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Gender Bias, Citizen Participation, and AI (Policy Research Working Papers; Planet; RRR; 11046) Год публикации: 2025 Автор: Jose Antonio Cuesta Leiva | Natalia Gisel Pecorari Организация-автор: World Bank This paper investigates the role of gender bias in artificial intelligence–driven analyses of citizen participation, using data from the 2023 Latinobarómetro Survey. The paper proposes that gender bias—whether societal, data driven, or algorithmic—significantly affects civic engagement. Using machine learning, particularly decision trees, the analysis explores how self-reported societal bias (machismo norms) interacts with personal characteristics and circumstances to shape civic participation. The findings show that individuals with reportedly low levels of gender bias, who express political interest, have high levels of education, and align with left-wing views, are more likely to participate. The paper also explores different strategies to mitigate gender bias in both the data and the algorithms, demonstrating that gender bias remains a persistent factor even after applying corrective measures. Notably, lower machismo thresholds are required for participation in more egalitarian societies, with men needing to exhibit especially low machismo levels. Ultimately, the findings emphasize the importance of integrated strategies to tackle gender bias and increase participation, offering a framework for future studies to expand on nonlinear and complex social dynamics.
2024기후서비스현황: 5년경과보고서 (2019–2024) Год публикации: 2024 Организация-автор: World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 2018년 유엔기후변화협약 (UNFCCC) 제24차 당사국 총회에서 파리협정 당사국 회의를 주재하는 총회 (COP)는 WMO가 기후서비스를 위한 글로벌 프레임워크 (GFCS)를 통해 기후 서비스 현황을 정기적으로 보고할 것을 촉구했습니다.WMO는 UNFCCC COP의 국가 적응 요구 사항에 대한 추가 정보 요청에 따라 2019년부터 기후 서비스 현황에 대한 연례 보고서를 발간했습니다.2 제공된 정보는 국가, 자금 기관 및 개발 파트너가 기후서비스 격차와 요구사항을 해결하는 데 필요한 단계를 식별하고, 보다 효과적인 투자를 알리고, 적응 및 개발 결과를 개선하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 2024년판 보고서는 기후 서비스의 현재 상태를 설명하는 동시에 지난 5년 동안 이루어진 진전을 조사하고 평가합니다. 이 보고서는 기후 문제에 대한 기후 정책 대응과 기후 서비스 가치 사슬 전반에 걸쳐 국가 기상 및 수문 서비스 (NMHSs)가 이룬 진전을 살펴봅니다. 올해의 에디션에는 13개국이 기후서비스를 성공적으로 사용하여 국가, 지역 또는 글로벌 수준에서 사회 경제적 혜택을 제공한 방법에 대한 심층적인 조사도 포함됩니다. 이 분석은 지난 5년 동안 여러 부문에 걸쳐 개발된 113개의 사례 연구를 기반으로 하며, 주요 지원 요소를 조사하고, 기후 서비스가 창출하는 가치를 보여줍니다.
Learning at Risk: the Impact of Climate Displacement on the Right to Education; Global Report Год публикации: 2023 Организация-автор: UNESCO How climate displacement the impacts the right to education The growing impacts of climate change and displacement on education can no longer be ignored. The increasing number of people displaced due to climate change faces unique vulnerabilities, especially in terms of access to education. This challenge is not only attributed to the often limited political and legal recognition of these displaced persons, but also stems from the global community’s lack of awareness of the diverse obstacles they encounter in seeking access to education. This global report, which concludes the “Initiative on the impact of climate change and displacement on the right to education”, aims to provide guidance to policy-makers worldwide on how to better respect, protect and fulfil the right to education of climate-displaced people. It provides an overview of climate-induced barriers to education, and global policy guidance on how to ensure the protection of the right to education of these populations. The report will inform UNESCO’s Initiative on “The evolving right to education within a lifelong learning perspective” which is investigating how the right to education, as enshrined in international normative instruments, could be strengthened to meet modern needs in our rapidly changing societies.
Disability Equality in the Media: Representation, Accessibility, Management; Practical Manual Год публикации: 2025 Организация-автор: UNESCO Promoting Disability Equality in the Media Despite all the positive changes happening in newsrooms and leadership roles, diversity in the media remains a challenge.When certain groups are left out, the media fails to present all angles of a story, missing diverse perspectives and innovative ideas. Consequently, audiences do not receive the full picture, and promises of fair and accurate representation often fall short, affecting our perceptions of each other in society. It is the case of persons with disabilities, who make up 16 percent of the global population but remain one of the most marginalized groups. Media coverage frequently overlooks them, and when their stories are told, they are often framed through stereotypes. This not only creates barriers but also denies them their rights. To address this, media organizations should enhance editorial policies and representation, improve employment conditions, and foster a more inclusive environment for professionals with disabilities.The Practical Manual and Master Class provide hands-on advice to editorial teams on how to ensure fair and unbiased coverage of disability. For content producers, it details how to make media content and services accessible. To managers and decision makers, the material inspires change, demonstrating how disability equality can contribute to media industry growth and create new revenue streams.This work contributes to the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) and promotes freedom of expression, media development, and access to information for the meaningful participation of persons with disabilities in public debate.
Igualdad para las personas con discapacidad en los medios: representación, accesibilidad, gestión : manual práctico Год публикации: 2025 Организация-автор: UNESCO Promover la igualdad para las personas con discapacidad en los mediosA pesar de todos los cambios positivos que suceden en las salas de prensa y con los roles de liderazgo, la diversidad en los medios continúa presentando un desafío. Cuando se excluyen ciertos grupos, los medios omiten mostrar todos los ángulos de una historia, las distintas perspectivas y las ideas innovadoras. Por lo tanto, la audiencia no recibe la información completa y las promesas de una representación certera, generalmente, no son suficientes, lo que afecta nuestra percepción del otro en la sociedad. Es el caso de las personas con discapacidad, que constituyen un dieciséis por ciento de la población global, pero aún es uno de los grupos más marginados. La cobertura de los medios con frecuencia los ignora y cuando se cuentan sus historias, por lo general, se enmarcan en un estereotipo. Esto no solo crea obstáculos, sino que además les niega el ejercicio de sus derechos. A fin de abordar esta situación, los medios deben ampliar las políticas editoriales y aumentar la representación, mejorar las condiciones de empleo y promover un entorno más inclusivo para profesionales con discapacidad.El Manual Práctico y la Master Class brindan consejos útiles para los equipos editoriales sobre el modo de asegurar que la cobertura de las personas con discapacidad sea justa y no esté sesgada. Para los generadores de contenido, se detalla de qué manera hacer que el contenido y los servicios mediáticos sean accesibles. Para gerentes y quienes estén a cargo de tomar decisiones, este material alienta a realizar cambios, demostrando cómo la igualdad de las personas con discapacidad puede contribuir al crecimiento de la industriaz mediática y generar nuevas fuentes de ingreso.Este trabajo contribuye a implementar la Convención Internacional de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad de 2006 y promueve la libertad de expresión, el desarrollo de los medios y el acceso a la información, a fin de que las personas con discapacidad participen significativamente en el debate público.
Countering and addressing online hate speech: a guide for policy makers and practitioners Год публикации: 2023 Организация-автор: UN. Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect Online hate speech remains a critical challenge to advancing the objectives set out in the UN Strategy and Plan of Action on Hate Speech and the pillars of the United Nations work, namely Peace and Security, Human Rights and Sustainable Development. The recommendations outlined in this policy paper, provide a framework for countering hate speech, in line with international human rights norms and standards. The recommendations are based on three years of consultations and dialogue, including with the technology and social media companies, experts, the UN Working Group on Hate Speech and civil society. Their implementation should be part of broader efforts to address hate speech globally, including its root causes and impact offline, in line with the UN Strategy and Plan of Action. The pursuit of these recommendations should also prioritize participation and engagement directly with the victims of hate speech, underpinned by the principles of non-discrimination and leaving no one behind.
Глобальные тенденции в области свободы выражения мнений и развития средств массовой информации: Цифровые средства информации, 2015 г. Год публикации: 2017 Автор: Iginio Gagliardone | Danit Gal | Thiago Alves Pinto | Gabriela Martinez Sainz Организация-автор: UNESCO Учитывая успех первого доклада о глобальных тенденциях и необходимость проведения дополнительных исследований, ЮНЕСКО возглавила работу над вторым изданием в серии докладов, сосредоточив внимание на подробном анализе ряда тенденций цифровой эпохи. В докладе ЮНЕСКО о «Глобальных тенденциях в области свободы выражения мнений и развития средств информации: цифровые средства информации» за 2015 г. содержится глубокий анализ ключевых областей, названных в первом докладе о глобальных тенденциях наиболее важными для дальнейшего изучения, а именно: язык ненависти в интернете, защита журналистских источников информации и роль интернет-посредников в содействии свободе выражения мнений, а также обращается особое внимание на вопрос безопасности журналистов. Доклад также опирается на вопросы, поднятые в проведенном ЮНЕСКО в 2015 г. исследовании под названием «Основные принципы построения инклюзивных обществ знаний». 