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์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์˜นํ˜ธ ํ™œ๋™, ๊ต์ˆ˜, ํ•™์Šต ๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

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34 ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ง€์นจ์„œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2023 ์ €์ž: Sarah Court | Eugene Jo | Richard Mackay | Mizuki Murai | Riki Therivel ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO | International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) | International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) | International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) | Korea R. Cultural Heritage Administration 2022๋…„ '์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐํ˜‘์•ฝ'์ด ํƒ„์ƒ 50์ฃผ๋…„์„ ๋งž์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 1,100๊ฑด์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์ธ๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ์ด ์œ ์‚ฐ ์•ˆํŒŽ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์œ„ํ˜‘๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์œ ์‚ฐ์˜ ํ›ผ์†์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•ž์„œ ์œ ์‚ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŽธ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‚˜์˜จ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณธ '์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ง€์นจ์„œ(์ดํ•˜ '์ง€์นจ์„œ')์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€์นจ์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฌด์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์šฉ์–ด์ •์˜, ์ ๊ฒ€๋ชฉ๋ก ๋“ฑ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฌธํ™”์œ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์œ ์‚ฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. UNESCO์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ์ž๋ฌธ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์ธ ICCROM, ICOMOS์™€ ICUN์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ด ์ง€์นจ์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“œ๋Š” ํ•™์ œ์  ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐ๋ณดํ˜ธ์™€ ๊ณ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์˜ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ์„์ด์กฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ์ด๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์œ ์‚ฐํ˜‘์•ฝ์˜ ๋‹น์‚ฌ๊ตญ, ์œ ์‚ฐ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž, ๊ณ„ํš์ •์ฑ… ๋‹น๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…์ž๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณธ ์ง€์นจ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์‚ฌ๋ช…์ธ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์œ ์‚ฐ์„ ํ›„์„ธ์— ์ „์Šนํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค. ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ด€์ ์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ: ์„ฑ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2018 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO | APCEIU ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ด€์ ์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๋„ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ํ‰๋ก ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฐํƒ€์„ฑ๊ณผ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ, ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜์  ์ฃผ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ ๋‚ด ํญ๋ ฅ์  ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋”์šฑ ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๊ณ  ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅยท๊ฐ€์น˜ยทํƒœ๋„ ํ•จ์–‘์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š”, ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์‚ฌ์—…์ธ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก(GCED, Global Citizenship Education)์— ์žˆ์–ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋„์ „์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฑ…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜์  ๊ด€์ ์ด ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋„์ „์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ต์œก ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.  ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2009 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ(MDGs)๋Š” 2000๋…„ ์œ ์—” ํšŒ์›๊ตญ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ํ‹€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๊ต์œก(ESD)์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ(MDGs) ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ESD๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ MDGs ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ESD๋Š” MDGs ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ•™์Šต ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. The Ten Targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 4...with Elyx ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2017 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO This new UNESCO animation explaining the ten targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 4.Together with Elyx, the UN's first digital ambassador, discover how to ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning. ๋ฌธํ™”์ •์ฑ…์˜ (์žฌ)๊ตฌ์„ฑ: ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„; ๋ฌธํ™”๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ํ˜‘์•ฝ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ, 2018 ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2018 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO '๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ(Global Report)' ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋Š” ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ใ€Œ๋ฌธํ™”์  ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ณผ ์ฆ์ง„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ˜‘์•ฝ(2005)ใ€์˜ ์ดํ–‰์„ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐํš๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ดํ–‰ ๊ณผ์ •์ด UN์˜ 2030 ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ฐ ์„ธ๋ถ€๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.2018๋…„ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ๋Š” 2015๋…„์— ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ๊ฐ„๋œ ์ดํ›„ ํ˜‘์•ฝ์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์ง„์ „ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ํ˜‘์•ฝ ๋‹น์‚ฌ๊ตญ๋“ค์ด ์ œ์ถœํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ  ํ˜‘์•ฝ์ด 10๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ธ‰์†ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋ฉด์„œ ์ธ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ด ๋‘ ํŽธ์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌํฌํŠธ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. [์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ] ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต์•ฝ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ดํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€; ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ 2017/8 ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2017 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์—” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์ดํ–‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์‹  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ์™ธ ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฌํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ•„์š”์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ๋ˆ์— ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„์ด ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.2017/8 ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ์€ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋‚ฏ์„  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ์นจํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์‹œ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์ด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ‰์ƒ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ด ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•™๊ต, ๊ต์‚ฌ, ํ•™๋ถ€๋ชจ, ํ•™์ƒ, ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ, ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ œ๊ณต์ž, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ œ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ง€๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜‘์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์˜๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์  ์ œ์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์  ์ง‘์ค‘์€ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก 2000-2015: ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ณผ์ œ; EFA ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ, 2015; ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2015 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO At the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, in 2000, governments from 164 countries, together with representatives of regional groups, international organizations, donor agencies, non-government organizations (NGOs) and civil society, adopted a Framework for Action to deliver Education for All (EFA) commitments. The Dakar Framework comprised 6 goals and their associated targets to be achieved by 2015, and 12 strategies to which all stakeholders would contribute. The EFA Global Monitoring Report (GMR) has monitored progress on an almost annual basis towards the EFA goals and the two education-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The 2015 GMR provides a complete assessment of progress since 2000 towards the target date for reaching the Dakar Frameworkโ€™s goals. It takes stock of whether the world achieved the EFA goals and stakeholders upheld their commitments. It explains possible determinants of the pace of progress. Finally, it identifies key lessons for shaping the post-2015 global education agenda. ๋ผ์šด๋“œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ: โ€˜๊ต์œก์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ์  ์—ญํ• ์— ์ธ๊ถŒ์„ ๋„ฃ์–ดโ€™ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2008 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ๋ณธ ๊ฐ„ํ–‰๋ฌผ์€ 2008๋…„ 12์›” 2์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2009๋…„ 2์›” 27์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๋ณธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ตœ ๋œ โ€œ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ต์œก์˜ 60๋…„(60 years of Human Rights Education)โ€์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•˜์ด๋ผ์ดํŠธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœํšŒ์™€ ํํšŒ ์„ธ์…˜ ์ด์™ธ์—๋„, ๋ผ์šด๋“œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์€ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŒจ๋„, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ(summary) ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ, ์†Œ๊ฐœ, ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ„ํ–‰๋ฌผ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํšŒ๊ณ ์ „์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๊ด€๋ก€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ต์œก์ด ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์นจ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก: 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์žฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2014 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์—ด๋ ธ๋˜ ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ๊ตญ์ œํšŒ์˜ - ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํšŒ์˜(2013๋…„ 9์›” 9-10์ผ, ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์„œ์šธ)์™€ ์ œ1์ฐจ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ํฌ๋Ÿผ(2013๋…„ 12์›” 2-4์ผ, ํƒœ๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ์ฝ•) - ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž, ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ๊ฐ€, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏธ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ง€์นจ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.  โ€˜๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•โ€™ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2014 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO โ€˜๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(Teaching Respect for All)โ€™์€ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ทผ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ 2012๋…„ 1์›”์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ-๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ํ•ฉ์ž‘ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ด๋‹ค.  ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜, โ€˜๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•โ€™์€ ์ธ์ข…, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ๊ณ„๊ธ‰, ์„ฑ์  ์„ฑํ–ฅ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€, ๋ฏผ์กฑ ๋˜๋Š” ์ข…๊ต์  ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ด€์šฉ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ํ† ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก์  ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๊ณ ์ทจ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. โ€˜๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•โ€™์€ 8~16์„ธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์‹ ๋ฐ ์•ฝ์‹ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํฌ์ปค์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถฐ, ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€ ์ดํ•ด์‹ฌ, ์˜์‹๊ณผ ์ง€์‹์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ตญ์ด ๊ต์œก ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์ฒด์  ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ธ๊ถŒ์˜ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๊ทธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์›์น™์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.