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์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์˜นํ˜ธ ํ™œ๋™, ๊ต์ˆ˜, ํ•™์Šต ๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

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6 ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุนู† ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ: ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2017 ์ €์ž: Alwani Mubarak ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: University Mohamed Khider Biskra ุณุนุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ:  ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‚ุงู…ุช ุจู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉุŸ ู‡ู„ ุชุฃุซุฑุช ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฏูˆู„ ุจุงู„ุงุชูุงู‚ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฅู‚ู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู†ุงูˆู„ุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉุŸ ู…ุง ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉุŸ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠ ูˆุทุฑู‚ ุญู„ ุงู„ู†ุฒุงุนุงุช ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุฉ  International Responsibility for Environmental Protection: A Comparative Study ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2017 ์ €์ž: Alwani Mubarak ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: University Mohamed Khider Biskra The study sought to answer the following questions:  What is the role that the United Nations and its affiliated organizations have played towards the environment? Have the countries' internal domestic laws been affected by global and regional agreements? What is the role of civil and criminal liability in protecting the environment? How can the criminal liability of a legal person be determined and methods of resolving disputes?  ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุฉ ูˆุฏูˆุฑู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฏุงู…ุฉ- ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู…ูŠุฏุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจู…ุคุณุณุงุช ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุจู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุจุณูƒุฑุฉ- ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2013 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: University Mohamed Khider Biskra ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฃุทุฑูˆุญุฉ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุงู‡ ุจุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆุฑูŠุฉ. ุชู†ุงู‚ุด ุงู„ุงุทุฑูˆุญุฉ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฏุงู…ุฉ. ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ู‡ุฌ ุงู„ูˆุตููŠ ูˆุฑูƒุฒุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ุจุณูƒุฑุฉ.   Environmental Education and Its Role in Sustainable Development: A Field Study in Intermediate Education Institutions in the City of Biskra ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2013 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: University Mohamed Khider Biskra The file is a doctoral thesis in an Algerian university. The thesis discusses the role of environmental education in achieving sustainable development. The study used the descriptive approach and focused on the city of Biskra.  ุจูŠู† ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ูˆู…ู…ุงุฑุณุชู‡ุง -ุจุญุซ ููŠ ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุชู†ุดุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู† ุงู„ู†ุดูŠุท (vol.7, no.1 ู…ุฌู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ุฏ ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ) ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2023 ์ €์ž: Yusuf Zadam ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุฎูŠุถุฑ ุจุณูƒุฑุฉ ุชู‚ุฏู… ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุจุญุซุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู…ุŒ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชุณุงุคู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ุชู†ุดุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู† ุงู„ู†ุดูŠุท. ู…ุญุงุฌุฌุง ุจุฃู† ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ู„ุง ูŠูƒููŠุŒ ุจู„ ูŠุฌุจ ู…ู…ุงุฑุณุฉ ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฎุชู„ู ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ูˆุณู„ูˆูƒูŠุงุช ุงู„ูุงุนู„ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุณุท ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠ. ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุถู…ู†ุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุชุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุง ููŠ ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุบูˆุจ ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุดูˆุฏุฉุŒ ู…ุคูƒุฏุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† "ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู† ุงู„ู†ุดูŠุท" ูˆ"ุงู„ู…ุชู„ู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠ". ูƒู…ุง ุชุถู…ู†ุช ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ ู…ู† ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉ. ุชูˆุตู„ุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ู‡ูŠ "ู…ุตู†ุน" ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุดุทูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุชู„ู‚ูŠู† ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูุฅู† ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุญูƒู… ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ูุงุนู„ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุญุฏุฏ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†. Citizenship Between Education and Practice: A Research on the Mechanisms of Training an Active Citizen (vol.7, no.1; Al-Naqid Journal for Political Studies) ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2023 ์ €์ž: Yusuf Zadam ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: Mohamed Khider University of Biskra The study delves into the relationship between citizenship and education, aiming to understand the mechanisms for fostering an engaged citizenry. It argues that merely educating individuals about citizenship is insufficient; rather, democracy must be practiced within the diverse institutions, processes, and behaviors within the school. As such, the study elucidates the characteristics of the ideal citizen and desired citizenship, emphasizing the distinction between an 'active citizen' and a 'passive recipient.' Additionally, it explores the transition from citizenship education to a comprehension of democracy. The findings reveal that the school serves as a crucial arena shaping both active citizens and passive recipients. Therefore, the dynamics among various actors within the school environment significantly influence the type of citizen produced.