์๋ฃ
์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ๋ํ ์ดํด๋ฅผ ๋ํ๊ณ ์ฐ๊ตฌ, ์นํธ ํ๋, ๊ต์, ํ์ต ๋ฑ์ ํฅ์์ํฌ ์ ์๋ ๋ค์ํ๊ณ ์ ์ฉํ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์๋ณด์ธ์.
1,172 ๊ฑด์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๊ฒ์๋์์ต๋๋ค
ACER-APCEIU ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ๊ฐ์ด๋: ๊ต์ฌ, ํ๊ต ๊ด๋ฆฌ์, ๊ต์กํ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์๋ด์ ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2025 ์ ์: Rachel Parker | Amy Berry | Payal Goundar | Karena Menzie-Ballantyne ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ์ ๋ค์ค์ฝ ์์์ํํ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ | ํธ์ฃผ๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ํ ใACER-APCEIU ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ๊ฐ์ด๋: ๊ต์ฌ, ํ๊ต ๊ด๋ฆฌ์, ๊ต์กํ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์๋ด์ใ๋ APCEIU์ ACER๊ฐ 2022๋
๋ถํฐ 2024๋
๊น์ง 3๋
์ ๊ฑธ์ณ ํธ์ฃผ, ๋ผ์ค์ค, ํ๋ฆฌํ, ํ๊ตญ์ ํํธ๋๋ค๊ณผ ํจ๊ป ์ํํ ๊ณต๋์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ธ ใACER-APCEIU Global Citizenship Education Monitoring Toolkit for Teachers, Schools and System Leadersใ๋ฅผ ํ๊ตญ์ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ ๋ง๊ฒ ๋ฒ์ญํ ๊ตญ๋ฌธํ์ด๋ค.์ด ๊ฐ์ด๋๋ ๋ค์ํ ์์ค์ ๊ต์ก ์ดํด๊ด๊ณ์๊ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์์ ์์ ์ ์์น๋ฅผ ์ง๋จํ๊ณ ๋ชฉํ์ ๊ณํ์ ์๋ฆฝํ๋ฉฐ, ์คํ๊ณผ ํ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ง์์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์ด๊ฐ๋๋ก ์ค๊ณ๋ ํ๊ตฌ ์ํ ๋ชจํ์ ์ ์ํ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์์ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ ๋ง๊ฒ ์ค์ฒํ ์ ์๋๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ง์นจ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์๋ดํ๋ค.์ด ๊ฐ์ด๋์ ์ฃผ์ ํ์ฉ์๋ ์ ์ฑ
์
์์, ๊ต์ก๋ถ ๋ฐ ๊ต์ก์ฒญ ๋ฑ ์ ๊ด ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ต์กํ์ ๊ฐ, ํ๊ต์ฅ๊ณผ ํ๊ต๊ฐ ๋ฑ ๊ต์ก ๋ฆฌ๋์ญ์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ด๋ค๋ฟ ์๋๋ผ ์ ๊ทยท๋น์ ๊ท ๊ต์ก ์ ๋ฐ์์ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ๊ต์ก์ ์ค์ฒํ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ต์ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํจํ๋ค.
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, Planning Education in the AI Era: Lead the Leap; Final Report ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2019 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: UNESCO The current report is an exhaustive account of the discussion and debate at the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education (hereafter referred to as โthe conferenceโ) held in Beijing from 16 to 18 May 2019. Under the overarching theme of โPlanning Education in the AI Era: Lead the Leapโ, the conference was structured into seven plenary sessions and 16 breakout sessions complemented by a live exhibition and study tours to facilitate forwardlooking debates, share cutting-edge knowledge and AI solutions, and deliberate on sector-wide strategies.
The Impact of AI on Curriculum Systems: Towards an Orbit-Shifting Dialogue (In-Progress Reflection; no. 32, 2019) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2019 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: UNESCO International Bureau of Education (IBE) โArtificial Intelligenceโ (AI) refers to the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence. In order to achieve transformational change in contemporary curriculum systems and learning environments, we need to engender an orbitshifting dialogue about the potential relationship between AI and education, in terms of both independent variables (threats), and dependent variables (opportunities). Through such a dialogue, we need to create foresight indicators that can predict the process of this relationship. It is, however, crucial that the relationship between AI and education is strong and directly proportionate. If the potential of the relationship is not exploited sufficiently, then underdeveloped education systems will lag behind and fail to achieve their potential for transformation, whether radical or incremental. Indeed, some may even become obsolete. The paper contends that in order to effectively contribute to the knowledge economy and to sustainable development in the age of the 4th Industrial Revolution (characterized by a fusion of cyber-physical technologies) modern educational systems need to overcome obstacles to innovation in order to maximize the potential for transformative change. To achieve this will require an โorbital shiftโ in educational planning, practice and resourcing, to enable schools to respond more effectively to the rapidly changing needs of young people, society, the economy and environment in the third decade of the 21st century. Schools, educational institutions and environments, need to transform from being primarily spaces for teaching and taking exams, into spaces for innovation and personal learning, based on a culture of actively listening to the voices, choices, needs and goals of learners. Teachers need to become facilitators, coaches and mentors for learners. Schools need to create AI-enabled, flexible, collaborative working spaces. Visionary, energetic educational leaders need to communicate effectively with all stakeholders, including employers and parents, to inspire and manage change and smart decision-making to develop schools of the future. The aim of this reflection is to initiate an โorbit-shiftingโ dialogue about the potential of AI applications to transform all components of the curriculum system to meet emergent 21st century educational goals. The conceptualization aims to explore the variable roles and impact of curriculum learning and assessment on these emerging educational goals. Theme 1 of the paper outlines the concepts and characteristics of a range of existing AI systems and their potential to enhance teaching learning and assessment. Theme 2 reflects on the potential to embrace AI systems across the curriculum system. Theme 3 proposes an action model to enable AI to have an โorbit shifting impactโ on all the components of the curriculum system (i.e. learners, teachers, learning environments, leadership and management, content, pedagogy and assessment) by enhancing opportunities for individualization, creativity and uniqueness.
์ด๋ฑ๊ต์ฌ๋ค์ ํ์ค ์์
๊ตฌ์๊ณผ์ ํ๊ตฌ (๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 17, No. 1) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ๋ฐ์ ๊ฒฝ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ํ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์กํํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์ด๋ฑ๊ต์ฌ๋ค์ ์๊ฐ์์ ํ์ค์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ํ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ์ดํด๋ณด๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ฑ ๊ต์ค์์ ํ์ค ์์
์ ์ ๊ทผํ๋ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ํ๊ตฌํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ํ๋ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ์ค ํผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋์ ๋จ๊ณ๋ณ ์ ๊ทผ์ผ๋ก ํ์ค ๊ฐ๋
์ ์ดํดํ๊ณ , ๋ถ์ ์ ์ธ ํ์คํํ๋ณด๋ค ๋ํญํํ๊ณผ ๋ํญ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์์
์ ํ์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค. ๋์งธ, ํ์ค์ฌ๋ก์ ๋ํ ์ฌํ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ์ ์ดํด๋ฅผ ํตํด ํธ๊ฒฌ์ด๋ ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
์์ ๋น๋กฏ๋ ํ์ค์ ๊ฐ์ ์ ๊ฐ๊ด์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๋ผ๋ณด๋ ์๊ฐ์ ์ ๊ณตํ ์ ์๋ค. ์
์งธ, ํ์์ ์ผ์์ํ๊ณผ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ ์ค์ฒ ์ค์ฌ์ ๋ณํ์ ํ์ต์ผ๋ก ์งํฅ์ด ์๊ตฌ๋๋ค. ๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ํ์ค์ ๋ํ ์์
์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๋์งํ ์๋ฏผ์ฑ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ณ ์ ํจ์ด ๊ฐ์กฐ๋์๋ค. ๋ํ, ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ต์ฌ๋ค์ด ์ค์ฌ์ด ๋์ด ์๋๋ก๋ถํฐ ์์
์ ์ ๊ทผํ๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ํ ํ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋ ์์๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๋ค.
์ง์ญ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ์ํ AI๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ฑ๋ด์ ๊ฐ๋ฐ๊ณผ ํ์ฉ: ๋ฌธํ ๋ค์์ฑ ์ดํด๋ฅผ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก (๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 17, No. 1) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ์ค๋์ฃผ | ํฉํ์ญ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ํ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์กํํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์ง์ญ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ์ํ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก๋ฌ๋์ฉ AI ์ฑ๋ด์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๊ณ ์์
์ ์ ์ฉํ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ๋น
๋ฐ์ดํฐ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๋ฒ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ํด์ด๋๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ์ํ ์ง์ญ๊ณผ ์ฃผ์ ๋ฅผ ๋์ถํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋์์ง์ญ์ ์ฃผ๋ก ๋๋จ์์์, ์ฃผ์ ๋ ์์, ๋ฌธํ, ์์ , ๊ณต์ฐ, ๊ด๊ด ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ๋ํ๋ฌ๋ค. ๋น
๋ฐ์ดํฐ ๋ถ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ผ๋กํ์ฌ ํด์ด๋๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋๋จ์์์ 10๊ฐ๊ตญ์ ๊ดํ ํ
์คํธ(์ฌ์ง, ์ง๋, ๋์์ ๋ฑ ํฌํจ) ํํ์ ์ด 1,070๊ฐ ๋ฌธ๋ตํํ์ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก์ฝํ
์ธ (microcontents)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์๋ค. ๊ฐ๋ฐํ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก์ฝํ
์ธ ๋ฅผ ํฌํจํ์ฌ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก๋ฌ๋(microlearnig)์ ์ํ ์ฑ๋ด ์์คํ
์ ์ค๊ณํ๊ณ , ๊ตฌํํ ์ ์๋ ์ฑ๋ด์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์ฌ, ์์
์ ์ ์ฉํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ฑ๋ด์ ํ์ฉํ ํ์ต์๋ค์ ์๊ธฐ์ฃผ๋์ ์ธ ๋ง์ถคํ ๊ฐ๋ณํ ํ์ต์ ํ ์ ์์๋ค. ํนํ ์ง์ญ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ์ํด ์ ํต์ ์ธ ๊ต์ค์์
์์ ๋๋ผ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ ๋ฏธ๋๊ต์ค๊ณต๊ฐ์์ ์์ ๋ค์ด ์ด๊ณ ์๋ ํด์ด๋ ์ง์ญ์ด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋๋จ์์์์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋๋ผ์ ์, ์, ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋น๋กฏํ์ฌ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ฐ๊ด๋๋์ง๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ฒ ์ดํดํ๊ฒ ๋์ด ํ์ต์์ ์ดํด๋์ ๋ง์กฑ๋๊ฐ ๋์๋ค. ์์ธ๋ฌ ํด์ด๋๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ธ๊ณ์ง์ญํ์ต์ ํ๋ ฅ์ ๊ณต๊ฐํ๋ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ์ฅ์ ์ ์ฉํ ์ ์์ด์ ์ฐฝ์์ ์์
์ ํตํด, ๊ต๊ณผ์์ ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ทน๋ณตํ ์ ์๊ฒ ํด ์ฃผ์๋ค. ํ์ต์๋ค์ ์์
์ ํตํ์ฌ ๋ค๋ฌธํ์ ๊ด์ ์์ ๋ค๋ฆ์ด๋ผ๋ ๋ฌธํ์ ๋ค์์ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ๊ด์ ์์ ์ ์ฌํจ์ด๋ผ๋ ์ํธ์์กด์ฑ์ ํตํ์ฌ ํจ๊ป ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์ฑ์ ์์ง์ ํจ์ํ ์ ์์๋ค.
์์ธ๊ต์ก 2024๋
์ฌ๋ฆํธ (์ 66๊ถ ํต๊ถ 255ํธ) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2024 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ์์ธํน๋ณ์๊ต์ก์ฒญ ๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ณด์ ๊ถ๋์นผ๋ผ: ๊ฑฐ์ธ์ ์ด๊นจ ์์์ โ๊ฐ์ผํ ๊ธธโ์ ์ฐพ๋ค ํน๋ณ๊ธฐํ:- ํ๊ต๊ฐ, ํ๊ต๋ง์ด ๊ธธ๋ฌ์ค ์ ์๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์๋ค์๊ฒ ํ์ํ ๋ฏธ๋ ์ญ๋- ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ์ ๋ฐ๋ฌ๊ณผ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ณํ- [์์ธ์ํ์ด] ๋
์ ์ต๊ด, ํ์์ ์ด์๊ฐ ํ!- [์์ธ๋ฑํ์ด] ๋์งํธ ๋ฌธํด๋ ฅ, ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ๋ ฅ์ผ๋ก ํค์ด๋ค- [์คํ์ค] ์์์ ์ฌ๋ฐ๊ฒฌ, ํ๊ต์์ ์์ํ๋ ์ง์๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์ํ์ ํ๊ต์ก- [์๊ด๊ณ ] ๋ ํฐ ์ธ์์ผ๋ก์ ๋์ ์ ์ ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ณ์๋ฏผ์์์ ๋ฐฐ์ด๋ค: ์๊ด๊ณ ๋ฑํ๊ต ๊ตญ์ ๊ต๋ฅํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ ๊ต๊ณผ๊ต์ก:- [์ ์น์ ์ด์ํ๊ธฐ ์์
] ํ๊ต๋ฅผ ์๋ค, ๋ง์์ ์๋ค: ์ด์๋์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ์ด์ธ๋ฆผ ์ ์ฑ์ฅํ๊ธฐ- [ํน์ํ๊ธ ๊ตญ์ ๊ณต๋ ์์
] ๋ฐ๋ค๋ฅผ ๋๊ณ ์ฅ์ ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ํน๋ณํ ์ฐ์ ํ๋ก์ ํธ- [์ด๋ฑํ๊ต ์ํ์ ํ๊ต์ก ์์
] ๊ธฐํ ์๊ธฐ? ์์ ๋ก ๊ณต์กด!- [์คํ๊ต ์ญ์ง์ฌ์ง ๊ณต์กดํ ํ ๋ก ์์
] ๊ฒฝ์์ด ์๋ ๊ณต์กด์ ์ํ ํ ๋ก !๊ต๊ณผ๊ต์ก- [๊ณ ๋ฑํ๊ต ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ ํ์ฉ ์์
] ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ๊ณผ ํจ๊ป ์ฑ์ฅํ๋ ์ํ์์
- [ํ๊ธ์ด์ ํ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ] ์ก๊ฐ์ฅ ์ฌ๋ฐ๋ฉด๋ฐ ์ ์๋ค๊ณผ์ ์๊ฐ- [์ฒดํยท๋ฌธํยท์์ ํ๋ โ
] ์์ ์ ์ธ์ด๋ก ์ํตํ๋ฉฐ ๊ณต๋์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ค: ์คํ๊ต ๋ง์ถคํ ์์ ๊ต์ก- [์ฒดํยท๋ฌธํยท์์ ํ๋ โ
ก] ๋๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ๊ฒ ํ๊ณ , ๋๋ฅผ ํํํ๊ฒ ํ๋ โ์์ ๊ต์กโ: ๊ณ ๋ฑํ๊ต ํ๋ ฅ์ข
ํฉ์์ ํ๋- [ํ๊ตํ์ฅ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ] AI ๋์งํธ๊ต๊ณผ์๋ฅผ ํตํ ๋ฏธ๋๊ต์ก ์ฟ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ: ํ๊ต์์
๋ด ์๋ํ
ํฌ ํ์ฉ ์ ๋๊ฐ ์คํ์์ ๊ต์ก์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ ๋ถ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ณด:- 2024๋
๊ฐํ๋ ๊ต์กํ๋ ๋ณดํธ ์ ์ฑ
, ์ด๊ฒ๋งํผ์ ๊ผญ ์์๋์ธ์- ๋๋ด๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์์ด ๊ณต์กดํ๋ ์์ธํ ๋๋ดํ๊ต- ์์
-ํ๊ฐ์ ์ฐ๊ณ์ฑ ๊ฐํ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์ด ยท ์ค๋ฑํ๊ต ์ ๋ณด๊ณต์(๊ต์ํ์ต ๋ฐ ํ๊ฐ๊ณํ ๊ด๋ จ) ๊ฐ์ ์๋ด- ๋ฉํ๋ฒ์ค๋ ์ ๋ง ๋๋ฌ์๊น? ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ง๋น:- [์นํฐ] ์์ฐฌ ์ฌ๋ฆ๋ฐฉํ ๋ณด๋ด๊ธฐ- [์๊ธฐ] ๋ฎค์ง์ปฌ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ฐ ๊ฟ์ด์๋ ๊ต์ฌ, ํ๊ต์์ ๋ฎค์ง์ปฌ์ ๊ฟ๊พธ๋ค- [์ํ] ์ฌ์ด ๊ณต๊ณต์ ์ธ์ด๋ ์ธ๊ถ์ด๋ค: ์ด๊ฑด๋ฒ ใ์ธ์ด๋ ์ธ๊ถ์ด๋คใ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ - [ํ๊ธฐ] ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋จ 2024 โ๋ดํธโ ํ๊ธฐ ๊ฐค๋ฌ๋ฆฌ: โ์ด๋ฆฐ์ดยท์ฒญ์๋
์ ๋ฏธ๋์ญ๋ ์ ์ฅ์ ์ํด ๋
ธ๋ ฅํฉ๋๋ค!โ
Literacy for Empowerment and Transformation: Report of the Secretary-General ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2024 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: United Nations | UNESCO The present report is submitted in fulfilment of the request made by the General Assembly, in its resolution 77/192, that the Secretary-General, in cooperation with the Director General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), submit to the Assembly at its seventy-ninth session a report on the implementation of the resolution. The Assembly also invited UNESCO to continue its mandated role to lead and coordinate the Education 2030 Agenda and requested UNESCO to continue its coordinating and catalysing role through the implementation of the strategy of the Global Alliance for Liter acy and by continuing to provide support to Member States. The present report provides an overview of the global literacy landscape, highlighting progress, key challenges and recommendations for further promotion of literacy as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the follow-up to the Transforming Education Summit and beyond.
Transforming Education Towards SDG4: Report of a Global Survey on Country Actions to Transform Education; Highlights ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2024 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: UNESCO In 2022, the United Nations Transforming Education Summit responded decisively to mobilize action, ambition and solidarity as well as to elevate education to the top of the political agenda. This powerful mobilization led to 143 countries presenting national statements of commitment, demonstrating their political resolve to reimagine and transform their education systems. On the Summitโs fi rst anniversary, UNESCO invited its Member States to participate in the Survey on Country Actions to Transform Education and report on how they have translated their commitments into actions. This document presents highlights from the Transforming Education Towards SDG 4: Report of a global survey on country actions to transform education. It showcases transformative actions that countries have undertaken to accelerate progress towards SDG 4. The report emphasizes that education must adopt a holistic, lifelong and comprehensive approach that addresses the development and well-being of individual learners and society. Transforming education requires placing inclusion, equity and gender equality at the core of policies and interventions. It also requires more and better education fi nancing, and investments in the teaching profession.
SDG-Education 2030 Steering Committee: Making Higher Education More Inclusive, July 2020 ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2020 ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: UNESCO The rapid expansion of higher education in the past two decades, as well as the growing diversity of providers and technological models for delivering education, have made higher education accessible to more students globally. Yet significant barriers remain for many vulnerable groups, and women still lag behind in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. A better understanding of inequality as well as new paradigms, strategies and a renewed political will for โleaving no one behindโ are required. Structural equity policies at all levels throughout the education system, as well as extraordinary measures when needed, should ensure that students from any background with the potential to succeed are fully integrated with equal opportunities into higher education. This policy paper reviews the current literature and sets out findings and recommendations to increase and strengthen equity and inclusion in higher education in a lifelong learning perspective. It provides a conceptual framework for equity and inclusion, analyses the urgent need to improve funding and its efficiency, provides insight into the challenges for teaching and teachers, and recommends policy measures for establishing higher education systems that are more equitable and more inclusive.
๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ์์ ์ ๋ํ๋ ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ ์ด์: ๊ต์ก๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ ๋ํ ์์ฌ์ ์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก (๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์ก์ฐ๊ตฌ; Vol. 17, No. 3) ๋ฐํ ์ฐ๋: 2022 ์ ์: ์กฐํ์น | ์ํด์ ๋จ์ฒด ์ ์: ํ๊ตญ๊ตญ์ ์ดํด๊ต์กํํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ ์ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ํ์ฌ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ์์ ์ ๋ํ๋ ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ ๊ด๋ จ ๋ด์ฉ์ ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ๊ต์ก๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ ๋ํ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋์ถํ๊ณ ์ ํ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ์ฑํ๋ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ๋ํ์ ์ธ ์์ ์ธ ์ฌ์ฑ์ฐจ๋ณ์ฒ ํํ์ฝ(1979) ๋ฐ ๋ถ๊ฒฝํ๋๊ฐ๋ น(1995)๊ณผ ๋ํ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์์ ์ธ MDGs(2000), SDGs(2015) ์ด 4๊ฐ์ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ์์ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค. ๋ถ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ตญ์ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ์์ ๋ ์ฌ์ฑ์ ๊ต์ก๊ธฐํ์ ํ๋์์ ๋์๊ฐ ๊ต์ก ๋ด ์ฑํ๋ฑ ์ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์กฐํ๋ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ผ๋ก ์์ ์ด ์ ํ๋๊ณ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. ๋์งธ, ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ์ ์ด์๊ฐ ๋ค์ํ, ์ธ๋ถํ๋์ด ๊ต์ก๊ธฐํ, ๊ต์ก์ ๋, ๊ต์ก๊ณผ์ , ๊ต์ก์์ค ๋ฑ ๋ค์ํ ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ ์ด์๊ฐ ์์ ๋ก ํฌํจ๋์๋ค. ์
์งธ, ๊ต์ก ์ฑํ๋ฑ์ ์ํด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ์ถ๊ตฌํ๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์กฐ์ ์ด ์ ํ๋์๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ๋ถ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ ๋๋ก ๊ต์ก๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ ์ํ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋์ถํ์๋ค. 