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Harnessing the Era of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Primer for Higher Education Stakeholders 발행 연도: 2023 저자: Bosen Lily Liu | Diana Morales | Jaime Roser-Chinchilla | Emma Sabzalieva | Arianna Valentini | Daniele Vieira do Nascimento | Clarisa Yerovi 단체 저자: UNESCO | UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC) The International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (UNESCO IESALC) is one of UNESCO’s key education-focused institutes and is the only institute in the United Nations with a specific mandate for higher education. Taking a holistic and integrated intersectoral and cross-sectoral approach to higher education, UNESCO IESALC provides support to Member States through policy-driven and action-oriented research and publications, capacity development, training, advocacy and networking. Following the release of a Quick Start Guide on using ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education, UNESCO IESALC is pleased to offer to the wider community of higher education stakeholders worldwide this Primer on AI and higher education. Providing information and tips for developing further thinking and policies related to the use of AI processes and outcomes in higher education institutions, the Primer is a comprehensive and comprehensible introduction to AI. It also serves as a practical tool for guidance and reference with recommendations for its use in higher education. Oportunidades y desafíos de la era de la inteligencia artificial para la educación superior: Una introducción para los actores de la educación superior 발행 연도: 2023 저자: Bosen Lily Liu | Diana Morales | Jaime Roser-Chinchilla | Emma Sabzalieva | Arianna Valentini | Daniele Vieira do Nascimento | Clarisa Yerovi 단체 저자: UNESCO | UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC) El Instituto Internacional de la UNESCO para la Educación Superior en América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO IESALC) es uno de los institutos clave de la UNESCO centrado en la educación y es el único instituto de las Naciones Unidas con un mandato específico para la educación superior. Adoptando un enfoque holístico e integrado de manera intersectorial y transectorial de la educación superior, el IESALC presta apoyo a los Estados miembros mediante investigaciones y publicaciones orientadas a la formulación de políticas y a la acción, al desarrollo de capacidades, la formación, la abogacía y la creación de redes. Tras la publicación de una Guía de inicio rápido sobre el uso de ChatGPT y la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la educación superior, UNESCO IESALC se complace en ofrecer a la comunidad en general interesada en la educación superior global este Manual en IA y educación superior. Proporcionando información y consejos para el desarrollo de pensamiento y de políticas relacionadas con el uso de la IA en las instituciones de educación superior, este Manual es una introducción comprensible y exhaustiva a la IA. También sirve como herramienta práctica de orientación y referencia con recomendaciones para su uso en la enseñanza superior. 
미래교육시대의 인간교사와 인공지능(AI) 교사의 역할 및 기능 정립 방향 탐색 연구 발행 연도: 2021 저자: 전제상 단체 저자: 한국교육정책연구소 이 연구는 인공지능의 급격한 발전과 사회의 변화로 교육 현장에 점차 도입될 인공지능이 어떤 모습으로 존재해야 하는지 그리고 어떤 방식으로 학생들에게 도움을 줄 수 있는지 길을 찾고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 인공지능의 현재 상황과 선행연구를 분석하는 것으로 시작하여 인공지능(AI) 교사에 대한 현장 교사들의 인식을 양적, 질적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 토대로 미래교육시대의 교사와 인공지능(AI) 교사의 역할과 기능을 정립하고 상호보완적인 협업 방안을 모색한 후 인공지능(AI) 교사 도입에 따른 제도적, 법적, 윤리적 기준을 확인하였다.인공지능 기반의 미래 사회가 도래했다고 하여 인간교사의 역할이 크게 바뀌지는 않는다. 기존의 해오던 여러 수업과 업무 중에 우선순위의 변화가 생길 수 있고, 수업보다 행정에 할애했던 시간을 수업과 학생지도, 상담 등에 집중할 수 있게 될 것으로 기대한다. 다만 인공지능(AI) 교사 도입에 따라 야기될 윤리적 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 도입 단계부터 준비하여 지속적인 확인과 점검, 성찰을 통해 협업 과정이 목적에 알맞게 기능하도록 모든 요소에 대해 철저하게 대비하고 점검하여야 한다. 
Consultation Paper on AI Regulation: Emerging Approaches Across the World 발행 연도: 2024 저자: Juan David Gutiérrez 단체 저자: UNESCO Since 2016, over thirty countries have passed laws explicitly mentioning AI, and in 2024, the discussion about AI bills in legislative bodies has increased globally. This policy brief aims to inform legislators about the different regulatory approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) being considered worldwide by legislative bodies. The brief explains nine emerging regulatory approaches, each illustrated with specific cases worldwide. The order in which the nine AI regulatory approaches are presented is deliberately structured to guide readers from less interventionist, light-touch regulatory measures to more coercive, demanding approaches. These regulatory approaches are not mutually exclusive and AI bills often combine two or more approaches:1. Principles-Based Approach2. Standards-Based Approach3. Agile and Experimentalist Approach4. Facilitating and Enabling Approach5. Adapting Existing Laws Approach6. Access to Information and Transparency Mandates Approach7. Risk-Based Approach8. Rights-Based Approach9. Liability Approach The policy brief suggests parliamentarians how they can address three key questions before adopting AI regulations:1. Why regulate? Determine whether regulation is needed to address public problems, fundamental and collective rights, or desirable futures.2. When to regulate? Reach a consensus on why regulation is needed, map available regulatory instruments, compare them with other policy instruments, and assess the feasibility of adopting the former.3. How to regulate? Identify a combination of AI regulatory approaches that are tailored to specific contexts. 
AI Competency Framework for Students 발행 연도: 2024 저자: Fengchun Miao | Kelly Shiohira 단체 저자: UNESCO Artificial intelligence is increasingly integral to our lives, necessitating proactive education systems to prepare students as responsible users and co-creators of AI. Integrating AI learning objectives into official school curricula is crucial for students globally to engage with AI safely and meaningfully.The UNESCO AI Competency Framework for Students aims to help educators in this integration, outlining 12 competncies across four dimensions:- A human-centred mindset- Ethics of AI- AI techniques and applications- AI system designThese competencies span three progression levels:- Understand- Apply- Create The framework details curricular goals and domain-specific pedagogical methodologies.Grounded in the vision of students as AI co-creators and responsible citizens, the publication emphasizes critical judgement of AI solutions, awareness of citizenship responsibilities in the AI era, foundational AI knowledge for lifelong learning, and inclusive, sustainable AI design. 
AI Competency Framework for Teachers 발행 연도: 2024 저자: Fengchun Miao | Mutlu Cukurova 단체 저자: UNESCO AI processes vast information, generates new content, and helps decision-making through predictive analyses. In education, AI has transformed the traditional teacher–student relationship into a teacher–AI–student dynamic.This shift requires a re-examination of teachers’ roles and the competencies they need in the AI era. Yet, few countries have defined these competencies or developed national programmes to train teachers in AI, leaving many educators without proper guidance.The AI competency framework for teachers addresses this gap by defining the knowledge, skills, and values teachers must master in the age of AI. Developed with principles of protecting teachers’ rights, enhancing human agency, and promoting sustainability, the publication outlines 15 competencies across five dimensions: Human-centred mindset, Ethics of AI, AI foundations and applications, AI pedagogy, and AI for professional learning. These competencies are categorized into three progression levels: Acquire, Deepen, and Create.As a global reference, this tool guides the development of national AI competency frameworks, informs teacher training programmes, and helps in designing assessment parameters. It also provides strategies for teachers to build AI knowledge, apply ethical principles, and support their professional growth. 
Chile: Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Report 발행 연도: 2023 단체 저자: UNESCO The Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) is a diagnostic tool intended to assist Member States in upholding their commitment to the Recommendation by helping them understand how prepared they are to implement AI ethically and responsibly for all their citizens. The RAM questionnaire forms the basis for the first section of this readiness assessment report, providing a comprehensive but detailed overview of laws, institutions, and the cultural, social, and human capital landscape shaping AI. This is then complemented in the second section by a summary of concerns and priorities raised during a national multistakeholder consultation that was conducted in 2023. Finally, the third section presents a roadmap and recommendations for building capacities across national institutions, laws and policies, and human capital, to achieve a responsible AI ecosystem aligned with the UNESCO Recommendation. As the very first country to complete the RAM and the country report, Chile is blazing the trail not only for Latin America but the world. We applaud the initiative the Chilean government has taken to update its AI strategy putting ethics and governance front and centre, and thank them for inviting UNESCO to assist in this endeavour. The report presented here reveals a complex and rapidly-changing landscape. In the legal and regulatory dimension, the 2021 National Artificial Intelligence Policy (NAIP) represents a substantive and wide-ranging commitment to developing AI. One of the key recommendations of this report is to fully integrate the UNESCO Recommendation into the NAIP’s axis of Ethics, Regulation, and Socioeconomic Impacts. Notably, the RAM reveals the pressing need to update legislation around data protection and cybersecurity to meet the challenges of AI. It also highlights several areas the Chilean government is actively working to develop. [...] Overall, this report presents a fundamentally optimistic vision that we at UNESCO share: that ethical governance and responsible regulation of AI is entirely consistent with innovation and economic growth, and is essential for ensuring a technological ecosystem that benefits the public good. In drawing a clear line from the RAM data through to the multistakeholder consultations and the recommendations, Chile has a clear roadmap for how to get there. (This text has been extracted from the Foreword of the publication) 
人工智能伦理问题建议书 발행 연도: 2022 단체 저자: UNESCO 本建议书述及与人工智能领域有关且属于教科文组织职责范围之内的伦理问题。建议书以能指导社会负责任地应对人工智能技术对人类、社会、环境和生态系统产生的已知和未知影响并相互依存的价值观、原则和行动构成的不断发展的整体、全面和多元文化框架为基础，将人工智能伦理作为一种系统性规范考量，并为社会接受或拒绝人工智能技术提供依据。建议书将伦理视为对人工智能技术进行规范性评估和指导的动态基础，以人的尊严、福祉和防止损害为导向，并立足于科技伦理。 
International Forum on AI and Education: Steering AI To Empower Teachers and Transform Teaching, 5–6 December 2022; Analytical Report 발행 연도: 2023 저자: Fengchun Miao | Kelly Shiohira | Zaahedah Vally | Wayne Holmes 단체 저자: UNESCO | JET Education Services The International Forum on AI and Education has contributed ‘to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science and culture’ (UNESCO, 1945). The Forum has now become the world’s leading event promoting knowledge-sharing, the understanding of peoples, and the achievement of international agreements, in the fast-developing and increasingly impactful field of AI and education. The fourth edition of the International Forum on Artificial Intelligence and Education aimed to foster knowledge sharing specifically on how to steer the design and use of AI to empower teachers and to transform teaching methodologies within the broad framework of digital transformation of education. The Forum sought to bring together a range of expertise and experiences across the globe, and, in keeping with UNESCO priorities, a special focus was placed on Africa. A total of 16 national strategies were presented at the Forum by the various national ministers and representatives invited to attend. The national strategies shared during the Forum also unveiled the varying levels of preparedness and policy responses toward AI across different regions, a reminder that the pre-existing digital divide still underpins the system-wide uptake and integration of AI in education. Therefore, not all of the strategies were directly related to or containing AI because some areas that were represented at the conference are still at the nascent stages of AI Strategy development. The presentations of national initiatives and strategies related to AI from these countries shed light on the general awareness of policy-makers on the impact of AI in education and the commitment of national governments to fostering AI competencies among students and teachers. This report focus on the following key themes: national strategies on AI and education; critical reviews of roles of AI in the digital transformation of education; ethical principles and their implementation with a specific focus on gender equality; AI competencies for teachers, and notable algorithms or AI platforms and AI-informed pedagogies. The report concludes with considerations for the future based on the authors’ own analysis of the key role of human teachers, steering the human-centered approach, mainstreaming gender equity, designing education-specific AI models and innovative pedagogy, and ensuring human agency in defining problems and designing solutions.a 
International Forum on AI and Education: Ensuring AI as a Common Good To Transform Education, 7–8 December 2021; Synthesis Report 발행 연도: 2022 단체 저자: UNESCO The ‘International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education: Ensuring AI as a Common Good to Transform Education’ was co-organized by UNESCO, the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, and the National Commission of the People’s Republic of China for UNESCO. Building on the previous ‘AI and the Futures of Education’ forums, held in 2019 and 2020, this 2021 forum set out to explore the importance and role of digital humanism in AI and education. With people and governments worldwide becoming increasingly aware of both the potential and the challenges of AI and education, the forum engaged participants in dialogue about how AI governance and innovation can be enhanced for the common good. Forum participants included government ministers and other high-level ministry officials from Member States, together with representatives of international organizations, NGOs and academic institutions.This synthesis report has been developed by drawing from the International Forum on AI and the Futures of Education held in Beijing and simultaneously online from 7 to 8 December 2021.