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[Facts and Figures] The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: Water and Climate Change; Facts and Figures 出版年份: 2020 作者: Engin Koncagül | Michael Tran | Richard Connor 机构作者: UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) Since the mid-20th century, changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather and climate events have been observed, including a decrease in cold temperature extremes, an increase in warm temperature extremes, an increase in extremely high sea levels and an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events in a number of regions (Min et al., 2011).Climate projections indicate with high confidence that extreme precipitation events will become more intense and frequent in many regions, but also that heatwaves will occur more often and last longer. The former will increase global flood risk (Hirabayashi et al., 2013), while the latter is expected to make droughts more intense (Trenberth et al., 2014). These risks are unevenly distributed geographically, and are generally larger for vulnerable people and communities in countries at all levels of development (IPCC, 2014a). Figure 1. Global water withdrawals throughout the previous centuryFigure 2. Climate change scenario trends in water availabilityFigure 3. Annual baseline water stressFigure 4. Seasonal variabilityFigure 5. World weather-related natural catastrophes by peril, 1980–2018Figure 6. Spatial distribution of water-related disasters (droughts, floods, landslides and storms), 2001–2018Figure 7. Spatial distribution of floods, 2001–2018Figure 8. Spatial distribution of droughts, 2001–2018Figure 9. Electricity consumption in the water sector by process, 2014–2040Figure 10. Number of people living under water stress under the Baseline Scenario [Faits et chiffres] Rapport mondial des Nations Unies sur la mise en valeur des ressources en eau 2020: l'eau et les changements climatiques, faits et chiffres 出版年份: 2020 作者: Engin Koncagül | Michael Tran | Richard Connor 机构作者: UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) Depuis le milieu du 20e siècle, on a observé des changements dans l’intensité et la fréquence des phénomènes météorologiques et climatiques extrêmes, notamment une diminution des extrêmes de température froide et une augmentation des extrêmes de température chaude, des niveaux de mer extrêmement élevés et du nombre de fortes précipitations dans un certain nombre de régions (Min et al., 2011).Les projections climatiques indiquent avec une grande confiance que les précipitations extrêmes deviendront plus intenses et plus fréquentes dans de nombreuses régions, mais aussi que les vagues de chaleur seront plus fréquentes et dureront plus longtemps. Les premières augmenteront le risque d’inondation au niveau mondiale (Hirabayashi et al., 2013), tandis que les dernières devraient rendre les sécheresses plus intenses (Trenberth et al., 2014). Ces risques sont répartis géographiquement de façon inégale et ils sont généralement plus importants pour les personnes et les communautés vulnérables dans les pays à tous les niveaux de développement (GIEC, 2014a). Figure 1. Préèements d’eau dans le monde au cours du 20e sièleFigure 2. Tendances des scéarios de changement climatique en matièe de disponibilitéde l’eauFigure 3. Stress hydrique annuel de référenceFigure 4. VariabilitésaisonnièeFigure 5. Catastrophes naturelles mondiales liées au climat, par risque et par nombre d’événements pertinents,1980–2018Figure 6. Réartition spatiale des catastrophes liés àl’eau (séheresses, inondations, glissements de terrain et tempêes) 2001–2018Figure 7. Répartition spatiale des inondations, 2001–2018Figure 8. Répartition spatiale de sécheresses, 2001–2018Figure 9. Consommation d’électricité dans le secteur de l’eau, par procédé, 2014–2040Figure 10. Nombre de personnes en situation de stress hydrique selon le scénario de référence 
Gender, Climate & Security: Sustaining Inclusive Peace on the Frontlines of Climate Change 出版年份: 2020 机构作者: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) | United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Climate change is a defining threat to peace and security in the 21st century – its impacts felt by everyone, but not equally. Gender norms and power dynamics shape how women and men of different backgrounds experience or contribute to insecurity in a changing climate. Grounded in a series of case studies from research and programming experience, this report offers a comprehensive framework for understanding how gender, climate and security are inextricably linked. The report assesses entry points for action across existing global agendas and suggests concrete recommendations for how policymakers, development practitioners and donors can advance three inter-related goals: peace and security, climate action and gender equality. 
The Climate Dictionary: Speak Climate Fluently 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) The Climate Dictionary is a guide to understanding climate change. It aims to bridge the gap between complex scientific jargon and the general public, making climate concepts accessible and understandable to people of different backgrounds and levels of expertise. It is based on the belief that empowering people with knowledge is crucial to fostering collective action and responsibility in the face of climate change. Using a creative combination of engaging images, concise explanations and engaging storytelling, The Climate Dictionary effectively communicates complex climate concepts in a visual and easy-to-consume way. El diccionario climático: Una guía práctica para el cambio climático 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) El Diccionario Climático es una guía para entender el cambio climático. El objetivo de la misma es tender un puente entre la compleja jerga científica y el público en general, haciendo que los conceptos sobre el clima sean accesibles y comprensibles para personas de distintos orígenes y niveles de especialización. Se basa en la creencia de que dotar a la gente de conocimientos es crucial para fomentar la acción y la responsabilidad colectiva frente al cambio climático. Utilizando una combinación creativa de imágenes atractivas, explicaciones concisas y una narración interesante, El Diccionario Climático comunica con eficacia conceptos complejos sobre el clima de una manera visual y fácil de consumir. 
Environmental Education Toolkit Guide for Latin America and the Caribbean 出版年份: 2023 作者: Eloísa Tréllez Solís 机构作者: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) The Environmental Education Toolkit is aimed primarily at teachers, multipliers and facilitators in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and aims to promote interdisciplinary approaches, with a view to the transversality of environmental education. In the new context of a post-COVID-19 health emergency world, this approach becomes more relevant and necessary to achieve a better vision and understanding of the relationships between humans and nature; between societies, cultures and with the ecosystems on which they depend. In the chapters that make up this publication, an approach is proposed through a methodological proposal for reflection and action, the Interdisciplinary Roundtables for Environmental Education towards Sustainability, whose main objective is to strengthen and complement the environmental education processes that are carried out both in educational centers and in community groups, from an interdisciplinary, transversal perspective and with systemic thinking. Guía de herramientas de educación ambiental para América Latina y el Caribe 出版年份: 2023 作者: Eloísa Tréllez Solís 机构作者: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) La Guía de Herramientas de Educación Ambiental está dirigida principalmente a docentes, multiplicadores y facilitadores de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), tiene el propósito de impulsar enfoques interdisciplinarios, con miras a la transversalidad de la educación ambiental. En el nuevo contexto de un mundo post emergencia sanitaria COVID-19 este enfoque se vuelve más relevante y necesario para lograr una mejor visión y entendimiento de las relaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza; entre las sociedades, culturas y con los ecosistemas, de los que depende. Se propone, en los capítulos que integran esta publicación, un abordaje a través de una propuesta metodológica de reflexión y acción, las Mesas Interdisciplinarias de Educación Ambiental hacia la Sostenibilidad, cuyo objetivo principal es fortalecer y complementar los procesos de educación ambiental que se llevan a cabo tanto en centros educativos como en grupos comunitarios, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, transversal y con pensamiento sistémico. 
Diagnosing and Enhancing Environmental Literacy of Citizens to Raise Green Awareness 出版年份: 2021 作者: Jeongyoon Yeom | Namsoo Kim | Haengwoon Jeong | Woohyeon Jeong 机构作者: Korea Environment Institute (KEI) 1. Research purposeA nationwide consensus on the understanding on and necessity of the environmental policy is needed in order to successfully achieve the policy objectives.The necessity of environmental education is being highlighted but in reality, there is a lack of objectives and specific indicators to verify its effect.The goal of environmental education should be the expansion of environmental literacy and indicators to measure this should be developed. 2. Research scopeSummarize the concept of environmental literacy and develop the scales for adultsMeasure the level of environmental literacy of citizensConfirm the predictors and consequences of environmental literacyUnderstand citizen types via cluster analysis 시민 인식의 녹색 전환을 위한 환경 리터러시 진단 및 강화 방안 出版年份: 2021 作者: 염정윤 | 김남수 | 정행운 | 정우현 机构作者: 한국환경연구원 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 환경 정책이 성공적으로 정책 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 정책 이해와 필요성에 대한 범국민적 공감대가 필수 환경교육의 중요성을 강조하고 있지만 실질적으로 교육의 효과를 확인할 수 있는 객관적이고 구체적인 지표가 부재함 환경교육의 목표를 환경 리터러시의 증대로 설정하고 이를 측정할 지표 개발이 필요2. 연구의 범위 환경 리터러시 개념 정리 및 성인 대상의 측정 도구 개발 일반 시민의 환경 리터러시 수준 측정 환경 리터러시의 예측 요인과 결과 요인 확인 군집 분석을 통한 시민 유형 파악* 본 저작물은 한국환경연구원에서 '2021'년에 작성하여 공공누리 제'4'유형으로 개방한 ‘시민 인식의 녹색 전환을 위한 환경 리터러시 진단 및 강화 방안(작성자: 염정윤)’을 이용하였으며 해당 저작물은 한국환경연구원 홈페이지(http://www.kei.re.kr)’에서 무료로 다운받으실 수 있습니다. 
Envision 4.7: Bridge 47 Global Event; Helsinki, Finland 5–7 November 2019: Report 出版年份: 2019 机构作者: Bridge 47 | Frinland. Ministry of Education and Culture | Finland. Ministry for Foreign Affairs Global event Envision 4.7 was held in Helsinki in November 2019. The event brought around 200 people together to discuss ways to take the SDG Target 4.7 forward. In this report you can find summaries of all the speeches, panel discussions, workshops and working groups that were held at the event, together with a summary of discussions around all the different topics. You can also find pictures and drawings from the event at the report.