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Actuemos ya para proteger el capital human de nuestros ninos: Los costos y la respuesta ante el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el sector educativo de América Latina y el Caribe 발행 연도: 2021 단체 저자: World Bank El doble shock, sanitario y económico, generado por la pandemia COVID-19 provocó, sin duda alguna, la mayor disrupción en la historia del sector educativo en la región de América Latina y el Caribe, llevando al cierre masivo de escuelas en todos los niveles educativos y afectando a más de 170 millones de estudiantes en toda la región. A pesar de los enormes esfuerzos realizados por los países para tratar de mitigar la falta de educación presencial a través de sistemas de educación a distancia, el impacto sobre la educación está siendo demasiado alto y los aprendizajes se están desplomando en la región. La “pobreza de aprendizaje” al final de la educación primaria podría aumentar en más del 20 por ciento. Más de 2 de cada 3 estudiantes de educación secundaria podrían caer por debajo de los niveles mínimos de rendimiento esperados, y las pérdidas de aprendizaje serán sustancialmente mayores para los estudiantes más desfavorecidos. Realmente no hay tiempo que perder. Todos los países deberían actuar ya mismo para asegurarse que las escuelas estén listas para reabrir de manera segura y eficaz en todo el país a fin de acelerar el proceso de recuperación de los dramáticos efectos de la pandemia. Hay muchas lecciones y evidencias de experiencias positivas que van emergiendo y que pueden ser aprovechadas por los países, los cuales también deben asegurarse de proteger el financiamiento público de la educación, para facilitar este proceso de reapertura. Aun cuando los sistemas educativos de toda la región enfrentan un desafío jamás experimentado, esta situación excepcionalmente difícil también abre una ventana de oportunidad para poder ayudar a reconstruir los sistemas educativos para lograr que sean más efectivos, más equitativos y más resilientes. 
Internationalization of Tertiary Education in the Middle East and North Africa 발행 연도: 2020 저자: Giulia Marchesini 단체 저자: World Bank Conceived in order to provide a crucial baseline in research on internationalization in MENA, this report draws on available data to respond to both a real need for regional analysis and a direct demand from stakeholders, including tertiary education institutions in the region. Encouraging internationalization to be mainstreamed throughout MENA is the objective that this report seeks to achieve by way of stimulating regional policy dialogue on the subject. The report presents some global trends in internationalization and details its main benefits, before providing an overview of the current status of internationalization in the MENA region, including an in-depth analysis of student mobility. In its reflections on the way forward for the region, the report situates its recommendations in the context of COVID-19, within which, despite serious challenges due to a lack of attractiveness of the region, MENA may find a key opportunity. It suggests that adapting to the “new normal” through the deeper implementation of internationalization “at home” – a dimension that does not require physical mobility and, being implemented within domestic environments, has a much wider reach – may help enable the region to make strides towards catching up on the internationalization agenda. Internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur dans la région Moyen-Orient Afrique du Nord 발행 연도: 2020 저자: Giulia Marchesini | Lise Barbotte | Paul Cahu | Aurelia Hoffmann | Holly Johnstone | Mirna Mehrez | Marco Pasqualini | Francisco Marmolejo 단체 저자: World Bank Ce rapport s'appuie sur les données disponibles pour répondre à la fois à un réel besoin d'analyse régionale et à une demande directe des parties prenantes, y compris des établissements d'enseignement supérieur de la région MENA. Encourager le développement de l’internationalisation à travers la région MENA est l'objectif que ce rapport cherche à atteindre, en stimulant un dialogue régional sur les politiques publiques autour de ce sujet. Le rapport présente quelques tendances mondiales de l'internationalisation et détaille ses principaux avantages, avant de donner un aperçu de l'état actuel de l'internationalisation dans la région MENA, y compris une analyse approfondie de la mobilité étudiante. Parmi les recommandations proposées pour le développement de l’internationalisation, le contexte de la COVID-19 est vu, pour la région MENA, comme une fenêtre d’opportunité pour pallier au manque d'attractivité de la région dans ce domaine. Mettre l’accent sur l'internationalisation « à domicile » - une dimension qui ne nécessite pas de mobilité physique et qui se développe dans le cadre domestique, et a donc une portée plus large - pour s’adapter à la « nouvelle normalité » peut aider la région à rattraper son retard sur le plan de l’internationalisation. 
국제질서의 전환기, 무엇을 가르치는가: 2025, 2022 개정 교육과정 중학교 사회 교과서 서술 변화 (국제이해교육연구; Vol. 20, No. 3) 발행 연도: 2025 저자: 고혜림 | 최윤정 단체 저자: 한국국제이해교육학회 본 연구는 2015, 2022 개정 교육과정 시기의 중학교「사회2」교과서 각 4종, 총 8권에 수록된 국제사회 관련 서술의 변화 양상을 양적․질적 접근을 통해 분석하였다. 중학교 ‘사회’는 국제정치라는 지식․이해 범주에서 국제사회의 행위 주체 및 국제 문제와 분쟁에 대해 다루는 공통․필수 교육과정으로서의 중요성과 의의가 있다. 국제정치의 3개 주요 이론-현실주의, 자유주의, 구성주의-에 근거하여 국제사회를 서술하는 관점과 내용을 상징하는 키워드를 도출하고, 텍스트 마이닝을 통해 키워드의 출현 빈도와 양상을 분석․시각화 한 후, 질적 근거 검증을 바탕으로 국제사회에 대한 교과서 서술의 경향성 및 변화를 탐색하는 데 본 연구는 주목하였다. 연구 결과는 교과서라는 창을 통해 학생들이 마주하는 국제사회의 모습과 국제정치에 대한 서술의 실재 및 변화를 실증적 근거를 통해 제시하고, 국제정치 관련 교육의 이론적․실천적 시사점을 제시하는 데 기여할 것이다. 
Higher Education's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Building a More Sustainable and Democratic Future (Council of Europe Higher Education Series; No. 25) 발행 연도: 2021 저자: Sjur Bergan | Tony Gallagher | Ira Harkavy | Ronaldo Munck | Hilligje van’t Land 단체 저자: Council of Europe Public health was the immediate concern when the Covid-19 pandemic struck in Asia, then in Europe and other parts of the world. The response of our education systems is no less vital. Higher education has played a major role in responding to the pandemic and it must help shape a better, more equitable and just post-Covid-19 world. This book explores the various responses of higher education to the pandemic across Europe and North America, with contributions also from Africa, Asia and South America. The contributors write from the perspective of higher education leaders with institutional responsibility, as well as from that of public authorities or specialists in specific aspects of higher education policy and practice. Some contributions analyse how specific higher education institutions reacted, while others reflect on the impact of Covid-19 on key issues such as internationalisation, finance, academic freedom and institutional autonomy, inclusion and equality and public responsibility. The book describes the various ways in which higher education is facing the Covid-19 pandemic. It is designed to help universities, specifically their staff and students as well as their partners, contribute to a more sustainable and democratic future. 
Educating for American Democracy: Excellence in History and Civics for All Learners 발행 연도: 2021 단체 저자: Educating for American Democracy (EAD) This material presents a Roadmap to Educating for American Democracy— guidance and an inquiry framework that states, local school districts, and educators in U.S. to transform teaching of history and civics to meet the needs of a diverse 21st century K-12 student body. It also recommends approaches to learning that do five critical things as follow: inspire students to want to become involved in their constitutional democracytell a full narrative of America’s plural yet shared storyexplore the need for compromise to make constitutional democracy workcultivate civic honesty and patriotism that leaves space both to love and to critique this countryteach history and civics both through a timeline of events and the themes that run through those events. 
Situation Analysis on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Uzbekistan 발행 연도: 2021 단체 저자: UNICEF Uzbekistan | United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | UN. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UN. OHCHR) This study is based on the results of a situation analysis of children and adults with disabilities conducted in 2019. The ambition of this Situation Analysis is not merely to point at problems but to lay ground for solutions by identifying the opportunities and catalytic forces emerging today. The report looks at the necessary preconditions for realisation of human rights of persons with disabilities, particularly women, girls, and boys with disabilities, such as a robust equality and non-discrimination framework, availability of inclusive and accessible services in the community, disability inclusive financial and coordination mechanisms, transparent monitoring and accountability systems and meaningful participation of persons with disabilities. Анализ ситуации по обеспечению прав лиц с инвалидностью в Узбекистане 발행 연도: 2021 단체 저자: UNICEF Uzbekistan | United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | UN. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UN. OHCHR) Данное исследование основывается на результатах ситуационного анализа детей и взрослых с инвалидностью, проведенного в 2019 г. Цель данного анализа – не в том, чтобы указать на проблемы, а в том, чтобы заложить основу для их решения путем выявления возможностей и сил содействия, возникающих сегодня. В отчете рассматриваются необходимые предпосылки для реализации прав человека людей с инвалидностью, особенно женщин, девочек и мальчиков с инвалидностью, такие как надежная система обеспечения равенства и недискриминации, наличие инклюзивных и доступных услуг в сообществе, финансовые и координационные механизмы, учитывающие интересы людей с инвалидностью, прозрачные системы мониторинга и отчетности, а также значимое участие людей с инвалидностью. 
Disability Discrimination in the Digital Realm: How the ICRPD Applies to Artificial Intelligence Decision-Making Processes and Helps in Determining the State of International Human Rights Law (Human Rights Law Reivew; Volume. 23, Issue. 3) 발행 연도: 2023 저자: Tetyana Krupiy | Martin Scheinin Scholars have identified challenges to protecting individuals from discrimination in contexts where organisations deploy artificial intelligence decision-making processes. While scholarship on ‘digital discrimination’ is growing, scholars have paid less attention to the impact of the use of artificial intelligence decision-making processes on persons with disabilities. This article posits that while the use of artificial intelligence technology can be beneficial for some purposes, its deployment can also construct a disability. The article demonstrates that the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities can be interpreted in a manner that confers a wide variety of human rights on persons with disabilities in the context when entities deploy artificial intelligence decision-making processes. The article proposes a test for digital discrimination based on disability and shows how it can be incorporated into the treaty through legal interpretation. Thereafter, it moves to developing an analogous general test for digital discrimination under international human rights law, applicable beyond a catalogue of protected characteristics. 
Towards Mongolia’s Long-Term Development Policy Vision 2050: Advancing Education Equity, Efficiency and Outcomes 발행 연도: 2020 단체 저자: Mongolia Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Sports | World Bank This report seeks to synthesize and analyze education outcomes with a view of identifying the main priorities for strengthening the education sector in support of Mongolia’s Sustainable Development Vision 2050. The report highlights data and findings generated from a series of source reports (see bibliography) related to the goals and targets set out in the Vision 2050. The report is composed of six thematic chapters: Access; Equity; Internal Efficiency, Education Cost and Finance; External Efficiency; Management. Each chapter will include an overview of the current situation and recent development with a focus on, key achievements and persistent challenges. As a synthesis report, the information on each topic is not exhaustive but rather seeks to present key findings. Specific activities highlighted in the Vision 2050 have been included at the beginning of each chapter and a complete mapping by activity is annexed (Annex 1. Vision 2050 Chapter mapping). This synthesis report draws on conclusions, finding, data and surveys produced in collaboration with MECSS by the Asian Development Bank, the Global Partnership for Education and the World Bank. The synthesis also draws from key UNESCO reports. The scope, research, and focus of the source reports differ, and precise findings are, on occasions, incongruent however the overall conclusions are fundamentally compatible. Whereas most of the source reports focus on one or two key stages, the synthesis report seeks to extract cross-cutting and/or recurring challenges that have an impact, positive or negative, on equity, efficiency and outcomes which ultimately may contribute to the implementation of Vision 2050. Mongolia’s State Education Policy (2014-2024) states: ‘Education is the main key factor of each citizen’s lifelong support and guarantee of life quality, and of the State’s societal and economical, science and technological development, and guarantee of national independence and security. Mongolian State shall develop education as a leading sector in society’.