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Accountability from a Human Rights Perspective: The Incorporation and Enforcement of the Right to Education in the Domestic Legal Order 발행 연도: 2017 단체 저자: ActionAid International | Right to Education Initiative The aim of this paper is to reframe States’ political commitment to education under Education 2030 as a legal commitment the vast majority of States have already made under international human rights law. By recasting the content of SDG Four as part of the right to education, the legal obligations owed to that content can be invoked. This renders various elements of SDG Four, ifthe State in question has legally committed to the right to education and incorporated the right to education in their domestic legal orders, amenable to adjudication by competent mechanisms, offering the possibility of legal accountability through legal enforcement. 
Accelerating Progress: An Empowered, Inclusive and Equal Asia and the Pacific 발행 연도: 2019 단체 저자: UN. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN. ESCAP) | Asian Development Bank (ADB) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Accelerating progress: An empowered, inclusive and equal Asia and the Pacific responds to the theme of the 6th Asia Pacific Forum on Sustainable Development and the 2019 session of the high-level political forum on sustainable development.The report proposes a framework of four synergistic elements necessary to advance inclusion, empowerment and equality: rights and justice; norms and institutions; resources and capabilities; participation and voice. The need for action on all four fronts is illustrated by a deeper look at three pivotal challenges confronted by the region – (1) climate change and its potential to deepen inequality; (2) the urgent need to boost domestic resource mobilization; and (3) the need to strengthen social accountability and civic engagement. It draws out policy messages on how an empowerment-and-inclusion approach to policymaking can be fostered, including on addressing violence against women and girls. The report provides strong evidence that promoting empowerment and inclusion are necessary approaches to reduce inequality and accelerate progress towards a broad array of Sustainable Development Goals. It is a contribution to the ongoing national, regional and global dialogues on opportunities to empower people, ensure their inclusion and advance equality.The report is produced by the Asia-Pacific SDG partnership, comprising of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Asian Development Bank, and the United Nations Development Programme. 
International Higher Education: Shifting Mobilities, Policy Challenges, and New Initiatives 발행 연도: 2018 저자: Rajika Bhandari | Chelsea Robles | Christine Farrugia 단체 저자: Global Education Monitoring Report Team | Institute of International Education (USA). Center for Academic Mobility Research and Impact Cross-border mobility in higher education, while still referring to a minority of people, is a large phenomenon that is increasingly taking new forms, extending from students and faculty member mobility to the movement of educational programs and institutions, including the spread of online courses facilitated by improvements in technology. It is also a phenomenon with major implications in facilitating the flow and exchange of ideas and knowledge, improving practices, generating resources for receiving countries, and attracting talent. For that reason, the internationalization of higher education puts pressure on countries to develop a strategy that would maximize the education, political and economic benefits while minimizing the costs.Based on an in-depth review of research and existing data, this paper examines key issues in the internationalization of higher education, assesses broad consequences, and discusses a selection of the latest trends. The paper also provides an overview of the key policy challenges and options facing governments in low, middle and high income countries as they seek to internationalize their higher education sectors while also sending their top talent overseas to acquire a global education. 
Guidelines on the Development of Open Educational Resources Policies 발행 연도: 2019 단체 저자: UNESCO | Commonwealth of Learning Open educational resources (OER) – and to a greater extent, OER policies – can increase the quality and accessibility of teaching and learning as well as foster knowledge creation within a country.This publication provides detailed guidelines on how to develop systematic and effective policies on OER. Such policies are important to coordinate, strengthen and drive initiatives in a country; they involve government and institution actors on various levels working together to leverage OER toward achieving common goals under a national educational framework. OER policy provisions can be a part of a dedicated national masterplan, be under the framework of an overall education programme, or be elements incorporated into various strategies across multiple sectors.These guidelines lay out steps to review, analyse, develop, implement and monitor a context-relevant OER policy. They guide, but do not determine, what involved actors should do in a specific set of circumstances, providing a comprehensive framework for governments and institutions to set out vision and the scope of their policy.Each chapter introduces the purpose of the phase, provides background information and references practical examples for illustration. At the end of each chapter, specific tasks are set for the policy designer, which will help with the formulation of the final OER policy. 
Education for Sustainable Development: Learning for Change 발행 연도: 2014 단체 저자: UNESCO Jakarta The world continues to face a number of critical challenges: human-induced climate change, rapid depletion of natural resources, increasing frequency of natural disasters, spread of infectious diseases, loss of biodiversity, violation of human rights, increased poverty, and the reliance of our economic systems on patterns of mass consumption. These global issues are interdependent and demand a mode of development that balances the needs of environment, society, culture and economy and that shifts individual, group and industry activities towards more sustainable patterns. This move toward sustainability involves changing the fundamental attitudes and beliefs that guide our behaviour, and requires alternative ways of thinking, valuing and acting. Education is a vital for bringing about these changes. Our current knowledge base does not contain the solutions to contemporary problems – the search for sustainability will be a learning process. Only through education and learning will we discover new approaches toward a better future. 
Developing Holistic Indicators to Promote the Internationalization of Higher Education in the Asia-Pacific 발행 연도: 2018 저자: Da Wan Chang 단체 저자: UNESCO Bangkok The internationalization of higher education has been emphasized by the global community to improve access and quality in higher education (SDG4.3), as well as to achieve other global goals by promoting cross-cultural understanding and tolerance. Even though the internationalization of higher education has diverse dimensions, ‘student mobility’ has been a predominant indicator and there are conceptual and methodological challenges in the existing sources of data and statistics. In addition to student mobility, this document proposes a holistic set of indicators to capture other important dimensions of the internationalization of higher education, such as alignment with international normative instruments, international networking, governance and management, as well as the mobility of academics and programmes, etc. The suggested indicators are categorized into domains on two levels: system and institutional. It is hoped that this policy brief will help users better understand and adapt the indicators for use in their local contexts, so as to promote the internationalization of higher education. 
Международная научно-практическая конференция "Вода для устойчивого развития Центральной Азии" 발행 연도: 2018 단체 저자: Институт водных проблем, гидроэнергетики и экологии Национальной академии наук Таджикистана В настоящий сборник включены материалы Международной научно-практической конференции «Вода для устойчивого развития Центральной азии».В сборнике отражены современное состяние водных ресурсов Центральной Азии и перспективы устойчивого развития. 
Rethinking post-Soviet Society: Multiculturalism in Central Asia 발행 연도: 2014 저자: Nurlan Muminov, Zhasulan Orynbaev The article is devoted to the analysis of the post-Soviet society of Central Asia on the example of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan with reference to the phenomenon of multiculturalism. In addition, the authors will try to answer the following basic questions: what social problems do multinational and multicultural post-Soviet societies face? and how to solve interethnic and intercultural problems of societies of post-Soviet countries in the process of creating each of them their own unitary national state. Переосмысление постсоветское общество: мультикультурализм в странах Центральной Азии 발행 연도: 2014 저자: Nurlan Muminov, Zhasulan Orynbaev Статья посвящена анализу постсоветского общества Центральной Азии на примере Узбекистана и Казахстана со ссылкой на феномен мультикультурности. Кроме того, вавторы постараются ответить на следующие основные вопросы: какими общественными проблемами сталкиваются многонациональные и мультикультурные постсоветские общества; и как решаются межэтнические и межкультурные проблемы обществ постсоветских стран в процессе создания каждым из них собственного унитарного национального государства. 
Культурная идентичность таджиков и мультикультурализм 발행 연도: 2014 저자: Khamrokhon Zarifi Статья посвящена вопросам истории, культурной идентичности и наследию таджикского народа. Обсуждаются вопросы сохранения и преемственности культурного разнообразия, а также феномен мультикультурализма.