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Homegrown terrorism and transformative learning: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding radicalization Année de publication: 2010 Auteur: Alex S. Wilner | Claire-Jehanne Dubouloz Since 2001, a preponderance of terrorist activity in Europe, North America and Australia has involved radicalized Westerners inspired by Al Qaeda. Described as ‘homegrown terrorism’, perpetrators are citizens and residents born, raised, and educated within the countries they attack. While most scholars and policy-makers agree that radicalization plays a central role in persuading Westerners to embrace terrorism, little research properly investigates the internal and cognitive processes inherent to radicalization. Transformative learning theory, developed from the sciences in education, health and rehabilitation, provides an unconventional and interdisciplinary way to understand the radicalization process. The theory suggests that sustained behavioural change can occur when critical reflection and the development of novel personal belief systems are provoked by specific triggering factors. Homegrown terrorism and transformative learning: an interdisciplinary approach to understanding radicalization Année de publication: 2010 Auteur: Alex S. Wilner | Claire-Jehanne Dubouloz Depuis 2001, une grande partie de l'activité terroriste en Europe, en Amérique du Nord et en Australie a impliqué des Occidentaux radicalisés inspirés par Al Qaïda. Décrite comme un « terrorisme venant de l’intérieur », leurs auteurs sont des citoyens et des résidents qui sont nés, ont grandi et ont été éduqués dans les pays qu'ils attaquent. Alors que la plupart des chercheurs et des décideurs conviennent que la radicalisation joue un rôle central pour convaincre les Occidentaux d'embrasser le terrorisme, peu de recherche étudie d’une manière adéquate les processus internes et cognitifs inhérents à la radicalisation. La théorie de la pédagogie transformative, développée à partir des sciences de l'éducation, de la santé et de la réadaptation, fournit une manière peu commune et interdisciplinaire de comprendre le processus de radicalisation. Cette théorie suggère que le changement de comportement de manière durable peut se produire lorsque la réflexion critique et le développement de nouveaux systèmes de croyance personnelle sont provoqués par des facteurs déclencheurs spécifiques. 
Engaging and Educating Women and Girls in the Prevention of Violent Conflict and Violent Extremism Année de publication: 2014 Auteur: Kathleen Kuehnast Auteur institutionnel: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) Dr. Kathleen Kuehnast, director of the Center for Gender and Peacebuilding at the U.S. Institute of Peace, testified on the importance of engaging and educating women and girls in conflict zones in order to prevent and mitigate violent conflict and violent extremism. Engaging and Educating Women and Girls in the Prevention of Violent Conflict and Violent Extremism Année de publication: 2014 Auteur: Kathleen Kuehnast Auteur institutionnel: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) Dr. Kathleen Kuehnast, directrice du Centre pour le genre et la construction de la paix (Center for Gender and Peacebuilding) à l’Institut américain pour la paix (United States Institute of Peace), témoigne de l'importance d'impliquer et d'éduquer les femmes et les jeunes filles dans les zones de conflit afin de prévenir et de contenir les conflits violents et l'extrémisme violent. Abu Dhabi Memorandum on Good Practices for Education and Countering Violent Extremism Année de publication: 2014 Auteur: Sara Zeiger Auteur institutionnel: Hedayah Foundation The contents of this brief are based on the discussions that occurred from 3 to 4 November 2014 at an expert workshop on Research Trends in Countering Violent Extremism hosted by Hedayah in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The purpose of this two-day expert roundtable was to bring together researchers, policymakers and practitioners in a closed discussion of the current trends in CVE research. The goals at the meeting were to address the current research outcomes in countering violent extremism; determine the critical gaps in research on CVE; identify the new and emerging threats of violent extremism; and establish a recommended research agenda for Hedayah and CVE researchers in the coming two years. Abu Dhabi Memorandum on Good Practices for Education and Countering Violent Extremism Année de publication: 2014 Auteur: Sara Zeiger Auteur institutionnel: Hedayah Foundation Le contenu de cette note est basé sur les discussions qui ont eu lieu les 3 et 4 Novembre 2014 dans un atelier d'experts sur les orientations de la recherche dans la lutte contre l'extrémisme violent, organisé par Hedayah à Abu Dhabi aux Emirats Arabes Unis. Cette table ronde d'experts de deux jours avait comme objectif de réunir des chercheurs, des décideurs et des praticiens autour d’une discussion close sur les orientations actuelles de la recherche contre l’extrémisme violent. Ils ont examiné les résultats des recherches actuelles dans la lutte contre l'extrémisme violent (CVE) ; déterminé les lacunes importantes ; identifié les nouvelles menaces et les menaces émergentes de l'extrémisme violent ; et établi un programme recommandé de recherche à l’intention des chercheurs de Hedayah et tous les chercheurs qui travaillent sur la lutte contre l’extrémisme violent, pour les deux années à venir. 
Communication Strategy and Addressing the Phenomenon of Child Abduction in Algeria Année de publication: 2023 Auteur: Saeed Abdul Razzaq The study aimed to identify the role of the communication strategy in treating one of the communication strategy of the General Directorate of National Security in the process of protecting children, and the role of various communication tools and activities in treating and reducing the phenomenon of abduction of children in Algeria . We found that the communication strategy of the Directorate General of National Security plays an important role in the process of reducing the risk of child abduction in Algeria through the preventive communication strategy aimed at protecting children from abduction. الاستراتيجية الاتصالية ومعالجة ظاهرة اختطاف الأطفال في الجزائر Année de publication: 2023 Auteur: Saeed Abdul Razzaq هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة دور الاستراتيجية الاتصالية في معالجة احدى الظواهر الاجتماعية المتمثلة في ظاهرة اختطاف الأطفال في الجزائر، من خلال عرض الاستراتيجية الاتصالية الخاصة بالمديرية العامة للأمن الوطني في عملية حماية الأطفال، ودور الوسائل والأنشطة الاتصالية المختلفة في معالجة والحد من ظاهرة اختطاف الأطفال في الجزائر. وقد وتوصلنا من خلال دراستنا أن للاستراتيجية الاتصالية للمديرية العامة للأمن الوطني دور مهم في عملية الحد من خطورة ظاهرة اختطاف الأطفال في الجزائر عبر الاستراتيجية الاتصالية الوقائية التي تهدف لحماية الأطفال من الاختطاف. 
‘Hate Speech’ Explained: A Toolkit Année de publication: 2015 Auteur institutionnel: ARTICLE 19 In this toolkit, ARTICLE 19 provides a guide to identifying ’hate speech‘ and how effectively counter it, while protecting the rights to freedom of expression and equality. It responds to a growing demand for clear guidance on identifying “hate speech,” and for responding to the challenges ‘hate speech’ poses within a human rights framework.The toolkit is guided by the principle that coordinated and focused action taken to promote the rights to freedom of expression and equality is essential for fostering a tolerant, pluralistic and diverse democratic society in which all human rights can be realised for all people.As such, it addresses three key questions: How do we identify ‘hate speech’ that can be restricted, and distinguish it from protected speech?What positive measures can States and others take to counter ‘hate speech’? Which types of ‘hate speech’ should be prohibited by States, and under which circumstances? The toolkit is guided by the principle that coordinated and focused action taken to promote the rights to freedom of expression and equality is essential for fostering a tolerant, pluralistic and diverse democratic society in which all human rights can be realised for all people. It is informed by, and builds upon, ARTICLE 19’s existing policy work in this field.In Part I, we outline that there is no uniform definition of ‘hate speech’ under international human rights law, rather, it is a broad concept which captures a wide range of expression. The toolkit advances a typology for identifying and distinguishing different forms of ‘hate speech’ according to their severity, guided by states’ international human rights law obligations. In Part II, we provide guidance on what policy measures State and non-state actors can undertake to create an enabling environment for freedom of expression and equality that addresses the underlying causes of ‘hate speech’ while maximising opportunities to counter it.Finally, in Part III, we outline the exceptional circumstances in which the State is obliged by international law to prohibit the most severe forms of ‘hate speech’, and where also States may under international law place other restrictions on ‘hate speech’. This includes guidance on ensuring that such prohibitions are not abused, and to ensure that where sanctions are imposed they are appropriate and proportionate, as well as ensuring support and redress for victims.ARTICLE 19 believes that ensuring that responses to ‘hate speech’ comply with international human rights law is crucial. Prohibitions that censor offensive viewpoints are often counter-productive to the aim of promoting equality, as they fail to address the underlying social roots of the kinds of prejudice that drive ‘hate speech’. In most instances, equality is better-promoted through positive measures which increase understanding and tolerance, rather than through censorship.This toolkit is not a definitive version, and will be continuously updated to reflect the developing case law and best practices in this area. 
Higher Education, Peace & Security in the Eastern Africa Region Année de publication: 2023 Auteur: Sabiti Makara Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Nairobi This paper stems from issues that were deliberated on at a regional conference titled, Emerging Issues in the Sciences, Climate Change, Peace and Security and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), organized in Djibouti, in May 2017 by UNESCO Regional Office for Eastern Africa. The paper examines the issues and challenges of peace and security in Eastern Africa region. It puts into perspective higher education in the region, in terms of assess, quality, relevance, knowledge and skill products, and capacity to solve social challenges of society. The May 2017 Djibouti Conference on Higher Education, Peace and Security aimed at placing higher education at the center of understanding the complex regional challenges with regard to peace and security in a broad context, including poverty, climate change and environment, intergenerational transfer of knowledge, colonial/neo-colonial heritage, regional integration, cultural resources, and unemployment. The centrality of education as a tool for social transformation in Africa, and elsewhere is a critical element of transforming society, however that very element is up for debate. Specifically, the impact of higher education as a means of accelerating the sciences (natural and social sciences) is due for robust debate, as to whether or not, it is leading to innovations, creativity, and research-led solutions to challenges of society. The critical issue for the Djibouti Conference deliberations was: could Science, technology and in more recent years, information and communications technology, lead to transformation of society in the region? The other issue was: is it only the natural sciences that have the greatest potential for that transformation, or that the social sciences and humanities are relevant in this context? Besides, since issues of peace and security are complex, could multidisciplinary approaches be appropriate? This paper is not a rapporteur's report of the Djibouti conference. It is a set of reflection and reframing of issues for further debate and discussion.