Ressources
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Citizenship and Development in the XXI Cities: Polis and Civitas or Just Urbs? Année de publication: 2016 Auteur: Joselito Fernández Tapia The article aims to determine the problems of the city as polis, civitas and urbs, to identify its characteristics and emphasize the serious problem that means the centrality of the urbs in the modern city. It analyzes aspects of public space, citizenship and city, as interrelated, recovering from urban studies, political and social analysis of the city, to better characterize their problems. From the literature and existing studies we found that civitas and polisare in crisis, and reduced danger of disappearing, to result in a urbs, utilitarian and less and less symbolic value. The result is poverty, greater inequality and social fragmentation, fear, insecurity, isolation, weakening of the civitas and polis, disenfranchisement, depoliticization and dehumanization; against the hegemonic and development of real estate market. It is concluded that dominates the urbs, which, as all the problems of the city needs to be rethought from the civitas and polis. Ciudadanía y desarrollo en las ciudades del siglo XXI: ¿polis y civitas o sólo urbs? Année de publication: 2016 Auteur: Joselito Fernández Tapia El artículo tiene por objetivo determinar la problemática de la ciudad como polis, civitas y urbs, para identificar sus características y enfatizar el grave problema que significa la centralidad de la urbs en la ciudad moderna. Analiza los aspectos del espacio público, la ciudadanía y la ciudad de forma interrelacional; recupera los estudios desde el análisis urbanístico, político y social de la ciudad para caracterizar mejor la problemática de ésta. A partir de la reflexión teórica y los estudios existentes se encuentra que civitas y polis están en crisis, reducidas y en peligro de desaparición para dar lugar a una urbs utilitaria y con cada vez menos valor simbólico. El resultado de ello es pobreza, mayores desigualdades y fragmentación social; miedo, inseguridad, aislamiento, debilitamiento de la civitas y de la polis como proceso de desciudadanización, despolitización y deshumanización frente a la urbanización hegemónica de las inmobiliarias y el mercado. En conclusión, la urbs es dominante, por tanto, así como la problemática de la ciudad necesita repensarse desde la civitas y la polis. 
Bring Global Citizenship in Colombia Année de publication: 2015 Auteur: Nathalia Sarmiento The blog from the Universidad Extremado from Colombia defines what global citizenship is and its ideals, and promotes a citizenship of this type for Colombia. It states that a humanistic and universal perspective, committed with human development, will foster greater liberty, equality, justice, an active citizenship and the education that goes with it. Apuéstale a la ciudadanía global en Colombia Année de publication: 2015 Auteur: Nathalia Sarmiento El blog de la Universidad Externado de Colombia define lo que es la ciudadanía global y sus cometidos, y propone una ciudadanía de este tipo para Colombia. Asegura que desde una perspectiva humanista y universal, comprometida con el desarrollo humano, promoverá mayor libertad, igualdad, justicia, ciudadanía activa y la educación de ella. 
Generation Z: Global Citizenship Survey Année de publication: 2017 Auteur institutionnel: Varkey Foundation The Varkey Foundation commissioned Populus to carry out research on a global scale into the attitudes of 15- to 21-year-olds on a variety of ethical, personal, community and political issues. We chose twenty countries to poll: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Nigeria, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the UK and the US. We chose a range of countries that would give a geographic spread, include some of most populous nations, and would also include those that have particular political significance – as rising powers and/or countries that are important in global geopolitics and cultural influence.The first part of the survey asked about young people’s wellbeing, hopes and ambitions – from their relationships and future careers, to their physical and mental health.. The second part focused on their personal, community and religious values – from their attitudes towards abortion, same sex marriage and transgender rights, to the importance of religion in their lives and whether they feel equipped to contribute to their own community. Finally, it covered issues of global citizenship – attitudes towards migrants, the factors that make young people hopeful and fearful for the future, and their views on whether the world is becoming a better or worse place. This is the first time that there has been an international comparative study of the attitudes of young people on these matters. Not only have we asked them how they feel, what their attitudes are, and who influenced them: we have also reflected on what differences and similarities there may be in terms of their wellbeing, fears, hopes and views across the world.With this survey, we do not aim to document the events that loomed large in young people’s lives or the social forces that have shaped their emotions and opinions. That is a huge subject for expert analysis. Rather, we wanted to hold up a mirror to Generation Z and simply record the reflection that they give us – providing some illumination to help us all understand them better. 
Learning to Leapfrog: Innovative Pedagogies to Transform Education Année de publication: 2019 Auteur: David Istance | Alejandro Paniagua | Rebecca Winthrop | Lauren Ziegler Auteur institutionnel: Center for Universal Education at Brookings This report follows up on the book “Leapfrogging Inequality: Remaking Education to Help Young People Thrive,” published in 2018 by the Center for Universal Education (CUE) at the Brookings Institution. The book argued the importance of education leapfrogging–creating transformative shifts rather than incremental evolution by harnessing the power of innovation to advance a breadth of skills. The book put forth a framework for leapfrogging that outlined two core elements (teaching and learning, and recognition of learning) and two support elements (people and places, and technology and data).This report focuses on the teaching and learning element of the leapfrog framework, especially on pedagogical approaches and the role of teachers, but draws on the others as relevant. It does not attempt to be exhaustive and does not pretend to address neither all education policy variables, nor critical system factors such as political will and adequate funding, nor demand-side factors such as student and parent support for innovative approaches. 
Education at a Glance 2019: OECD Indicators Année de publication: 2019 Auteur institutionnel: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Education at a Glance is the authoritative source for information on the state of education around the world. It provides data on the structure, finances and performance of education systems across OECD countries and a number of partner economies.The 2019 edition includes a focus on tertiary education with new indicators on tertiary completion rates, doctoral graduates and their labour market outcomes, and on tertiary admission systems, as well as a dedicated chapter on the Sustainable Development Goal 4. Regards sur l'éducation 2019: Les indicateurs de l'OCDE Année de publication: 2019 Auteur institutionnel: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Regards sur l’éducation est la publication de référence sur l’état de l’éducation dans le monde. Elle fournit des données clés sur la structure, le financement et la performance des systèmes d’éducation des pays de l’OCDE, ainsi que d’un certain nombre de pays partenaires. Avec plus de 100 tableaux et graphiques – et des liens vers de nombreuses données supplémentaires sur notre base de données consacrée à l’éducation – cette publication présente des données clés sur les résultats des établissements d’enseignement ; l’impact de l’apprentissage dans les différents pays ; l’accès, la participation et la progression au sein des systèmes d’éducation ; les ressources financières investies dans l’éducation ; et les enseignants, l’environnement d’apprentissage et l’organisation scolaire.L'édition 2019 inclut un éclairage spécifique sur l'enseignement tertiaire, avec de nouveaux indicateurs sur le taux de réussite à ce niveau, sur les doctorants et leurs perspectives sur le marché du travail, sur les systèmes d'admission dans l'enseignement tertiaire, ainsi qu'un chapitre dédié au quatrième Objectif de développement durable. 
Regional Capacity Development Resource Book on Monitoring SDG4-Education 2030 in Asia-Pacific Année de publication: 2019 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Bangkok | UNICEF East Asia and the Pacific The Education 2030 Agenda calls for robust monitoring, reporting, and evaluating indicators from Early Childhood Education (ECE) to adult education. The new agenda demands clear indicators and measurement to generate evidence-based international discourses and advocacy. Ensuring availability of education data and statistics for evidence based policy making and planning is also crucial. Countries’ capacity to respond to these demands will depend on quality mechanism for monitoring in place and technical capacity of data providers and users. The modules included in the this Regional Capacity Development Resource Book on Monitoring SDG 4-Education 2030 in Asia Pacific covers various topics that are relevant to building an effective national monitoring system, such as the creation of a national indicator framework and the development of national strategies for education statistics; strengthening the administrative data production system; and increasing the household survey application in monitoring education at the national level, as well as reporting at the global level. 
Journal on Education in Emergencies: Special Issue on Refugees and Education, Part I (Vol. 5, No.1 December 2019) Année de publication: 2019 Auteur: Sarah Dryden-Peterson | Jo Kelcey | S. Garnett Russell Auteur institutionnel: Inter-agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) This special issue of JEiE—the first of two parts—showcases research on important developments in the field of refugee education across several regions, including the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. The issue includes four research articles, one interview, two field notes, and three book reviews.The contributing authors describe and analyze how international agencies, state bureaucracies, local organizations and their partners, and refugees shape the structures that influence the education of refugees, both historically and in the present, and how these actors imagine their roles. In so doing, the authors help to untangle key questions about how responsibility for meeting refugees’ educational needs and aspiration is taken up and shared. The articles in this issue include immediate and long-term lessons for how refugee education is designed and experienced.