ, ูˆุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ, ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุชุทุงุจู‚ ู…ู‚ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ. โ€ุญูŠุซ ูŠูƒุชุณุจ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ, ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุถู…ู† ู…ู† ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ูˆู†ู‚ุงุดุงุช ูˆุทุฑูˆุญุงุช, ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ โ€ู‚ุตูˆู‰ ููŠ ุจู„ุฏุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ, ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ุณุนูŠู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุชูˆุถูŠุญ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ.โ€ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุงุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุจุงุญุซ ู…ู†ู‡ุฌ ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู†ุธู… ู„ุชุจูŠุงู† ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ, ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฌู…ุน โ€ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุญูˆู„ ู‚ุถุงูŠุง ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูˆุชุญู„ูŠู„ู‡ุง ูˆุฑุจุทู‡ุง ูˆุชูุณูŠุฑู‡ุง, ูู‚ุฏ ูˆุถู‘ุญุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุตู„ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ โ€ูˆุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ, ูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุชู…ุซู„ ุฃู‡ู… ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุดุนุจูŠุฉ, ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ูุฑุต ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ โ€ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุฏุนู… ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุฑุณุฎ ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุณูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณุฉ ู„ู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ. ูƒู…ุง ุจูŠู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ โ€ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงูŠุฌุงุจูŠุฉ ูˆุซูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ูˆู‚ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ุงู…ุฉ ุจูŠู† ู…ู‚ูˆู…ุงุช ู†ุดุฃุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ุงู„ูุงุนู„ุŒ ูˆุจูŠู† ู‚ูŠุงู… ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฅู† โ€ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ุจู…ุคุณุณุงุชู‡ุŒ ูˆุชู†ุธูŠู…ุงุชู‡ุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏุฑุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู†ุณูŠู‚ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠู… ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุŒ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุญุถูˆุฑุŒ ูˆู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉุŒ ูˆู‚ูˆุฉ ุณู„ุทุงุช โ€ู…ุคุณุณุงุชู‡ุง ุงู„ูุงุนู„ุฉ, ูˆูŠุญุฏ ู…ู† ุชุบูˆู‘ูู„ ุณู„ุทุงุชู‡ุง ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏุŒ ู„ุชุตุจุญ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ, ูˆุฅู† ุงู„ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฌู…ุงุนูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชู‡ูŠุฆุฉ โ€ุงู„ุฌู…ุงู‡ูŠุฑุŒ ูˆุชูˆุนูŠุชู‡ู… ุจุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุซุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชุทูˆูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ, ูˆุชูุนูŠู„ ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉู ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุญุชู…ุง โ€ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุฑู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ.โ€ ูˆู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุชูˆุตูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุชุญุฑุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ูƒู„ุงุณูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ู„ู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุฃุญุงุฏูŠุŒ ูˆูˆุญูŠุฏ โ€ุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠู…ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชู†ุณูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ ู„ุตุงู„ุญ ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠ.โ€ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ูุชุงุญูŠุฉ: ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ.  Civil Society and Building a Democratic Civil State: A Political Approach ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2016 ์ €์ž: Tareq Ziad Abu Hazeem The purpose of this study is to find a foundation for the concepts of the 'civil society' and the 'civil state'. It โ€Žexamines and compares both from different dimensions: description, purpose, objectives, history, the reality of the โ€Žcivil society and finally, to what extent they are similar. Most discussion is about civil society and civil democratic โ€Žstate, including studies, discussions and arguments, because of their importance in the Arab countries. In addition, โ€Žthis discussion seeks to clarify the role of civil society in building a democratic civil state. The researcher uses the โ€Žsystems analysis to point out the relationship between how active the civil society is and the establishment of the โ€Ždemocratic civil state. After collecting and analyzing related statistics, this study has shown how much the civil โ€Žsociety, the concept of democracy, and the state are related. The three represent the most important channels of โ€Žpublic participation. In addition, the activeness of the civil society increases opportunities of political participation, โ€Žsupports the values of democracy and citizenship, and enhances the sovereignty of law.The three are the major โ€Žcomponents of the civil state. The results have revealed a number of facts: (1) there is a strong positive relation โ€Žbetween the reasons behind the establishment of an active civil society and the establishment of the democratic civil โ€Žsociety. Furthermore, (2) the civil society, its institutions and organized units, its ability of social coordination have โ€Žcreated a strong state with powerful active institutions and limited the dominance of the society's powers over โ€Žindividuals. This has created a democratic civil state. (3) Individual and communicative will, increasing the public โ€Žawareness of the importance of modernization and development, as well as stimulating the role of the active civil โ€Žsociety lead to the development of a simple state to a democratic one. The study concludes with a major โ€Žrecommendation: the classical concept of the modern state as an independent uni-center of an isolated social โ€Žcoordination should be abandoned for the civil social organizations.โ€Ž