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Citizenship education in Latin America: Priorities of School Curricula 발행 연도: 2014 저자: Cristián Cox | Martín Bascopé | Juan Carlos Castillo | Daniel Miranda | Macarena Bonhomme 단체 저자: UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE) This work focuses on the curricula of six Latin American countries – Colombia, Chile, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Mexico and Paraguay – which at the close of the past decade agreed to be part of the project Regional System of Evaluation and Development of Citizenship Competencies (SREDECC). With the support of the Inter-American Development Bank, SREDECC developed the Latin American module of the International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS- 2009) undertaken by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), in addition to encouraging the participation of the countries in that study (Cox 2010; Schulz, Ainley, Friedman and Lietz 2011). This document comprises four parts. The first section takes stock of the state of democratic belief in the region, drawing upon the most significant opinion studies of the past decade, so as to offer broader meaning bases for curriculum analysis and, more generally, for educational work in the field of citizenship. The second section describes the organizational (or structural) characteristics of the curricula of the six countries and presents a framework of categories for their comparative analysis. The subsequent section describes and analyses the contents of the six curricula examined and how they deal with the values, institutions and citizenship relations in their civic (political) and civil (coexistence) dimensions. On the basis of the most significant findings, the closing section includes some reflections regarding curriculum development with regard to citizenship. Educación Ciudadana en América Latina: Prioridades de los Currículos Escolares 발행 연도: 2014 저자: Cristián Cox | Martín Bascopé | Juan Carlos Castillo | Daniel Miranda | Macarena Bonhomme 단체 저자: UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE) El documento se organiza en cuatro partes. En la primera se da cuenta del estado de la creencia democrática en la región, recurriendo a evidencia de los estudios de opinión más importantes de la última década, de modo de ofrecer contexto y bases de significado amplios al análisis curricular, así como, más en general, al trabajo educativo en el área de ciudadanía. En la segunda sección se describe las características organizativas (o de estructura) de los currículos de los seis países y se presenta un esquema de categorías para el análisis comparado de los mismos. La sección siguiente describe y analiza los contenidos de los seis currículos examinados y su tratamiento de los valores, las instituciones y las relaciones de ciudadanía, en su dimensión cívica (política) y civil (convivencia). A partir de los hallazgos más importantes, la sección de cierre ofrece unas reflexiones orientadas al desarrollo curricular en el área. 
Echoing Voices: Tenth Anniversary of the Adoption of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity 발행 연도: 2011 단체 저자: UNESCO This founding text was the first to acknowledge cultural diversity as “the common heritage of humanity”. It is with great pride that UNESCO is commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Declaration. Commemorate – from the Latin cum memorare – means quite literally “to remember together” or “to remember with”. This collection is compiled the voices of all those who have contributed to the heightening of human awareness by throwing into relief the inestimable value of cultural diversity. These excerpts from books, articles and statements by global intellectual and political leaders, artists and Nobel Prize-winners all call for the safeguarding of cultural diversity, which is inseparable from respect for human dignity. Their voices resound in bearing witness to the strength of cultural diversity and to its capacity to enlighten the minds of women and men. We are duty-bound to ensure that it is central to public policies and a resource for development and dialogue among nations. The United Nations was born of the determination of men and women “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war...”. In accordance with that principle, UNESCO was established on a key idea, expressed at the very beginning of its Constitution: “... since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed”. In the world today, globalized, connected and interdependent as never before, this mission is more vital than ever. The rapprochement of peoples and cultures requires a commensurately global awareness. Cultural diversity has always been at the heart of international relations. It is also, increasingly, a feature of the contemporary mixed and plural societies in which we live. In view of this reality, we must formulate appropriate public policies and rethink the mechanisms of social cohesion and civic participation. How can we build common ground on the basis of such diversity? How can we construct genuine moral and intellectual solidarity of humanity? Any new vision of humanism must be grounded itself in the dynamism and diversity of cultural heritage. It is a source of inspiration and knowledge to be shared and a means of broadening our horizons. The goal of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity is to provide keys and benchmarks for capitalizing on this wealth. There can be no sustainable governance if cultural diversity is not acknowledged. There can be no economic and social development if specific features of every culture are belittled and ignored. 
Resonancias: Décimo Aniversario de la Adopción de la Declaración Universal de la UNESCO sobre la Diversidad Cultural 발행 연도: 2011 단체 저자: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) This founding text was the first to acknowledge cultural diversity as “the common heritage of humanity”. It is with great pride that UNESCO is commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Declaration. Commemorate – from the Latin cum memorare – means quite literally “to remember together” or “to remember with”. This collection is compiled the voices of all those who have contributed to the heightening of human awareness by throwing into relief the inestimable value of cultural diversity. These excerpts from books, articles and statements by global intellectual and political leaders, artists and Nobel Prize-winners all call for the safeguarding of cultural diversity, which is inseparable from respect for human dignity. Their voices resound in bearing witness to the strength of cultural diversity and to its capacity to enlighten the minds of women and men. We are duty-bound to ensure that it is central to public policies and a resource for development and dialogue among nations. The United Nations was born of the determination of men and women “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war...”. In accordance with that principle, UNESCO was established on a key idea, expressed at the very beginning of its Constitution: “... since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed”. In the world today, globalized, connected and interdependent as never before, this mission is more vital than ever. The rapprochement of peoples and cultures requires a commensurately global awareness. Cultural diversity has always been at the heart of international relations. It is also, increasingly, a feature of the contemporary mixed and plural societies in which we live. In view of this reality, we must formulate appropriate public policies and rethink the mechanisms of social cohesion and civic participation. How can we build common ground on the basis of such diversity? How can we construct genuine moral and intellectual solidarity of humanity? Any new vision of humanism must be grounded itself in the dynamism and diversity of cultural heritage. It is a source of inspiration and knowledge to be shared and a means of broadening our horizons. The goal of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity is to provide keys and benchmarks for capitalizing on this wealth. There can be no sustainable governance if cultural diversity is not acknowledged. There can be no economic and social development if specific features of every culture are belittled and ignored. Résonances: Dixième Anniversaire de l'Adoption de la Déclaration Universelle de l'UNESCO sur la Diversité Culturelle 발행 연도: 2011 단체 저자: UNESCO This founding text was the first to acknowledge cultural diversity as “the common heritage of humanity”. It is with great pride that UNESCO is commemorating the 10th anniversary of the Declaration. Commemorate – from the Latin cum memorare – means quite literally “to remember together” or “to remember with”. This collection is compiled the voices of all those who have contributed to the heightening of human awareness by throwing into relief the inestimable value of cultural diversity. These excerpts from books, articles and statements by global intellectual and political leaders, artists and Nobel Prize-winners all call for the safeguarding of cultural diversity, which is inseparable from respect for human dignity. Their voices resound in bearing witness to the strength of cultural diversity and to its capacity to enlighten the minds of women and men. We are duty-bound to ensure that it is central to public policies and a resource for development and dialogue among nations. The United Nations was born of the determination of men and women “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war...”. In accordance with that principle, UNESCO was established on a key idea, expressed at the very beginning of its Constitution: “... since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed”. In the world today, globalized, connected and interdependent as never before, this mission is more vital than ever. The rapprochement of peoples and cultures requires a commensurately global awareness. Cultural diversity has always been at the heart of international relations. It is also, increasingly, a feature of the contemporary mixed and plural societies in which we live. In view of this reality, we must formulate appropriate public policies and rethink the mechanisms of social cohesion and civic participation. How can we build common ground on the basis of such diversity? How can we construct genuine moral and intellectual solidarity of humanity? Any new vision of humanism must be grounded itself in the dynamism and diversity of cultural heritage. It is a source of inspiration and knowledge to be shared and a means of broadening our horizons. The goal of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity is to provide keys and benchmarks for capitalizing on this wealth. There can be no sustainable governance if cultural diversity is not acknowledged. There can be no economic and social development if specific features of every culture are belittled and ignored. 
Measurement of global citizenship education 발행 연도: 2013 저자: Vegard Skirbekk | Michaela Potančoková | Marcin Stonawski 단체 저자: UNESCO In this study we provide an overview of Global Citizenship Education, focusing on definitions, methodological advances and data. We present an assessment of some of the existing initiatives for the measurement Global Citizenship Education, and make suggestions for how to move towards a globally consistent measure. Although there is some disagreement over how to measure global citizenship and global citizenship education, we also find consensus on parts of the concept. We are proposing to construct a composite indicator consisting of three complementary levels – the societal level (e.g., the level of democracy; macro level indicators of openness), the supplier level (e.g., provision of education; availability of training relevant for global citizenship); and the receiver level (civic identity, values, skills and knowledge). We conclude that one potential cost-effective approach could be to integrate evidence from several nationally representative surveys, providing us with world-wide coverage. We also discuss the feasibility and benefits of this measurement approach as well as its challenges. Measurement of global citizenship education 발행 연도: 2013 저자: Vegard Skirbekk | Michaela Potančoková | Marcin Stonawski 단체 저자: Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture (UNESCO) Dans cette étude, nous présentons un aperçu de l’Éducation à la Citoyenneté Mondiale, en se concentrant sur les définitions, les progrès méthodologiques et des données. Nous présentons une évaluation de quelques-unes des initiatives existantes pour la mesure d'éducation à la citoyenneté mondiale, et de faire des suggestions sur la façon de progresser vers une mesure cohérente au niveau mondial. Bien qu'il y ait un certain désaccord sur la façon de mesurer la citoyenneté mondiale et de l'éducation à la citoyenneté mondiale, on trouve aussi un consensus sur certaines parties du concept. Nous proposons de construire un indicateur composite constitué de trois niveaux complémentaires - le niveau de la société (par exemple, le niveau de la démocratie, les indicateurs macro-niveau d'ouverture), le niveau des fournisseurs (par exemple, la fourniture de l'éducation, la disponibilité de la formation pertinente à la citoyenneté mondiale) ; et le niveau du récepteur (identité civique, les valeurs, les compétences et les connaissances). Nous concluons qu'une approche potentielle rentable pourrait être d'intégrer des preuves de plusieurs enquêtes représentatives au niveau national, nous fournissant une couverture mondiale. Nous discutons aussi la faisabilité et les avantages de cette approche de mesures ainsi que ses défis. National identity and xenophobia in an ethnically divided society 발행 연도: 2005 저자: Noah Lewin Epstein | Asaf Levanon 단체 저자: UNESCO Recent studies have suggested that national identity is empirically related to negative sentiments of individuals towards foreigners. This type of analysis has hitherto been based on the notion that xenophobia is shaped by the specific nature of national identity in a given society. Representing a stronger and more exclusive perception of national identity, ethnic national identity (compared with civic national identity) is expected in this line of research to result in less favourable perceptions of immigrants. In this paper we expand this approach by arguing that, in deeply divided societies, national identity itself may have different meanings among different social groups. L'identité nationale et la xénophobie dans une société ethniquement divisée 발행 연도: 2005 저자: Noah Lewin Epstein | Asaf Levanon 단체 저자: UNESCO Des études récentes ont suggéré que l'identité nationale est empiriquement associée à des sentiments négatifs des individus envers les étrangers. Ce type d'analyse a été jusqu'ici fondée sur la notion que la xénophobie est façonnée par la nature spécifique de l'identité nationale dans une société donnée. Représenter une perception plus forte et plus exclusive de l'identité nationale, l'identité nationale ethnique (par rapport à l'identité nationale civique) est attendue dans cette ligne de recherche pour aboutir à la perception moins favorable des immigrants. Dans cet article, nous étendre cette approche en faisant valoir que, dans les sociétés profondément divisées, l'identité nationale elle-même peut avoir des significations différentes entre les différents groupes sociaux. Education, diversité et cohésion sociale en Méditerranée occidentale 발행 연도: 2010 저자: Sobhi Tawil | Abdeljalil Akkari | Bouthaïna Azami 단체 저자: UNESCO La diversité culturelle constitue une caractéristique essentielle des différentes sociétés de la région de la Méditerranée occidentale où une multitude de traditions religieuses et culturelles se sont côtoyées et réciproquement influencées, créant ainsi une mosaïque sociale particulièrement intéressante. Or, la diversité, source de créativité et d'enrichissement culturel, peut aussi amener à renforcer les tensions sociales et creuser les divisions, menaçant ainsi la cohésion sociale à l'intérieur des sociétés comme entre les pays de la région. En effet, des événements récents ont attiré l'attention sur des tensions sociales et politiques liées à l'identité et à la cohésion sociale dans un contexte de mondialisation, d’accroissement des disparités des niveaux de développement économique entre les deux rives de la Méditerranée occidentale et de diversification grandissante des flux migratoires, contexte trop souvent marqué, par ailleurs, par une exacerbation du phénomène de l’exclusion sociale, de la montée de la xénophobie et de l’extrémisme religieux. Conscients de l’importance de la contribution essentielle de l’éducation pour promouvoir un dialogue interculturel axé sur les principes d’équité, de justice, et de respect de la dignité et de la diversité culturelle, la Chaire UNESCO Droits de l’homme et éthique de la coopération internationale de l’Université de Bergame, le Bureau multipays de l’UNESCO à Rabat, et l’ISESCO ont conjointement lancé, en 2007, le projet Education, diversité et cohésion sociale en Méditerranée occidentale. Le projet s’inscrit dans une dynamique de recherche, de dialogue et d’action, renforçant ainsi les efforts de chacun des trois partenaires visant à promouvoir la culture de la justice et de la paix. Cette recherche propose de nouveaux éclairages sur le rôle des systèmes éducatifs nationaux dans la promotion du respect de la diversité et le renforcement de la cohésion sociale, et esquisse des pistes d’action et de coopération. Nous formons le vœu que cet ouvrage commun, fruit des travaux de recherche se rapportant au projet, puisse contribuer à la promotion du respect de la diversité et de la cohésion sociale en Méditerranée occidentale.