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Los efectos de la IA en la vida laboral de las mujeres 발행 연도: 2022 저자: Clementine Collett | Gina Neff | Livia Gouvea Gomes 단체 저자: UNESCO | Inter-American Development Bank | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) El uso de tecnologías de IA afectará las oportunidades de las mujeres en el trabajo y su posición, status y tratamiento en el ámbito laboral. Alrededor del mundo, en la fuerza laboral las mujeres ganan menos que los varones, dedican más tiempo a trabajo no remunerado cuidando a niños y ancianos, tienen menos puestos sénior, participan menos en los campos de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM por sus siglas en inglés) y tienden, en general, a tener trabajos más precarios. Al utilizar la IA, los gobiernos, las instituciones y las empresas deberán achicar las brechas de género y no perpetuarlas o exacerbarlas. Este informe del BID, la OCDE y UNESCO resume el conocimiento actual respecto del impacto que tienen los sistemas de IA sobre las oportunidades laborales de las mujeres, y sobre su posición, tratamiento y estatus en la fuerza laboral. En esta línea, el informe explora cómo se usa la IA dentro y fuera del ámbito laboral y cómo podría ser usada en el futuro. Mira el impacto potencial de las tecnologías de IA nuevas y emergentes sobre las habilidades que requerirán los empleadores, la manera en que las mujeres buscan empleo y son contratadas y cómo se estructuran los empleos a través del monitoreo y la supervisión automatizados. El informe presenta un mapa de las oportunidades y los desafíos que presenta la IA para la vida laboral de las mujeres y pone de manifiesto las complejidades que los diversos contextos nacionales y regionales presentan para comprender el impacto de la IA sobre el trabajo de las mujeres. El informe también toma nota de que la investigación actual no ofrece una mirada completa o definitiva respecto de cómo impacta la IA sobre la vida laboral de las mujeres e insta a la realización de más investigación y análisis en este campo. 
Responsible AI in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities 발행 연도: 2023 단체 저자: Palgrave Macmillan This open access book contributes to the discourse of Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) from an African perspective. It is a unique collection that brings together prominent AI scholars to discuss AI ethics from theoretical and practical African perspectives and makes a case for African values, interests, expectations and principles to underpin the design, development and deployment (DDD) of AI in Africa. The book is a first in that it pays attention to the socio-cultural contexts of Responsible AI that is sensitive to African cultures and societies. It makes an important contribution to the global AI ethics discourse that often neglects AI narratives from Africa despite growing evidence of DDD in many domains. Nine original contributions provide useful insights to advance the understanding and implementation of Responsible AI in Africa, including discussions on epistemic injustice of global AI ethics, opportunities and challenges, an examination of AI co-bots and chatbots in anAfrican work space, gender and AI, a consideration of African philosophies such as Ubuntu in the application of AI, African AI policy, and a look towards a future of Responsible AI in Africa. 
Missing Links in AI Governance 발행 연도: 2023 단체 저자: UNESCO | Mila – Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute Over the next decade, Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) will continue to significantly impact societies. While these scientific and technological advances take place at an extraordinary pace, it is necessary that we simultaneously stimulate a global and inclusive conversation around their development and governance. It is in this context that Mila and UNESCO join forces to steer a collective work to identify and understand missing links in AI governance. This publication is a compilation of 18 selected submissions from a global open call for proposals launched in 2021. The works featured cross disciplinary and geographical boundaries, and include the perspectives of academics, civil society representatives, and innovators to help shift the conversation on AI from what we do know and foresee to what we do not, the missing links. The topics covered are wide ranging, including AI and Indigenous rights, Deepfakes, Third-Party Audits of AI Systems, AI alignment with SDGs, and the centralization of decision-making power AI allows. Policymakers and civil society members will benefit from the insightful perspectives brought forward to face the immense task they are presented with – which is to ensure the development of AI in a human-centred, responsible and ethical way, in accordance with human rights. 
Research on Child Labour in Agriculture in Eastern Europe and Central Asia 발행 연도: 2024 저자: Абдолова Садаф | Янбых Рената | Серова Евгения 단체 저자: Народонаселение The article deals with the problem of child labor in agriculture in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. An analysis of the legislation of these countries and scientific literature allowed us to uncover the causes and formulate some recommendations for preventing and reducing the use of child labor in agriculture in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The article was prepared on the basis of a study conducted by The Institute of Agricultural Research of the Higher School of Economics in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 2021. Детский труд в сельском хозяйстве Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии 발행 연도: 2024 저자: Абдолова Садаф | Янбых Рената | Серова Евгения 단체 저자: Народонаселение В статье рассматривается проблема детского труда в сельском хозяйстве Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии. Анализ законодательства этих стран и научной литературы позволили вскрыть причины и сформулировать некоторые рекомендации по предотвращению и сокращению использования детского труда в сельском хозяйстве Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии. Статья подготовлена на базе исследования, проведённого Институтом аграрных исследований НИУ «Высшая школа экономики» в сотрудничестве с Продовольственной и сельскохозяйственной организацией ООН (ФАО) и Международной организацией труда (МОТ) в 2021 году. 
문화다양성 교육 교사 연수 프로그램 효과 분석 (다문화교육연구; Vol. 17, No. 1) 발행 연도: 2024 저자: 성상환 | 모경환 | 박세나 | 김규정 단체 저자: 한국다문화교육학회 본 연구의 목적은 문화다양성 교육 역량 강화를 위한 교사 연수 프로그램의 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문화다양성 교사 교육에 관한 국내외의 주요 선행 연구를 검토하여 2박 3일 17시간의 집합 연수 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 2023년 8월 S대학교 E연구원을 통해 전국 초등학교 교사 26명을 대상으로 연수를 실시하였다. 연수 프로그램의 효과 검증을 위해 혼합 연구 방법론을 활용하였다. 연수 사전과 사후에 설문조사를 실시하여 교사의 문화적 신념 변화에 관한 양적 자료를 수집하고 대응표본 t검정을 활용하여 총 16부의 응답을 분석하였으며, 연수 종료 약 5개월 후 3명의 교사와 반구조화된 면담을 진행하여 연수 프로그램이 교사의 문화적 신념과 교육 실천에 미치는 총체적 효과를 확인하였다. 정량적 분석 결과 연수에 참여한 교사들의 문화적 신념은 연수 이후 통계적으로 유의미하게 개선되었으며, 정성적 분석 결과 연수 프로그램은 교사들의 문화적 신념 변화를 촉진하고 현장에서의 교육 실천 및 의지 형성에 기여한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 문화다양성 교육 실행의 주체로서 교사의 역할을 강조하며, 문화다양성 교육 역량과 신념을 목표로 한 교사 교육 프로그램의 효과에 대한 실증적 자료를 제공한다. 문화다양성 교사 교육 프로그램 및 그 효과에 관한 연구가 드문 실정에서 본 연구는 문화다양성 교사 연수 프로그램의 가능성과 과제를 제시하며, 문화다양성 교육을 위한 교사 전문성 연구에 기여할 것이다. 
Becoming Citizens in a Changing World: IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 International Report 발행 연도: 2017 저자: Wolfram Schulz, John Ainley, Julian Fraillon, Bruno Losito, Gabriella Agrusti, Tim Friedman 단체 저자: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) The International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 (ICCS 2016) investigated the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a range of countries in the second decade of the 21st century. It studied students’ knowledge and understanding of civics and citizenship as well as students’ attitudes, perceptions, and activities related to civics and citizenship. Based on nationally representative samples of students, the study also examined differences among countries in relation to these outcomes of civic and citizenship education, and explored how cross-national differences relate to student characteristics, school and community contexts, and national characteristics. As the second cycle of this study, ICCS 2016 is a continuation and an extension of ICCS 2009. 
School Violence and Bullying: Global Status Report 발행 연도: 2017 단체 저자: UNESCO School violence and bullying occurs throughout the world and affects a significant proportion of children and adolescents. It not only negatively impacts their educational outcomes, but harms their physical health and emotional well-being.This report aims to provide an overview of the most up-to-date available data on the nature, extent and impact of school violence and bullying and efforts to address the problem. It was prepared by UNESCO and the Institute of School Violence and Prevention at Ewha Womans University for the International Symposium on School Violence and Bullying: From Evidence to Action, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 17 – 19 January, 2017. 
Rwanda: In Search of Justice(Humains; no.30) 발행 연도: 2024 단체 저자: Action by Christians for the Abolition of Torture (ACAT France) On the thirtieth anniversary of the genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda, ACAT-France looks back at this tragic event for human rights. Discover the dossier in the magazine Humains #32 devoted to this subject. Rwanda: En quête de justice (Humains; n° 30) 발행 연도: 2024 단체 저자: Action by Christians for the Abolition of Torture (ACAT France) À l’occasion du trentième anniversaire du génocide des Tutsis au Rwanda, l’ACAT-France revient sur cet événement tragique pour les droits de l’Homme. Découvrez le dossier de la revue Humains #32 consacré à ce sujet.