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Construction of Citizenship: Experience of Implementing an Index of Citizen Participation in Latin America Год публикации: 2006 Автор: Isidro Adúriz | Pablo Ava Организация-автор: Universidad de Salamanca The aim of this paper is to establish the main conceptual and methodological lines in order to carry out an investigation about levels and forms of citizen participation. This paper is the result of the formation of a Citizen Participation Index in Latin America in its 2005 edition. It was promoted by the Inter-American Network for Democracy and implemented by the Economic and Social Research Foundation. Construcción de Ciudadanía: Experiencia de Implementación de un Índice de Participación Ciudadana en América Latina Год публикации: 2006 Автор: Isidro Adúriz | Pablo Ava Организация-автор: Universidad de Salamanca El objetivo del presente documento es establecer los principales lineamientos conceptuales y metodológicos para llevar a cabo una investigación que dé cuenta de los niveles y modalidades de participación ciudadana. El mismo está basado en la experiencia de la construcción del Índice de Participación Ciudadana en América Latina en su edición del año 2005 impulsado por la Red Interamericana para la Democracia e implementado por la Fundación de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales. 
Anthropology of Citizenship? ... Ethnic. Under Construction from Latin America Год публикации: 2007 Автор: Xochitl Leyva Solano The main argument of this article develops around the concept of citizenship which I will examine taking as a starting point contributions made in the fields of law studies, philosophy and anthropology. There have been considerable advances in the social sciences with the proposition and discussion of new composite concepts such as “multicultural citizenship”, “intercultural citizenship”, and “ethnic citizenship”. With “ethnic citizenship” in particular, scholars have been trying to respond to the history and nature of the demands, claims and struggles that indigenous organizations and communities, movements and their leaders have made in Latin America over the past three decades. ¿Who proposed this concept, and when, where and for what purposes was it developed? What are the advantages and limits of “ethnic citizenship”? Who is using this concept now and in what social and political contexts? This discussion leads me to ask whether it is possible to speak of an emerging, alternative Latin American model of interpretation. ¿Antropología de la Ciudadanía?... Étnica. En Construcción desde América Latina Год публикации: 2007 Автор: Xochitl Leyva Solano En este artículo tomo como hilo conductor el concepto de ciudadanía haciéndolo cruzar desde los campos de interés propios del derecho y la filosofía hacia el de la antropología. Ello es posible hacerlo hoy gracias a que científicos sociales de varias latitudes han acuñado términos como “ciudadanía cultural”, “ciudadanía multicultural”, “ciudadanía intercultural” y “ciudadanía étnica”. Este último concepto ha sido acuñado atendiendo principalmente la historia y la naturaleza de las demandas, los reclamos y las luchas que han llevado a cabo, desde el último cuarto del siglo XX, las comunidades, líderes, organizaciones y movimientos indígenas de América Latina. ¿Quiénes lo acuñaron? ¿Cuándo, dónde y para qué? ¿Qué aportes y qué límites encontramos al usarlo? ¿Quiénes lo están utilizando y bajo qué contextos? Tomando como punto de partida dicho término ¿se podría hablar de la existencia de un modelo interpretativo alternativo, emergente y propiamente latinoamericano? 
And the Right to the City? Approaches to Racism, Patriarchal Domination and Feminist Strategies of Resistance in Cali, Colombia Год публикации: 2015 Автор: Vicenta Moreno Hurtado | Debaye Mornan This article seeks to give visibility to some spatial strategies of resistance developed by black women in the predominantly black district of Aguablanca District (DA), in eastern Cali, Colombia, against the systematic violence they are daily subjected to. We contextualize their practices within the systematic violence of displacement, paramilitaries terror and spatial segregation in the city. It also seeks to discuss how black women resist stigma, political marginalization and death in a city divided along racial and gender lines. The questions that guide this article are: What is the role of racism and patriarchal domination in the production of “geographies of violence” in Cali? What are the strategies of resistance developed by black women in these topographies of violence? Ultimately, the article seeks to fulfill a gap in academic discourses that silence on black women’s social suffering and that regard them as disorganized, a-political and passive victims. ¿Y el Derecho a la Ciudad? Aproximaciones al Racismo, la Dominación Patriarcal y las Estrategias Feministas de Resistencia en Cali, Colombia Год публикации: 2015 Автор: Vicenta Moreno Hurtado | Debaye Mornan Este artículo busca dar visibilidad a algunas estrategias espaciales de resistencia desarrolladas por mujeres negras del Distrito de Aguablanca (DA), en el Oriente de Cali, Colombia, frente a la violencia sistemática a la que se ven diariamente sometidas. Contextualizamos estas violencias sistemáticas como producto del destierro, el paramilitarismo y la segregación espacial en la ciudad. Se busca también discutir cómo las mujeres negras resisten a la estigmatización, la marginación política y la muerte en una ciudad racialmente dividida. Las preguntas que orientan este articulo son: ¿Cuál es el papel del racismo y la dominación patriarcal en la producción de las “geografías de la violencia” en Cali? ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de resistencia desarrolladas por las mujeres negras en estas topografías de la violencia? En últimas, el artículo busca contraponerse a las narrativas académicas y discursos políticos que criminalizan la vida de la gente negra en los sectores populares y que generalmente presentan a las mujeres negras solamente como víctimas, o como desorganizadas y apolíticas. 
Children with Disabilities in Remote Regions of Tajikistan Have No Access to Quality Education Год публикации: 2023 Организация-автор: CABAR.asia Parents of children with disabilities from remote villages in Khatlon Province are concerned about their children’s education conditions, but authorities say all are covered. У детей с инвалидностью в отдаленных регионах Таджикистана нет доступа к качественному образованию Год публикации: 2023 Организация-автор: CABAR.asia Родители детей с инвалидностью из отдаленных сел Хатлонской области обеспокоены условиями обучения своих детей, но власти заявляют, что все они охвачены образованием. 
Input for Report on Disinformation Год публикации: 2021 Организация-автор: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) IFLA responded to a call for inputs about human rights impacts of measures against disinformation, issued by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression. Concerns over – and dialogue about ways to address – the negative impacts of false and misleading information online have remained high on the agenda over the past months, particularly in light of prominent examples of health and electoral dis- and mis-information.Disinformation, uniquely challenging in the increasingly dense and complex digital information environment, interferes with individuals’ ability to make informed decisions and realise their essential human rights. However, the new call for inputs by the UN Special Rapporteur also draws attention to the concerns about human rights impacts of measures which different stakeholders – from states to online platforms, human rights organisations and others – take to combat disinformation.These include, of course, the impacts of broadly- or vaguely-defined “fake news” laws on freedom of expression and opinion; or internet shutdowns that bear a heavy cost on people’s access to information as a driver of development and rights.In light of this, IFLA’s submission highlights the potential of media and information literacy interventions to help address the challenges of mis- and dis-information. Drawing on the global library field’s experiences, it points to some possible good practices and insights from the ongoing work and research in this field – from targeted and tailored outreach initiatives that can help reach those who are not currently in formal education, to scalability and replicability of interventions.Of course, this is an emerging field. Our understanding of how media and information literacy interventions can be effectively leveraged against disinformation, pitfalls to avoid and ways to maximise impact, continues to evolve. That’s why the submission emphasises the need for more research and cross-stakeholder collaboration – and libraries can and do offer valuable practical and theoretical insights for this ongoing discussion. 
Engaging Girls, Boys and Youth as Active Citizens: Plan International’s Position Paper Год публикации: 2020 Организация-автор: Plan International Plan International believes that every child and young person has the right to express their views freely and safely; influence decisions and take action on issues that matter to them. However, around the world children and young people – particularly girls and young women – face significant challenges in realising this right. They tend to be wrongly dismissed as insufficiently mature to participate in political and civic processes. They also tend to be stigmatised as potential perpetrators of disruption, not as valued citizens and contributors to society who can lead and drive positive change. Plan International is calling for a paradigm shift in the way the international community talks about, engages and partners with children and young people. Children and young people are not just the future. They are the present. Young people constitute almost half of the world’s population, yet they are dramatically underrepresented – even excluded – in political decision-making. It is critical that their views and needs are taken into account politically, socially, legally and economically. Promoting the voices and views of children and young people – especially girls and women – in all their diversity and supporting them to actively engage in decision-making on issues that affect their lives must be an urgent priority for the world’s power holders. Realising children and young people’s civil and political rights is a prerequisite for building sustainable and peaceful societies, and a gender just world envisioned in international human rights frameworks and the 2030 Agenda’s Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs).Across the 75+ countries Plan International works in, young people have consistently identified the denial of their political and civil rights as a priority issue. In March 2017, Plan International conducted consultations with young women and men aged 14 to 30 from 14 countries. In every country, young people reported a sense of “citizen responsibility” and an interest in public life, yet identified the lack of platforms to meaningfully engage with decision-makers and inability to ensure their opinions are taken seriously as key barriers. Girls and young women in particular have called for the removal of gendered norms that increase those barriers, silence their voices and disproportionately hold them back from leadership and active citizenship.