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فيكف مهفت لا تنك اذإ ؟مَّلعتت نأ كل 발행 연도: 2016 단체 저자: UNESCO Key Messages:1. Children should be taught in a language they understand, yet as much as 40% of the global population does not have access to education in a language they speak or understand.2. Speaking a language that is not spoken in the classroom frequently holds back a child’s learning, especially for those living in poverty.3. At least six years of mother tongue instruction is needed to reduce learning gaps for minority language speakers.4. In multi-ethnic societies, imposing a dominant language through a school system has frequently been a source of grievance linked to wider issues of social and cultural inequality.5. Education policies should recognize the importance of mother tongue learning. 6. Linguistic diversity creates challenges within the education system, notably in areas of teacher recruitment, curriculum development and the provision of teaching materials.

If you don't understand, how can you learn? 발행 연도: 2016 단체 저자: UNESCO Key Messages:1. Children should be taught in a language they understand, yet as much as 40% of the global population does not have access to education in a language they speak or understand.2. Speaking a language that is not spoken in the classroom frequently holds back a child’s learning, especially for those living in poverty.3. At least six years of mother tongue instruction is needed to reduce learning gaps for minority language speakers.4. In multi-ethnic societies, imposing a dominant language through a school system has frequently been a source of grievance linked to wider issues of social and cultural inequality.5. Education policies should recognize the importance of mother tongue learning. 6. Linguistic diversity creates challenges within the education system, notably in areas of teacher recruitment, curriculum development and the provision of teaching materials.

Si no entiendes, ¿cómo puedes aprender? 발행 연도: 2016 단체 저자: UNESCO Key Messages:1. Children should be taught in a language they understand, yet as much as 40% of the global population does not have access to education in a language they speak or understand.2. Speaking a language that is not spoken in the classroom frequently holds back a child’s learning, especially for those living in poverty.3. At least six years of mother tongue instruction is needed to reduce learning gaps for minority language speakers.4. In multi-ethnic societies, imposing a dominant language through a school system has frequently been a source of grievance linked to wider issues of social and cultural inequality.5. Education policies should recognize the importance of mother tongue learning. 6. Linguistic diversity creates challenges within the education system, notably in areas of teacher recruitment, curriculum development and the provision of teaching materials.

Comment apprendre, quand on ne comprend pas? 발행 연도: 2016 단체 저자: UNESCO Key Messages:1. Children should be taught in a language they understand, yet as much as 40% of the global population does not have access to education in a language they speak or understand.2. Speaking a language that is not spoken in the classroom frequently holds back a child’s learning, especially for those living in poverty.3. At least six years of mother tongue instruction is needed to reduce learning gaps for minority language speakers.4. In multi-ethnic societies, imposing a dominant language through a school system has frequently been a source of grievance linked to wider issues of social and cultural inequality.5. Education policies should recognize the importance of mother tongue learning. 6. Linguistic diversity creates challenges within the education system, notably in areas of teacher recruitment, curriculum development and the provision of teaching materials.

Message de la Directrice générale de l'UNESCO, Irina Bokova, à l'occasion de la Journée internationale de la langue maternelle, 21 février 2017 발행 연도: 2017 단체 저자: UNESCO. Director-General, 2009-2017 (Bokova, I.G.) The Director-General of UNESCO, Irina Bokova gives messages on the occasion of International Mother Language Day.

Why and how Africa should invest in African languages and multilingual education: an evidence- and practice-based policy advocacy brief 발행 연도: 2010 저자: Adama Ouane | Christine Glanz 단체 저자: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) | Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) This advocacy brief seeks to show the pivotal role of languages in achieving such learning. It aims in particular to dispel prejudice and confusion about African languages, and exposes the often hidden attempt to discredit them as being an obstacle to learning. It draws on research and practice to argue what kind of language policy in education would be most appropriate for Africa.

¿Por qué y cómo Africa debería invertir en las lenguas africanas y la educación plurilingüe? Opúsculo de apoyo activo a una política basada en la práctica y en pruebas 발행 연도: 2010 저자: Adama Ouane | Christine Glanz 단체 저자: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) | Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) This advocacy brief seeks to show the pivotal role of languages in achieving such learning. It aims in particular to dispel prejudice and confusion about African languages, and exposes the often hidden attempt to discredit them as being an obstacle to learning. It draws on research and practice to argue what kind of language policy in education would be most appropriate for Africa.

Pourquoi et comment l'Afrique doit investir dans les langues africaines et l'enseignement multilingue: note de sensibilisation et d'orientation étayée par les faits et fondée sur la pratique 발행 연도: 2010 저자: Adama Ouane | Christine Glanz 단체 저자: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) | Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) This advocacy brief seeks to show the pivotal role of languages in achieving such learning. It aims in particular to dispel prejudice and confusion about African languages, and exposes the often hidden attempt to discredit them as being an obstacle to learning. It draws on research and practice to argue what kind of language policy in education would be most appropriate for Africa.

دور اللغة الأم في تعلم اللغة العربية الفصحى في المرحلة الابتدائية بالمدرسة الجزائرية 발행 연도: 2012 저자: Khaled Abdel Salam 단체 저자: Farhat Abbas Setif University ‫تهدف دراستنا إلى التعرف على تأثيرات اللغة األولى سواء كانت عامية عربية او قبائلية في تعلم اللغة‬ ‫المدرسية في مختلف البنيات اللغوية الصوتية والمفرداتية والتركيبية والنحوية والصرفية. وبالتالي الكشف إن كانت‬ ،‫عامال ميسرا في التعلم أو معرقال. و التعرف على االستراتيجيات المعرفية التي يستعملها المتعلمون في تعلمهم‬ ‫وعالقتها بأدائهم اللغوي في التعبيرين الشفوي والكتابي. ولتحقيق ذلك استعملنا المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فاخترنا‬ ‫عينتين بمجموع 90 تلميذا (45 ناطقا بالعامية العربية و45 ناطقا بالقبائلية). فطبقنا عليهما ثالث اختبارات، أحدهما‬ ‫شفوي على شكل مقابلة حول معلومات شخصية وصحية واآلخر كتابي حول المحافظة على البيئة، ومقياس حول‬ ،‫استراتيجيات التعلم. ولما حللنا محتوى االجابات واستخرجنا األخطاء اللغوية المنتشرة وصنفناها إلى مختلف األنماط‬ ‫وبعد حسابنا لتكراراتها و تحليلنا وتفسيرنا لها، توصلنا إلى النتائج اآلتية: ـ أن اللغة األولى سواء كانت عامية عربية‬ ‫او قبائلية قد أثرت بشكل كبير في كل بنيات اللغة الصوتية، التركيبية، النحوية والصرفية بشكل كبير حتى أصبحت‬ .‫لغة التعليم ال تختلف كثيرا عنها. لذلك استنتجنا أنه ال يمكن اعتبارها عامال ميسرا في التعلم‬ .‫ـ أن المتعلمين يستخدمون كثيرا استراتيجيات المراجعة للدروس واالستنباط أكثر من االستراتيجيات األخرى‬ .‫ـ أنه ال توجد عالقة بين االستراتيجيات المستعملة وأداء المعلمين باللغة المدرسية شفويا وكتابيا‬ ‫ـ وأنها ال توجد فروق ذات داللة إحصائية بين الناطقين بالعامية العربية و الناطقين بالقبائلية في البنية الصوتية لكن‬ ‫هناك فروقا دالة إحصائيا بينهما في البنيتين النحوية والصرفية لكنها تعود إلى عوامل اخرى ذاتية وبيداغوجية‬ .‫وأسرية‬ .‫واستنتجنا ان مستوى المتعلمين من العينتين بلغة التعليم لم يرتق إلى الكفاءات المنشودة في المنهاج المدرسي.

The Role of the Mother Tongue in Learning Standard Arabic at the Primary Stage in the Algerian School 발행 연도: 2012 저자: Khaled Abdel Salam 단체 저자: Farhat Abbas Setif University Our study has two mean objectives: To determine the first language consequences, whatever they are general, Arabic, or Kabyle, in the learning of school language at different vocabulary, singular, grammar, and, conjugation structures, therefore, exploring if they are helping factors in the learning process or hampering it. To identify the cognitive strategies used by the novices in their learning process in relation to their language performance and errors made in the oral and written expression. In order to deal with this situation, we utilized the descriptive analytical method, in which we had chosen randomly two samples composed of 90 scholars (45 scholars speaking general Arabic language, and 45 scholars speaking Kabyle language), on which we administered two tests, one in the form of an interview about personal and health informations, and the other one about the environment conservation. After, we had analysed the content of the responses, via the extraction of the language errors expanded, and categorising them to different styles or patterns, and computing their frequencies, and explaining them, we founded the following results: Whatever, the first language is general, Arabic or Kabyle, it has a big consequence over all the language structures, therefore, making the scholars language not different from them. According to these results, we can conclude that these factors are not considered as helping factors in the learning process. There is a tendency for the novices to utilize more, both of the revising strategies of courses and the deduction strategy compared to the others. there are no significant differences between scholars speaking general Arabic language and scholars speaking kabyle language in the vocabulary structure, but, there are significant differences between these two samples on the grammatical and conjugational structures, related to personal, pedagogical and familiar factors. According to these results, we can conclude that the language level of the novices on both samples is not related to the abilities required by the school system.

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