Ressources
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Education as a Tool for Prevention: Addressing and Countering Hate Speech (Expert Meeting: 13-18 May 2020) Année de publication: 2021 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Addressing and countering hate speech is a multi-layered endeavour, which includes tackling its root causes and drivers, preventing it from translating into violence and dealing with its wider societal consequences.Within the framework of the Education 2030 Agenda, and more specifically target 4.7 of Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4), as well as the United Nations Strategy and Plan of Action on Hate Speech – which places specific emphasis on the role of education as a tool for addressing hate speech – UNESCO and the United Nations Office on the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect (OSAPG) convened a series of virtual meetings of experts from 13 to 18 May 2020. This report highlights some of the key discussion areas and unpacks the role of education as a preventive tool. It argues that strengthening educational responses to build the resilience of learners to exclusionary rhetoric and hate speech is paramount for sustainable development and peace for all. 
International Conference on Human Security and Peace in Central Asia Année de publication: 2007 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO | OSCE Academy in Bishkek From the perspective of confronting threats and encouraging development in Central Asia, UNESCO and the OSCE Academy organized an international conference on 'Human Security and Peace in Central Asia'. These two organizations are dedicated to promoting international security and understanding through highlighting and developing the diverse human and cultural values of peace and encouraging dialogue based on recognition, respect for diversity, and observance of human rights. 
Global Citizenship Education: Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles Année de publication: 2022 Auteur institutionnel: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) This is a collection of papers of a research project undertaken in six countries of the Eastern Africa region, namely, Comoros, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles to assess the Understanding and Implementation of SDG 4.7 on Global Citizenship Education (GCED) in each of the six countries.The research findings were shared by each of the six countries in a Webinar hosted by the UNESCO Nairobi Regional Office for Eastern Africa on September 23, 2021. The Webinar Agenda is contained in this publication along with the Opening and Closing Remarks made by UNESCO and Keynote Address by an affiliate UNESCO Chair in Africa. 
L’action de l’UNESCO en faveur de l’égalité des genres dans et par l’éducation: Points majeurs de l’année 2020 Année de publication: 2022 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Ce rapport présente les points majeurs de l’action menée en 2020 par l’UNESCO pour faire progresser l’égalité des genres dans et par l’éducation.L’action menée par l’UNESCO dans le domaine de l’éducation et du genre est ancrée dans la stratégie de l’UNESCO pour l’égalité des genres dans et par l’éducation 2019-2025. Cette stratégie repose aussi sur l’initiative Son éducation, notre avenir, lancée en parallèle afin de mobiliser les engagements politiques et financiers et de faciliterla coopération et l’action conjointe en faveur de l’éducation des filles et des femmes. 
The General History of Africa: A UNESCO Flagship Programme for Operational Strategy Priority Africa Année de publication: 2024 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO As part of UNESCO’s Operational Strategy for Priority Africa (2022 – 2029), the General History of Africa (GHA) Flagship Programme responds to the challenge of reconstructing Africa and its diaspora historical memory and conscience by revisiting Eurocentric and colonial biases in the representation of their history and societies. It aims to advance a common identity and pride in Africa’s heritage, progress towards greater justice and an inclusive and fair future through the reappropriation and production of knowledge on Africa and its diaspora history in a manner that could contribute to the transformation of education in Africa and beyond. The GHA is aligned with the African Union Agenda 2063, The Africa We Want, the Charter for African Cultural Renaissance, and the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 
Challenging Systematic Prejudices: An Investigation into Bias Against Women and Girls in Large Language Models Année de publication: 2024 Auteur: Daniel Van Niekerk | Maria Peréz Ortiz | John Shaw-Taylor | Davor Orlic | Ivana Drobnjak | Jackie Kay | Noah Siegel | Katherine Evans | Nyalleng Moorosi | Tina Eliassi-Rad | Leone Maria Tanczer | Wayne Holmes | Marc Peter Deisenroth | Isabel Straw | Maria Fasli | Rachel Adams | Nuria Oliver | Dunja Mladenić | Urvashi Aneja | Madeleine Janicky Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO | International Research Centre on Artificial Intelligence (IRCAI) This study explores biases in three significant large language models (LLMs): OpenAI’s GPT-2 and ChatGPT, along with Meta’s Llama 2, highlighting their role in both advanced decision-making systems and as user-facing conversational agents. Across multiple studies, the brief reveals how biases emerge in the text generated by LLMs, through gendered word associations, positive or negative regard for gendered subjects, or diversity in text generated by gender and culture. The research uncovers persistent social biases within these state-of-the-art language models, despite ongoing efforts to mitigate such issues. The findings underscore the critical need for continuous research and policy intervention to address the biases that exacerbate as these technologies are integrated across diverse societal and cultural landscapes. The emphasis on GPT-2 and Llama 2 being open-source foundational models is particularly noteworthy, as their widespread adoption underlines the urgent need for scalable, objective methods to assess and correct biases, ensuring fairness in AI systems globally. 
Revision Process of the 1974 Recommendation concerning Education for International Understanding, Co-operation and Peace and Education relating to Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: Compilation of Member State Comments Année de publication: 2023 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Adopted in 1974, the Recommendation concerning education for international understanding, co-operation and peace and education relating to human rights and fundamental freedoms is considered a landmark legal instrument that brings together for the first time peace, international understanding, human rights, fundamental freedoms and education. As per Circular letter 4401, the preliminary report and the first draft of the revised 1974 Recommendation were transmitted to Member States for their written comments and observations. These written comments were taken into consideration by the Director-General when preparing the revised second draft of the Recommendation to be discussed at the Intergovernmental Special Committee Meeting (Category II), in view of its submission to the 42nd session of the General Conference in November 2023 and eventual adoption. 
المؤتمر العالمي لرعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة: إعلان طشقند والتزامات العمل لتحويل رعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة، 16 نوفمبر 2022 Année de publication: 2022 Auteur institutionnel: منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلم والثقافة (UNESCO) من 14 إلى 16 نوفمبر 2022، تم عقد المؤتمر العالمي الثاني لرعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة في طشقند في أوزبكستان. اجتمع أكثر من 2600 مشارك في المؤتمر من 147 دولة عضو، بما فيها الوزراء وشركاء التنمية والممارسين والعلماء والمجتمع المدني والمنظمات الخاصة، لإعادة التأكيد على حق كل طفل في تنمية الطفولة المبكرة والرعاية والتعليم الجيد.يحدد إعلان طشقند والتزامات العمل لتحويل رعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة المبادئ التوجيهية والاستراتيجيات اللازمة للتحول العاجل لرعاية وتعليم الطفولة المبكرة لتسريع تحقيق الهدف 4.2 من أهداف التنمية المستدامة، والإجراءات الملموسة للدول الأعضاء والمجتمع الدولي والمنظمات غير الحكومية واليونسكو التي يجب مراقبتها ومراجعتها وتقييمها بانتظام. World Conference on Early Childhood Care and Education: Tashkent Declaration and Commitments to Action for Transforming Early Childhood Care and Education, 16 November 2022 Année de publication: 2022 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO From 14 to 16 November 2022, the second World Conference on Early Childhood Care and Education took place in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Over 2,600 conference participants from 147 Member States, including ministers, development partners, practitioners, scientists, civil society, and private organizations, came together to reaffirm the right of every young child to quality early childhood development, care, and education. The Tashkent Declaration and Commitments to Action for Transforming Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) sets out the guiding principles and strategies for the urgent transformation of ECCE for accelerating achievement of SDG Target 4.2, and concrete actions for Member States, the international community, non-governmental organizations, and UNESCO to be regularly monitored, reviewed, and evaluated. Conferencia Mundial sobre Atención y Educación de la Primera Infancia: Declaración de Tashkent y Compromisos de Acción para Transformar la Atención y Educación de la Primera Infancia, 16 de noviembre de 2022 Année de publication: 2022 Auteur institutionnel: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO) Del 14 al 16 de noviembre de 2022 se celebró en Tashkent (Uzbekistán) la segunda Conferencia Mundial sobre Atención y Educación de la Primera Infancia. Más de 2.600 participantes de 147 Estados Miembros, incluidos ministros, socios para el desarrollo, profesionales, científicos, la sociedad civil y organizaciones privadas, se reunieron para reafirmar el derecho de cada niño pequeño a un desarrollo, atención y educación de calidad durante la primera infancia. La Declaración de Tashkent y los Compromisos de Acción para Transformar de la Atención y Educación de la Primera Infancia (AEPI) establecen los principios rectores y las estrategias para la transformación urgente de la AEPI a fin de acelerar la consecución de la Meta 4.2 de los ODS, así como las medidas concretas para los Estados Miembros, la comunidad internacional, las organizaciones no gubernamentales y la UNESCO, que se supervisarán, examinarán y evaluarán periódicamente.