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Equity in School Education in Europe: Structures, Policies and Student Performance; Eurydice Report 발행 연도: 2020 저자: Teodora Parveva | Anna Horváth | Anita Krémó | Emmanuel Sigalas | Christian Monseur 단체 저자: European Commission | Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) | Eurydice This report provides an overview of education structures and policies that influence equity in school education. It connects these system-level features to student performance in international student assessment surveys (PISA, PIRLS and TIMSS). Looking at 42 European education systems, the report identifies which policies and structures are associated with higher levels of equity in student performance. The report examines the following education system features: participation in early childhood education and care, school funding, differentiation and school types, school choice, admissions policies, tracking systems, grade repetition, school autonomy, school accountability, support for disadvantaged schools, support for low-achieving students and the opportunity to learn. 
التربية الوقائية للمؤسسات التربوية فى مواجهة التطرف الفكرى 발행 연도: 2015 저자: Muhammad Hassan 단체 저자: Ain Shams University تتلخص المشكلة في هذه الدراسة بالسؤال التالي: كيف تواجه المؤسسات التربوية مشكلة التطرف الفكري من خلال التربية الوقائية؟ من هنا تستهدف الدراسة تحقيق بعض الفوائد للمهتمين بشأن التربية ومواجهة التطرف، مثل: 1) التعرف على مفاهيم التطرف والتربية الوقائية في مواجهته. 2) التعرف على مخاطر ظاهرة التطرف الفكري وآثاره بين أفراد المجتمع. 3) التعرف على أبرز التحديات الإقليمية ذات التأثير المباشر في نشر الفكر المنحرف. 4) الوقوف على الدور التربوي في التصدي لهذه الظاهرة ممثلاً في بعض المؤسسات التربوية. 5) إبراز بعض المتطلبات التربوية في الوقاية من مخاطر التطرف الفكري.تعتمد هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. بعد إجراءات الدراسة التي تضمنت ما يلي: التربية الوقائية وتحديات العصر حيث تم عرض مفهوم التربية وأهميتها وأهدافها ومجالاتها والتحديات الفكرية المعاصرة التي تؤثر في موضوع الدراسة، من ثم التطرف الفكري: مفهومه أسبابه وأخطاره، انتقالاً إلى متطلبات الدور الوقائي للتربية في مواجهة التطرف الفكري. خلصت الدراسة إلى ما يلي: إن التطرف الفكري لا يعبر عن حالة معزولة عن السياق الاجتماعي والثقافي العام، بل هو ضرورة أحد نتاجاته المباشرة أو الضمنية. ومن هنا، فإن أية معالجة للتطرف الفكري يجب أن تدرك واقع الأسرة والمدرسة والجامعة والمسجد، والإنتاج الثقافي والإعلامي. وكلما اتجهت المعالجات اتجاهاً أفقياً، يلحظ الأبعاد والعناصر المختلفة، كانت النتائج أكثر جدوى وفائدة. Preventive Education for Educational Institutions in Confronting Ideological Extremism 발행 연도: 2015 저자: Muhammad Hassan 단체 저자: Ain Shams University The problem in this study is summarized by the following question: How do educational institutions face the problem of ideological extremism through preventive education? Hence, the study aims to achieve some benefits for those interested in education and confronting extremism, such as: 1) Identifying the concepts of extremism and preventive education in facing it. 2) Identify the dangers of the phenomenon of intellectual extremism and its effects among members of society. 3) Identifying the most prominent regional challenges that have a direct impact on spreading deviant thought. 4) Standing on the educational role in confronting this phenomenon, as represented by some educational institutions. 5) Highlighting some educational requirements in preventing the dangers of intellectual extremism.This study relies on the analytical descriptive approach. After the study procedures, which included the following: Preventive education and the challenges of the times, where the concept of education, its importance, objectives and fields, and contemporary intellectual challenges affecting the subject of study were presented, and then intellectual extremism: its concept of its causes and dangers, moving to the requirements of the preventive role of education in facing intellectual extremism. The study concluded the following: Intellectual extremism does not express a situation isolated from the general social and cultural context, but rather the necessity of one of its direct or implicit results. Hence, any treatment of intellectual extremism must be aware of the reality of the family, school, university, mosque, and cultural and media production. The more treatments are directed horizontally, noting the different dimensions and elements, the more feasible and beneficial the results will be. 
Effects and Limits of Core Schools for Multicultural Education (The Journal of Curriculum and Evaluation; Vol. 19, No. 1) 발행 연도: 2016 저자: Hyosun Kim | Wonpyo Hong 단체 저자: Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation (KICE) This study investigates curriculum programs of core schools for multicultural education and teachers’ responses to their effects and limits. To address these topics, this study analyzes curricular documents collected from 18 elementary and secondary schools selected as exemplary cases in 2014. It also conducted in-depth interviews with 14 teachers who are in charge of planing and implementing multicultural programs in core schools. Major results support that multicultural core schools expand the targets of multicultural education to mainstream students, their parents and local residents beyond minority students and their parents. It turned out, however, that multicultural core schools still tend to untouch structural biases and discriminations, while focusing on extending students’ awareness of cultural and racial diversities. This study also reveals that participating teachers face such difficulties as heavy workloads, lack of collaboration from local schools, and lack of relevant experiences and instructional materials. Based on these results, this study suggests the sharing of successful programs, enhancing teachers awareness of the significance of multicultural education, and further supports for teachers in charge of multicultural education to achieve the targeted goals of multicultural core schools. 다문화교육 중점학교 교육 프로그램 운영 현황 및 발전 방향에 대한 연구 (교육과정평가연구; Vol. 19, No. 1) 발행 연도: 2016 저자: 김혜선 | 홍원표 단체 저자: 한국교육과정평가원 본 연구는 다문화교육 중점학교의 프로그램 운영 현황을 파악하고, 이에 대한 교사들의 인식과 운영상의 어려움을 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2014년도 다문화교육 중점학교 가운데 우수 사례로 선정된 18개 학교의 문헌자료를 분석하였고, 그 중 14개 학교의 담당 교사와 면담을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 모두를 위한 다문화교육을 지향하는 도입 취지에 맞게, 다문화교육 중점학교들에서는 다문화교육의 대상을 일반 학생이나 학부모들로 확대하고 있었다. 반면 다문화교육의 내용 측면에서는 여전히 문화 다양성이나 문화이해 교육이 다수를 차지하고 있는 데 비해 반편견·반차별은 주변화되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 학교 현장의 담당 교사들은 이전의 시범학교들보다 중점학교의 접근 방식이 다문화교육의 취지와 좀 더 부합한다는 의견을 보이고 있는 반면, 업무과중, 인근 학교의 협조 부족, 관련 정보 부족 등과 같은 어려움을 지적하고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 다문화교육 중점학교의 발전 방안으로 다문화교육에 대한 학교 구성원들의 인식 강화, 반차별·반편견 관련 내용 요소 확대, 우수 프로그램의 확산과 공유 등을 제시하고 있다. 
Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009; Students With Special Needs and Disabilities 발행 연도: 2009 단체 저자: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) This OECD publication provides an overview of current education policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities in Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan. Provides an idea of the socio-historical context, education systems and the corresponding legislation, critically analyzes the adopted views on access to education for the most vulnerable group of children in these countries. Particular attention is paid to political measures, aimed at ensuring inclusive education, procedures identification and assessment, overall coordination of educational service delivery, integration into the general education system, as well as best practices and the role of NGOs and community donors. Oбзор национальной политики в области образования: Казахстан, Кыргызская Pеспублика и Таджикистан 2009; Учащиеся с особыми потребностями и ограниченными возможностями 발행 연도: 2009 단체 저자: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) В данной публикации ОЭСР предлагается обзор текущей образовательной политики в отношении детей с с особыми образовательными потребностями и ограниченными возможностями в Казахстане, Кыргызской Республике и Таджикистане. Дается представление о социальноисторическом контексте, системах образования и соответствующего законодательства, критически анализируются принятые взгляды на доступ к образованию для самой уязвимой группы детского населения в данных странах. Особое внимание уделяется политическим мерам, направленным на обеспечения инклюзивности образования, процедурам идентификации и оценки, общей координации предоставления образовательных услуг, интеграции в общеобразовательную систему, а также наиболее успешным практикам и роли НПO и общественных доноров. 
해외 학교 민주시민교육 교육과정 및 교과서 분석 발행 연도: 2019 저자: 오유석 | 김세희 | 서현수 | 이인선 | 김원석 | 정하윤 | 김원태 단체 저자: 대한민국 교육부 | 민주주의연구소 민주주의 국가에서 시민교육은 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 다수의 국가들에서 생활 속 민주주의 실현과 사회구성원의 정치사회화를 위하여 민주시민교육을 체계적으로 실시하고 있다. 특히 학교 민주시민교육은 국가마다 서로 다른 맥락과 역사적 전개 과정을 통해 다양한 학제, 교육과정, 교과서로 운영된다. 학교 시민교육은 학생들이 민주주의 가치와 개념을 이해하고 민주주의 발전에 참여하며 민주적 생활양식을 내 재화하도록 이끈다는 공통 목표를 지닌다. 이를 위해 민주시민교육 과정은 대부분 주제, 내용, 방법이 상황, 필요성, 입장 등에 따라 다양하게 선정될 수 있도록 보장 하며, 다양한 관점으로 특정 주제를 바라볼 수 있도록 풍부한 자료 제시하고 있다. 본 연구는 서구 민주주의 국가에서 실시되고 있는 학교민주시민교육을 살펴보기 위해 프랑스, 핀란드, 독일, 영국, 미국의 사례를 분석하였다. 5개의 사례 국가에서 실시되고 있는 학교 민주시민교육의 배경 및 맥락, 전개 과정뿐만 아니라 원칙을 살펴보고, 교육과정과 교과서를 분석함으로써 각 국가의 학교 민주시민교육의 특징 및 시사점을 도출했다. 이를 근거로 한국 학교 민주시민교육 활성화를 위한 정책을 제안하는 데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 
英国公民教育案例研究 (教育科学研究; No. 8) 발행 연도: 2018 저자: Jia Meihua 단체 저자: Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences | Beijing Radio and Television University 英国教育体系中，公民教育是一个具有广泛内涵的研究内容。近年来，英国政府和英国教育部门 重视对学生公民素养的培养，英国国内设有专门的公民教育研究机构，分阶段、分步骤实施公民教育养成 方案，并配有教材、教学辅导书、在线研究项目等，初步形成了公民教育基本方法，特别是教育中普遍运 用案例研究的学习方式，值得学习、参考和借鉴。 
Higher Education Policy in Central Asia and Afghanistan 발행 연도: 2019 저자: Emma Sabzalieva 단체 저자: University of Central Asia (UCA) The purpose of this report is two-fold. Its first aim is to take stock of contemporary higher education in Central Asia, with a particular emphasis on Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, and Afghanistan. The second is to offer policy propositions that may support these states to make their higher education systems more innovative, with innovation also incorporating science and technology.