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์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์˜นํ˜ธ ํ™œ๋™, ๊ต์ˆ˜, ํ•™์Šต ๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

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222 ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

ํ‰ํ™”, ์ธ๊ถŒ, ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด, ํ˜‘๋ ฅ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ์ž์œ , ์„ธ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ๊ถŒ๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2023 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ์ด ๊ถŒ๊ณ ๋Š” โ€˜๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด, ํ˜‘๋ ฅ, ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ์ธ๊ถŒ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์  ์ž์œ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ๊ถŒ๊ณ (1974)โ€™๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ 2023๋…„ ์ œ42์ฐจ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์ดํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. [์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ] ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต์•ฝ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ดํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€; ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ 2017/8 ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2017 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์—” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์  ์ดํ–‰ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์‹  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„ ๊ต์œก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์†Œ์™ธ ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฌํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ•„์š”์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ๋ˆ์— ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ฆ์ง„์ด ์ตœ์šฐ์„  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.2017/8 ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ์€ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋‚ฏ์„  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ์นจํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์‹œ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์ด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ‰์ƒ ํ•™์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ด ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•™๊ต, ๊ต์‚ฌ, ํ•™๋ถ€๋ชจ, ํ•™์ƒ, ๊ตญ์ œ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ, ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์ œ๊ณต์ž, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ œ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ง€๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜‘์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์˜๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์  ์ œ์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์  ์ง‘์ค‘์€ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋ณธ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Climate Equality: ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ‰๋“ฑ: 99%๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€๊ตฌ; ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2023 ์ €์ž: Ashfaq Khalfan | Astrid Nilsson Lewis | Carlos Aguilar | Max Lawson | Safa Jayoussi | Jacqueline Persson | Nafkote Dabi | Sunil Acharya ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: Oxfam International ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ถ•๊ดด์™€ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค์ตœ์ƒ์œ„ ๋ถ€์œ ์ธต๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์—…, ๋ถ€์œ ๊ตญ์€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฒ”์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต, ์†Œ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธต, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚จ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋…€, ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ, ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ณผ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฒช๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ถ•๊ดด์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„ ๋ถ€์œ ์ธต๊ณผ ๋ถ€์œ ๊ตญ๋งŒ์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํž˜์—๋Š” ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์กฐ์น˜๋„ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด 1.5ยฐC ์ดํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™” ํ•œ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‚จ์€ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ€์œ ์ธต์ด ์ „๋ถ€ ์†Œ์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋นˆ๊ณค ํ‡ด์น˜์™€ ํ‰๋“ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธธ์€ ๋Š์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋Œ€ํญ ์ถ•์†Œ, ๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋Œ€๋Œ€์  ์กฐ์น˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํƒˆ๋ฐ”๊ฟˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๋งŒ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.   ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก 2000-2015: ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ณผ์ œ; EFA ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ, 2015; ์š”์•ฝ๋ณธ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2015 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO At the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, in 2000, governments from 164 countries, together with representatives of regional groups, international organizations, donor agencies, non-government organizations (NGOs) and civil society, adopted a Framework for Action to deliver Education for All (EFA) commitments. The Dakar Framework comprised 6 goals and their associated targets to be achieved by 2015, and 12 strategies to which all stakeholders would contribute. The EFA Global Monitoring Report (GMR) has monitored progress on an almost annual basis towards the EFA goals and the two education-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The 2015 GMR provides a complete assessment of progress since 2000 towards the target date for reaching the Dakar Frameworkโ€™s goals. It takes stock of whether the world achieved the EFA goals and stakeholders upheld their commitments. It explains possible determinants of the pace of progress. Finally, it identifies key lessons for shaping the post-2015 global education agenda. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก: 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์žฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2014 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์—ด๋ ธ๋˜ ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜ ๊ตญ์ œํšŒ์˜ - ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํšŒ์˜(2013๋…„ 9์›” 9-10์ผ, ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์„œ์šธ)์™€ ์ œ1์ฐจ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ํฌ๋Ÿผ(2013๋…„ 12์›” 2-4์ผ, ํƒœ๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ์ฝ•) - ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ต์œก์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž, ๊ต์œก ์‹ค์ฒœ๊ฐ€, ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ๋ฆฌ๋”๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏธ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ง€์นจ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ง๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ง์•ฝ์–ด๊ฐœ์š”๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ1. ๊ธ€๋กœ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋…ผ์˜   1.1 ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€  1.2 ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ  1.3 ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ2. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก์˜ ์‹ค์ œ  2.1 ๊ต๊ณผ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ  2.2 ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ  2.3 ์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•  2.4 ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ๋ฒ•  2.5 ๊ต์‚ฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ  2.6 ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์  ํ™œ๋™  2.7 ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง๊ณผ ์ธก์ •3. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก: ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์œก์˜์ œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2014 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO ๋ณธ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋Š” 2013๋…„ 9์›” 9-10์ผ ์„œ์šธ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ •๋ถ€(์™ธ๊ต๋ถ€, ๊ต์œก๋ถ€)์™€ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์•„์‹œ์•„ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์›์ด ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ โ€˜๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํšŒ์˜(Technical Consultation on Global Citizenship Education)์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ฌธ์„œ์—๋Š” a) ์‚ฌ์ „ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์‘๋‹ต, b) ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ํšŒ์˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ(ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜) ๋‚ด์šฉ, 3) ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ์˜ ํ† ๋ก  ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋ฐ d) ์ฐธ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ ˆํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋ฌธ์„œ์˜ ์ตœ์ข…๋ณธ์€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ โ€˜ํ‰ํ™”์™€ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก(Education for Peace and Sustainable Development)โ€™ ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ดŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผ: ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2004 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: APCEIU ใ€Ž์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ดŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผโ€”์ถ•๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกใ€์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™” ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ด์›ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์„ ๊นจ์šฐ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ต์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์„ํ•™๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ต์œก์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ใ€Œ๋“ค๋กœ๋ฅด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œใ€์—์„œ โ€˜ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œกโ€™์„ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ณผ์ œ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ๋ฆ„ ์†์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ์ด์— ๋ฐœ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์ œ 7์ฐจ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ '๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก'์„ ์ฐฝ์˜์  ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด์— ๊ฑธ๋งž์€ ์ „๋ฌธ ๊ต์žฌ์™€ ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค„๋งŒํ•œ ๊ต์žฌ๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ '๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋„“์–ด ์–ด๋””์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ง€ ๋ง‰๋ง‰ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์•„์‹œ์•„ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์›์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ต์œก ํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋ถ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ใ€Ž์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ดŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผโ€”์ถ•๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกใ€์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์•„์‹œ์•„ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์›์€ ์•„์‹œ์•„ยทํƒœํ‰์–‘ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ 45๊ฐœ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ '๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก'์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•™๊ต์™€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ด์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ต์œก์›์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์—, ๊ต์›๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ต์œก์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ์˜จ ํž˜์„ ์Ÿ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์— ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„๋œ ใ€Ž์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ดŒ ์‹œ๋ฏผโ€”์ถ•๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์ดํ•ด๊ต์œกใ€์€ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์žฅ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ €๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ„ ์ดํ•ด, ์ธ๊ถŒ, ํ‰ํ™”, ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”, ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฒ”์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์งœ์—ฌ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ ‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” '์ถ•๊ตฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘๊ณ  ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด '๋‚˜์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด'์™€ 'ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ'์„ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊พธ๋ช„์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๋‹จ์›๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ <ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ>๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋กํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์„ ์ž…๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊นจ์šฐ์ณ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ต์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.  ์ƒํ˜ธ ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ•ด ๊ต์œก ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2010 ์ €์ž: Joy de Leo ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: UNESCO Bangkok ์ƒํ˜ธ ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ์ธ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ํ‰๋“ฑ ๋ฐ ํ‰ํ™”์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์˜์—ญ์— ์†ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•™์Šต ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์˜์—ญ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ„ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜(์ฆ‰, ์‚ฌํšŒยท์ •์น˜์ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ)์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ ์‹คํ–‰๊ณ„ํš(International Implementation Scheme)๋‚ด์—์„œ, ์กด์ค‘์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณง, ์ž๊ธฐ ์กด์ค‘, ํƒ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. 2018-2019 ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์—ฐ์ฐจ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2019 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”ํ•œ๊ตญ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋ฐœ์ „๋ชฉํ‘œ 4๋ฒˆ(SDG4)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด 2030๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ ์–‘์งˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ํ‰์ƒํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ์ง„๋˜๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์„ธ์› ๋‹ค.ํŠนํžˆ  SDG4๋Š” ์•„๋™์˜ ์ดˆ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ๊ฐ•ํ™”์— ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ ๋‘” '์ƒˆ์ฒœ๋…„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ' 2๋ฒˆ(MDG2)๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ต์œก์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘” '๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•œ๊ต์œก'(EFA)์˜ ๋ฏธ์™„์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•จ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ต์œก ์ดํ›„์˜ ๊ต์œก(์ค‘๋“ฑ, ๊ณ ๋“ฑ) ๋ฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ(์ง์—…,๊ธฐ์ˆ )์„ ํ‰์ƒํ•™์Šต ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ณดํŽธ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ”ํ•œ๊ตญ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋™์ฐธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ต์œก์˜ ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ์ด ํ™•์‚ฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก ์†Œ์™ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ผ ์ด๋‚จ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ จ๋Œ€ ๊ต์œก ์†Œ์™ธ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก๊ถŒ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์— ์ด๋ฐ”์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ๋‚˜์ด, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์ข…๊ต ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณต๊ต์œก์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋œ ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž์กด๊ฐ์„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์šฐ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋งŒ์ด ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋ฐœ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ๋ธŒ๋ฆฟ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ์•„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ณ„ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋ฐ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.   EIU Best Practice Series No. 5: Peace and human rights education through education for sustainable development: lessons from four case studies in the Philippines ๋ฐœํ–‰ ์—ฐ๋„: 2007 ๋‹จ์ฒด ์ €์ž: APCEIU The four case studies showed that EIU through peace and human rights education in the context of education for sustainable development can build a critical mass of Filipinos who will reject wars and promote social security. Education can play a role to direct the children, youth, and adults toward peace building and better understanding of cultural differences. It should also be noted that when institutions adopt a peace culture, establishing local and international organizations and putting up resources for various peace-building initiatives become possible. Educational intervention can effect changes in the minds of men and build a lasting and substantive foundation for peace based on justice and respect for human rights.