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UNESCO Green Citizens: Une voix globale pour des acteurs locaux du changement 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: UNESCO L’UNESCO lance l’initiative UNESCO Green Citizens, un projet phare visant à soutenir l’engagement des citoyens pour la planète. La campagne offre une voix globale aux acteurs locaux du changement, en mettant en lumière des projets citoyens innovants du monde entier. 
Countering Online Hate Speech 出版年份: 2015 作者: Iginio Gagliardone | Danit Gal | Thiago Alves | Gabriela Martinez 机构作者: UNESCO The present report provides a global overview of the dynamics characterizing hate speech online and some of the measures that have been adopted to counteract and mitigate it, highlighting good practices that have emerged at the local and global levels. While the study offers a comprehensive analysis of the international, regional and national normative frameworks developed to address hate speech online, and their repercussions for freedom of expression, it places particular emphasis on social and non-regulatory mechanisms that can help to counter the production, dissemination and impact of hateful messages online. 
Colour? What colour? Report on the fight against discrimination and racism in football 出版年份: 2015 作者: Albrecht Sonntag | David Ranc 机构作者: UNESCO Football has been shown to be a mirror of society, it may also be viewed as providing a temporary suspension of reality for an interlude of high emotion and idealized hopes and dreams. Football’s public transcends differences of age, gender, culture, religion, and socioeconomic status to unite in support of their team. The broad diversity of backgrounds of football players represents tangible evidence of equal opportunity and meritocracy. The sport itself has team solidarity, fair play and mutual respect among members and for opponents ingrained within its rules and practices. Yet, the ‘beautiful game’ is one with an imbedded paradox. Football is also a game that may in many vaguely resemble war, where opponents face each other in a struggle to win over the other side, with the noisy and emphatic support of the spectators. An ‘us’ and ‘them’ mentality is an integral part of trying to help a team reach the objective, which is to win the game. This setting naturally produces a desire by supporters to intimidate the other side by encouraging their team and expressing both confidence and superiority through their words and actions. When the ‘us’ and ‘them’ mentality turns into symbolic exclusion of others, language of disparagement and insult based on racism or discrimination, or physical confrontation, the ‘beautiful game’ is debased. The existence of racism and discrimination in football is not a secret, but it is a shame on the game. Although much is already being done, both observers and experts feel too many problems persist and measures to tackle them have not been effective enough. This report was commissioned by UNESCO within the framework of UNESCO’s partnership with Juventus. It focuses on discrimination and racism in professional football and to some extent the amateur clubs that funnel into the leagues. It provides an overview of the historic and theoretical background. It reports on the state of affairs on the ground. It summarizes what has been done and is being done to mitigate racism and discrimination in domestic and international football, how the effects of these actions may be evaluated, and which new avenues for further, complementary action are promising. The report is based on a literature review, desk research, regional reports from the Unesco network and a field survey among a purposive sample of experts and actors in a number of countries. The report has a somewhat European focus, in its sources and examples. Europe has a unique position Executive Summary in the world of football, with its leading competitions, championships and clubs. It is the region where racism and discrimination in football has been most intensively researched. A number of civil society organisations from Europe have played a pioneering role in the fight against racism and discrimination in football. Moreover, the pressure that comes with the money invested in and generated by western European football, as well as its exposure in the media, has also made clubs, federations and UEFA particularly sensitive to the negative impact that discrimination can have on the game and its image, within Europe and worldwide. Europe must therefore occupy a central role in a study of the fight against discrimination in professional football and in determined policies to mitigate racism and discrimination related to football wherever they occur. The examples of incidents of discrimination and racism, as well as of existing measures to combat them have been selected to be as wide-ranging as possible. The authors do not, however, claim the report to be a comprehensive listing. Similarly, the examples of best practice have been collected through extensive reading and contacts, but must be looked at as an overview rather than as a directory. They are chosen by the authors to illustrate types of actions and institutions with the potential for greatest impact. The report also does not deal with the methods of allocation of resources to football, with issues of employment, or with womens’ football. While these are significant topics on which concerns can be expressed, the necessary focus of a report of this type means that they are alluded to without being treated in depth. 
Education at a Glance 2020: OECD Indicators 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: OECD Education at a Glance is the authoritative source for information on the state of education around the world. It provides data on the structure, finances and performance of education systems across OECD countries and a number of partner economies. More than 100 charts and tables in this publication – as well as links to much more available on the educational database – provide key information on the output of educational institutions; the impact of learning across countries; access, participation and progression in education; the financial resources invested in education; and teachers, the learning environment and the organisation of schools.The 2020 edition includes a focus on vocational education and training, investigating participation in vocational education and training at various levels of education, the labour market and social outcomes of vocational graduates as well as the human and financial resources invested in vocational institutions. Two new indicators on how vocational education and training systems differ around the world and on upper secondary completion rate complement this topic. A specific chapter is dedicated to the Sustainable Development Goal 4, and investigates the quality and participation in secondary education. 
The Impact of COVID-19 on Education: Insights From Education at a Glance 2020 出版年份: 2020 作者: Andreas Schleicher 机构作者: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) OECD Director for Education and Skills Andreas Schleicher gives his insights and interpretations from the OECD’s Education at a Glance 2020 report – the go-to source for information on the state of education around the world. This brochure focuses on a selection of indicators from Education at a Glance, selected for their particular relevance in the current context. Their analysis enables the understanding of countries’ response and potential impact from the COVID-19 containment measures. 
Towards Inclusion in Education: Status, Trends and Challenges: The UNESCO Salamanca Statement 25 Years on 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: UNESCO The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development focuses on leaving no one behind with its Goal 4 on education calling upon education systems ‘to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all’. With ten years remaining to the target date of 2030, countries need to step up e¬orts to reach out to all learners, respect their diverse needs, abilities and characteristics and eliminate all forms of discrimination in the learning environment. This requires adopting an inclusive approach whose foundations have been laid by the UNESCO World Conference on Special Needs Education held in Salamanca, Spain, in 1994. The publication looks at the past, present and future since Salamanca. It provides examples from around the world and make recommendations to guide the further development of inclusive national policies and practices. 
Colour? What colour? Relazione sulla lotta contro la discriminazione e il razzismo nel calcio 出版年份: 2015 作者: Albrecht Sonntag | David Ranc Football has been shown to be a mirror of society, it may also be viewed as providing a temporary suspension of reality for an interlude of high emotion and idealized hopes and dreams. Football’s public transcends differences of age, gender, culture, religion, and socioeconomic status to unite in support of their team. The broad diversity of backgrounds of football players represents tangible evidence of equal opportunity and meritocracy. The sport itself has team solidarity, fair play and mutual respect among members and for opponents ingrained within its rules and practices. Yet, the ‘beautiful game’ is one with an imbedded paradox. Football is also a game that may in many vaguely resemble war, where opponents face each other in a struggle to win over the other side, with the noisy and emphatic support of the spectators. An ‘us’ and ‘them’ mentality is an integral part of trying to help a team reach the objective, which is to win the game. This setting naturally produces a desire by supporters to intimidate the other side by encouraging their team and expressing both confidence and superiority through their words and actions. When the ‘us’ and ‘them’ mentality turns into symbolic exclusion of others, language of disparagement and insult based on racism or discrimination, or physical confrontation, the ‘beautiful game’ is debased. The existence of racism and discrimination in football is not a secret, but it is a shame on the game. Although much is already being done, both observers and experts feel too many problems persist and measures to tackle them have not been effective enough. This report was commissioned by UNESCO within the framework of UNESCO’s partnership with Juventus. It focuses on discrimination and racism in professional football and to some extent the amateur clubs that funnel into the leagues. It provides an overview of the historic and theoretical background. It reports on the state of affairs on the ground. It summarizes what has been done and is being done to mitigate racism and discrimination in domestic and international football, how the effects of these actions may be evaluated, and which new avenues for further, complementary action are promising. The report is based on a literature review, desk research, regional reports from the Unesco network and a field survey among a purposive sample of experts and actors in a number of countries. The report has a somewhat European focus, in its sources and examples. Europe has a unique position Executive Summary in the world of football, with its leading competitions, championships and clubs. It is the region where racism and discrimination in football has been most intensively researched. A number of civil society organisations from Europe have played a pioneering role in the fight against racism and discrimination in football. Moreover, the pressure that comes with the money invested in and generated by western European football, as well as its exposure in the media, has also made clubs, federations and UEFA particularly sensitive to the negative impact that discrimination can have on the game and its image, within Europe and worldwide. Europe must therefore occupy a central role in a study of the fight against discrimination in professional football and in determined policies to mitigate racism and discrimination related to football wherever they occur. The examples of incidents of discrimination and racism, as well as of existing measures to combat them have been selected to be as wide-ranging as possible. The authors do not, however, claim the report to be a comprehensive listing. Similarly, the examples of best practice have been collected through extensive reading and contacts, but must be looked at as an overview rather than as a directory. They are chosen by the authors to illustrate types of actions and institutions with the potential for greatest impact. The report also does not deal with the methods of allocation of resources to football, with issues of employment, or with womens’ football. While these are significant topics on which concerns can be expressed, the necessary focus of a report of this type means that they are alluded to without being treated in depth. 
Evaluation of UNESCO’s Action to Prevent Violent Extremism 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: UNESCO Internal Oversight Service (IOS) The purpose of this evaluation was twofold. To provide evidence, ideas and insights on how UNESCO’s efforts on PVE in the period from 2015-2018 have contributed to enhancing UNESCO’s action and position in the PVE sphere in light of the decisions of Member States. And to provide evidence and formulate lessons learned and good practices on the intersectoral approach with the aim of informing what works and what does not work in intersectoral cooperation.The evaluation found that UNESCO’s work on PVE was context specific and adjusted to respond to the needs of the countries and sub-regions where the work was being implemented.UNESCO’s work is aligned with the agency’s mandate and expertise and makes the most of its strong relationships with government bodies and civil society actors. UNESCO’s work on PVE has led to positive results around the quality, use and effectiveness of guidance documents, around capacity building of UNESCO partners and stakeholders, and around the provision of expertise and policy advice both at national and global level. Using an intersectoral approach led to an increase in information sharing and coordination. However, this was not always translated to intersectoral implementation or delivery of PVE initiatives. 
International Conference on School Bullying: Recommendations by the Scientific Committee on Preventing and Addressing School Bullying and Cyberbullying 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: UNESCO | France. Ministère de l'éducation nationale, de la jeunesse et des sports UNESCO and the French Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports organize an International Conference on School Bullying on 5 November 2020. The conference builds on commitments made at the July 2019 meeting of education ministers of the G7, under the French Presidency, and marks the celebration of the first-ever International Day Against Violence and Bullying at School including Cyberbullying.This document presents a summary of a first set of recommendations made by the Scientific Committee on three key issues:- How should the definition of school bullying be revisited to develop more comprehensive and targeted initiatives to tackle bullying in all its forms? What aspects should be considered for a more inclusive definition?- How effective national responses to bullying should look like, based on existing evidence? What are the key components and characteristics of a comprehensive approach to bullying and cyberbullying?- What additional or specific strategies and actions should be taken into consideration when planning and implementing responses to cyberbullying? Conférence internationale sur la lutte contre le harcèlement entre élèves: Recommandations du Comité scientifique sur la lutte contre le harcèlement et cyber-harcèlement 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: UNESCO | France. Ministère de l'éducation nationale, de la jeunesse et des sports L’UNESCO et le Ministère français de l’Éducation nationale, de la Jeunesse et des Sports organisent une Conférence internationale sur la lutte contre le harcèlement entre élèves le 5 novembre 2020. La conférence s’appuie sur les engagements pris lors de la réunion des ministres de l’Éducation du G7 sous la présidence française en juillet 2019, et marque la célébration de la première Journée internationale contre la violence et le harcèlement à l’école, y compris le cyber-harcèlement.Ce document présente un résumé d’une première série de recommandations formulées par le Comité scientifique sur trois questions clés :- Comment revisiter la définition du harcèlement en milieu scolaire afin d’élaborer des réponses plus complètes et mieux ciblées pour lutter contre le harcèlement sous toutes ses formes ? Quels sont les aspects à prendre en considération pour une définition plus inclusive ?- Sur la base des données existantes, à quoi devraient ressembler des réponses nationales efficaces au harcèlement ? Quelles sont les principales composantes et caractéristiques d’une approche holistique pour lutter contre le harcèlement et le cyber-harcèlement ?- Quelles stratégies et actions supplémentaires ou spécifiques devraient être prises en considération lors de la planification et de la mise en œuvre des réponses au cyber-harcèlement ?