์๋ฃ
์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ๋ํ ์ดํด๋ฅผ ๋ํ๊ณ ์ฐ๊ตฌ, ์นํธ ํ๋, ๊ต์, ํ์ต ๋ฑ์ ํฅ์์ํฌ ์ ์๋ ๋ค์ํ๊ณ ์ ์ฉํ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์๋ณด์ธ์.
18 ๊ฑด์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๊ฒ์๋์์ต๋๋ค
ํํ, ์ธ๊ถ, ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด, ํ๋ ฅ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์์ , ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์ฑ, ์ง์๊ฐ๋ฅ๋ฐ์ ์ ์ํ ๊ต์ก ๊ถ๊ณ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2023 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: UNESCO ์ด ๊ถ๊ณ ๋ โ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด, ํ๋ ฅ, ํํ๋ฅผ ์ํ ๊ต์ก๊ณผ ์ธ๊ถ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์์ ์ ๊ดํ ๊ต์ก ๊ถ๊ณ (1974)โ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ํ์ฌ 2023๋
์ 42์ฐจ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์ดํ๊ฐ ์ฑํํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Asia-Pacific Living Heritage Lesson Plan 2023 ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2023 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: APCEIU | UNESCO Bangkok | International Information and Networking Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in Asia and the Pacific Region under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHCAP) In partnership with UNESCO Bangkok and ICHCAP (International Information and Networking Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region), APCEIU (Asia-Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding) carried out โBringing Living Heritage to the Classroom in the Asia-Pacificโ since 2020. As a part of this multi-year project, the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Living Heritage Lesson Plan Contest 2023, co-organized by UNESCO Bangkok, APCEIU, and ICHCAP was launched and 18 lesson plans from 10 countries โ Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, The Philippines, Singapore, and Viet Nam - were selected as follows. - Saykha Offering (Subject: English), Tsirangtoe Central School, Bhutan- Setting Up a Herbarium, Learning about Medicinal Herbs and their Cultural and Traditional Uses in the Community (Subject: Science/Grades 7โ9), Zilukha Middle Secondary School, Bhutan- Shamanistic Worship and Propitiation to the Spirits (Subject: Bhutan History and Civics and Citizenship Education/Grade 8), Bajothang Higher Secondary School, Bhutan- Beauty of Intangible Cultural Heritage (Subject: Foundations of College Art Education/ Freshman Year), Anhui Medical University, China- The Folk Custom of Building the Peace Kiln for the Mid-Autumn Festival in Jingdezhen (Subject: Mathematics/Grade 7), Jingdezhen No.13 Secondary School, China - When Xiabu Meets Batik (Subject: Art/Grade 5โ6), ChongQing Shuren Primary School, China- Agricultural Practices (Subject: Biology/Grade 8), Paramita Heritage School, India- Living Heritage โ Quilting in the Kalbelia Community of Rajasthan (Subject: Social Science/Grade 9), St. Stephen's Senior Secondary School, India- My City: Varanasi (Subject: Environmental Studies/Grade 2), Sunbeam School Lahartara, India - Bringing Back the Javanese Saka Calendar through Ethnomathematics (Subject: Mathematics/Grade 7โ12), Binus School Bekasi, Indonesia- Song, Play, and Dance (Subject: Interdisciplinary for Indonesian Language, Balinese Culture, Music and Physical Education/Grade 3), Green School Bali, Indonesia- Teaching Sound Wave with Sundanese Traditional Instruments (Subject: Physics/Grade 8), Binus School Bekasi, Indonesia- Wau โ The Malays Traditional Kite: Introduction, Wau Bulan Appreciation, Wau Making and Flying Workshop and Wau Corner (Subject: Traditional Games/Grades 4โ5), SMU (A) Tarbiah Islamiah (SABK), Malaysia- Himalayan Aromatic Incense-Making and Meditation Workshop (Subject: Economics and Social Studies/ Grades 8โ9, 11โ12), Pragati Pathshala, Nepal- Influence of Biodiversity on the Stability of Ecosystems (Subject: Science/Grade 10), Philippine Normal University Mindanao, The Philippines- Understanding the Nature of Religion: From the Perspective of the Tripeople (Christians, Muslims, & Lumads) of Kidapawan City, North Cotabato (Subject: Humanities and Social Sciences/Grade 12), Kidapawan City National High School, The Philippines- Bongsan Talchum that Helps the Community Become More Sustainable (Subject: Korean Language and Literature, Social Studies, P.E., Arts/Grade 6), Kimje Buk Elementary School, Republic of Korea- Exploring Community Gardens โ How and why are they so precious to humans? (Subject: Geography/Grade 9), Admiralty Secondary School, Singapore
๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ์ ํตํด ํค์ฐ๋ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์ฑ: 2023 ์ํ์ง์ญ ๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ ๊ต์ํ์ต๊ณํ์ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2023 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: APCEIU | UNESCO Bangkok | International Information and Networking Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in Asia and the Pacific Region under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHCAP) ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์ํ๊ต์ก์์ 2020๋
๋ถํฐ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ๋ฐฉ์ฝ์ฌ๋ฌด์์ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ์ํ๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ์ผํฐ(ICHCAP)์ ํ๋ ฅํ์ฌ ใ์์์ํํ์ ๊ต์ค์์ ๋ง๋๋ ๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ ์ฌ์
ใ์ ์ํํ์๋ค. ์ด ์ฌ์
์ ์ผํ์ผ๋ก, <2023 ์ํ์ง์ญ ๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ ๊ต์ํ์ต๊ณํ์ ๊ณต๋ชจ์ >์ ๊ฐ์ตํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด 10๊ฐ๊ตญ(๋คํ, ๋ง๋ ์ด์์, ๋ฒ ํธ๋จ, ๋ถํ, ์ฑ๊ฐํฌ๋ฅด, ์ธ๋, ์ธ๋๋ค์์, ์ค๊ตญ, ํ๋ฆฌํ, ํ๊ตญ)์ 18๊ฐ ๊ต์ํ์ต๊ณํ์์ ๋ชจ๋ฒ์ฌ๋ก๋ก ์ต์ข
์ ์ ํ์๋ค. ๋ค์์ ์์์ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด๋ค. - Saykha Offering (Subject: English), Tsirangtoe Central School, Bhutan- Setting Up a Herbarium, Learning about Medicinal Herbs and their Cultural and Traditional Uses in the Community (Subject: Science/Grades 7โ9), Zilukha Middle Secondary School, Bhutan- Shamanistic Worship and Propitiation to the Spirits (Subject: Bhutan History and Civics and Citizenship Education/Grade 8), Bajothang Higher Secondary School, Bhutan- Beauty of Intangible Cultural Heritage (Subject: Foundations of College Art Education/ Freshman Year), Anhui Medical University, China- The Folk Custom of Building the Peace Kiln for the Mid-Autumn Festival in Jingdezhen (Subject: Mathematics/Grade 7), Jingdezhen No.13 Secondary School, China - When Xiabu Meets Batik (Subject: Art/Grade 5โ6), ChongQing Shuren Primary School, China- Agricultural Practices (Subject: Biology/Grade 8), Paramita Heritage School, India- Living Heritage โ Quilting in the Kalbelia Community of Rajasthan (Subject: Social Science/Grade 9), St. Stephen's Senior Secondary School, India- My City: Varanasi (Subject: Environmental Studies/Grade 2), Sunbeam School Lahartara, India - Bringing Back the Javanese Saka Calendar through Ethnomathematics (Subject: Mathematics/Grade 7โ12), Binus School Bekasi, Indonesia- Song, Play, and Dance (Subject: Interdisciplinary for Indonesian Language, Balinese Culture, Music and Physical Education/Grade 3), Green School Bali, Indonesia- Teaching Sound Wave with Sundanese Traditional Instruments (Subject: Physics/Grade 8), Binus School Bekasi, Indonesia- Wau โ The Malays Traditional Kite: Introduction, Wau Bulan Appreciation, Wau Making and Flying Workshop and Wau Corner (Subject: Traditional Games/Grades 4โ5), SMU (A) Tarbiah Islamiah (SABK), Malaysia- Himalayan Aromatic Incense-Making and Meditation Workshop (Subject: Economics and Social Studies/ Grades 8โ9, 11โ12), Pragati Pathshala, Nepal- Influence of Biodiversity on the Stability of Ecosystems (Subject: Science/Grade 10), Philippine Normal University Mindanao, The Philippines- Understanding the Nature of Religion: From the Perspective of the Tripeople (Christians, Muslims, & Lumads) of Kidapawan City, North Cotabato (Subject: Humanities and Social Sciences/Grade 12), Kidapawan City National High School, The Philippines- Bongsan Talchum that Helps the Community Become More Sustainable (Subject: Korean Language and Literature, Social Studies, P.E., Arts/Grade 6), Kimje Buk Elementary School, Republic of Korea- Exploring Community Gardens โ How and why are they so precious to humans? (Subject: Geography/Grade 9), Admiralty Secondary School, Singapore
Global Citizenship Education in Australian Elementary Schools(Journal of Ethics; Vol. 137, No 1) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ํ์์ | ์ถ๋ณ์ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ํ๊ตญ์ค๋ฆฌํํ Global citizens think and act about the world as a universal community of borderless members who care for each other and are dedicated to taking care of the earth. Considering these visions and moral ideals, global citizenship education is an important goal and content of moral education. However, at present, we do not have a framework for dealing with global citizenship education in moral education. In this regard, Australia is the country we should pay attention to. Australia declared a national statement for global citizenship education in 2002. Since 2009, it has been reflected in the Australian curriculum. This article examines the historical development of global citizenship education in Australia, analyzes the current systems of global citizenship education system in primary schools, and investigates what Australia's approach to global citizenship education suggests for elementary moral education in Korea. In conclusion, we proposed three things. First, we must develop and apply a framework for the practice of global civic education in moral education. Second, we should emphasize the aspects of knowledge and understanding, skills and processing, behavior and participation as well as values and attitudes. Third, we must seek a balance between moderate global citizenship education and critical global citizenship education.
ํธ์ฃผ์ ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก(์ค๋ฆฌ์ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 137, No 1) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ํ์์ | ์ถ๋ณ์ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ํ๊ตญ์ค๋ฆฌํํ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ํตํด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ธธ๋ฌ๋ด๊ณ ์ ํ๋ ์ธ๊ณ ์๋ฏผ์ ์๋ก ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ๊ณ ์ง๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋๋ณด๋ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ ์๋ ๊ตฌ์ฑ์๋ค์ ๋ณดํธ์ ๊ณต๋์ฒด๋ก์์ ์ธ๊ณ์ ๊ดํด ์๊ฐํ๊ณ ํ๋ํ๋ ์ฌ๋์ ๋น์ ๊ณผ ๋๋์ ์ด์์ ๋๋ฌ๋ด๋ฏ๋ก, ์ธ๊ณ ์๋ฏผ์ฑ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ๋๋๊ต์ก์ด ๋ค๋ฃจ์ด์ผ ํ ์ค์ํ ๋ชฉํ์ด์ ๋ด์ฉ์ ํด๋นํ๋ค. 1960๋
๋๋ถํฐ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ๊ด์ฌ์ ๊ฐ์ก๋ ํธ์ฃผ๋ ํ๊ต ๊ต์ก์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ฒํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๊ตญ๊ฐ ์ฐจ์์ ํ๋ ์์ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฏธ 2002๋
์ ๋ฐํํ์๊ณ , ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต์์๋ โ์ธ๋ฌธํ๊ณผ ์ฌํ๊ณผํโ, ์ผ๋ฐ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ, ๋ฒ๊ต๊ณผ ์ฐ์ ์์๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ฃผ๋ ฅํ๋ ์ค์ด๋ค. ์ด์ ์ด ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ํธ์ฃผ์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ญ์ฌ์ ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํด๋ณด๊ณ , ํ์ฌ ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ฒด์ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ๋ฉฐ, ํธ์ฃผ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ๊ทผ๋ฒ์ด ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต ๋๋ ๊ต๊ณผ์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ฒ์ ์์ฌํ๋ ๋ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฌด์์ธ์ง๋ฅผ ๊ท๋ช
ํ์๋ค.
2023 ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2023 ์ ์: ๋ฐํ๋ณด | ๋ฐ๊ฒฝํฌ | ๊น์์ | ๊นํ๋ ฌ | ์์ ๋ฏผ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์์์ํํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ SDG 4.7 ๋ฌ์ฑ์ ์ํ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ดํ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ํจ๊ณผ์ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง์ ์ํ์ฌ, ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ์งํ(4.7.1)์ ๋ถํฉํ๋ฉด์ ๊ตญ๋ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ๊ณผ ์คํจ์ฑ์ด ๋ฐ์๋ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ดํ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ชจ์ํ๋ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ๊ตญ์ ์ฌํ๊ฐ SDG 4.7 ์ดํ ์ํฉ์ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋งํ๊ณ ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ์ถ๊ฐ ๋ถ์ํ๋ ํํธ, ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด๊ณ ๊ตฌ์ถ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ฐ์ฅ์ ์์์ ์๋๊ต์ก์ฒญ๋ณ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ์ฑ
์ดํ ์คํ๋ฅผ ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ํ์
ํ๊ณ , ์ด์ ํจ๊ป ์์ธ์๊ต์ก์ฒญ์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ์ฑ
์ฐธ์ฌ ํ๊ต ํน์ฑ์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ ์์ธ์ ์ค์ฆ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค.
2024 ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2024 ์ ์: ๋ฐํ๋ณด | ๋ฐ๊ฒฝํฌ | ๊ฐ์ง์ | ๊น์ข
ํ | ์ง์ ๋ฏธ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์์์ํํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ SDG 4.7 ๋ฌ์ฑ์ ์ํ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ดํ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋งํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์ํ๊ต์ก์์ด ๋ค๋
๊ฐ ์ํํด ์จ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ฐ์ฅ์ ์ ์๋ค. 2018๋
๊ธฐ์ด์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์์์ผ๋ก 2019๋
์๋ ์งํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ, 2020๋
์๋ ์งํ ์ ๊ตํ, 2021๋
์๋ ๊ด๋ จ ์ฌ๋ก๋ถ์, 2022๋
์๋ ๋๊ตฌ ๊ฐ๋ฐ, 2023๋
์๋ ์กฐ์ฌ ๋ด์ฉ ํ์ฅ์ ํตํด ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ดํ ํํฉ์ ๊ฒํ ํด ์๋ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ ์์ ๊ต์ก์ ์ฑ
, ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ , ๊ต์ฌ๊ต์ก, ํ์ํ๊ฐ ์์ญ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ดํ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง์ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฐฉํฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์ ์ํด ์จ ๋ฐ ์๋ค.๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ์ ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ ์ ์๋ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์งํ ์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ๊ฐ ์๋๊ต์ก์ฒญ์ ์ ์ฑ
์๋ฃ์ ์กฐ์ง ํํฉ์ ์์งํ๊ณ , ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๊ด๋ จ ์ฌ์
๋ฐ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๋น์ค์ ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ์ง์ญ๋ณยท์ฐ๋๋ณ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ์ฑ
์ดํ ํํฉ์ ๋น๊ตํ์๋ค. ๋ํ, 2015๋
SDG 4.7 ์ธ๋ถ๋ชฉํ ์ค์ ์ดํ ์ฒ์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ 2022 ๊ฐ์ ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ (์คํ๊ต)์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฐ์ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ํฅํ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ดํ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ์ ํ์ํ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋์ถํ๊ณ ์ ํ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ๋ฌธํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ตญ๋ด์ธ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฒํ ํ๊ณ , ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ ์๋ฌธ ๋ฑ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ์ฑ
๊ณผ ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ ์ฃผ๋ฅํ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ค ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค.
2022 ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ๋ฐํ๋ณด | ๋ฐ๊ฒฝํฌ | ์ต์์ | ๊ธธํ์ง | ์กฐ๋ํ | ์์ ๋ฏผ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์์์ํํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์์์ํํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์(์ดํ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์ํ๊ต์ก์)์ด ์ง์๊ฐ๋ฅ๋ฐ์ ๋ชฉํ4.7(SDG4.7) ์ ๊ตญ๋ด ์ดํ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋งํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ค๋
๊ฐ ์ค์ํด์จ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ผํ์ผ๋ก, ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฒด์ ๊ตฌ์ถ ๋ฐฉ์ ๋ชจ์์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ค. ํนํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ SDG4.7 ๋ชฉํ ์ดํ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง์ ์ด์ ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ํตํ ํ์ต์์ ๋ณํ์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ ๋๊ณ , ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ ์ฑ
, ๊ต์ฌ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ญ๋, ํ์ต์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์ญ๋์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ง ์ธก๋ฉด์์ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ชจ์ํ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ์ฐ์ ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์ํ๊ต์ก์์ด ๋ณธ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์ฐ๊ตฌ ์ ์ฐ์์ ์์์ ์ํํด ์จ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ ์ ์ํ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ฃผ์ ์์ญ๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋
ํ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ์ยท๋๊ต์ก์ฒญ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ดํ ์คํ์ ๋ณํ ์ถ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ๊ณ , ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ฃผ๋ฅํ๋ผ๋ ๊ด์ ์์ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ๋ฐฉ์์ ๊ดํด ๋
ผ์ํ์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์กด ํฌ์
์ค์ฌ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ๊ธฐ ์ํด, ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ดํ ๊ณผ์ ๊ณผ ์ฐ์ถ์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ด์ ์์ ๊ต์ฌ์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ์ญ๋๊ณผ ํ์ต์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์ฑ ์์ค์ ์ธก์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋ฌธํญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์๋ค. 