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[Resumen] Resumen del informe de seguimiento de la educación en el mundo 2023: tecnología en la educación; ¿una herramienta en los términos de quién? 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: UNESCO | Global Education Monitoring Report Team El papel de la tecnología en la educación lleva mucho tiempo suscitando intensos debates. ¿Democratiza el conocimiento o amenaza la democracia al permitir que unos pocos controlen la información? ¿Ofrece oportunidades ilimitadas o conduce a un futuro tecnodependiente sin retorno? ¿Nivela las desigualdades?¿Debe utilizarse en la enseñanza de niños pequeños o supone un riesgo para su desarrollo? El debate ha sido alimentado por el cierre de las escuelas debido al COVID-19 y la aparición de la inteligencia artificial generativa. Pero como los desarrolladores suelen ir un paso por delante de los responsables de la toma de decisiones, la investigación sobre tecnología educativa es compleja. Las pruebas sólidas e imparciales son escasas. ¿Se plantean las sociedades las preguntas adecuadas sobre la educación antes de recurrir a la tecnología como solución? ¿Reconocen sus riesgos mientras buscan sus beneficios? Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación pueden contribuir a la equidad y la inclusión para llegar a los alumnos desfavorecidos y difundir más conocimientos en formatos atractivos y asequibles. En determinados contextos y para algunos tipos de aprendizaje, puede mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las competencias básicas. En cualquier caso, las competencias digitales se han convertido parte de un paquete de habilidades básicas. La tecnología digital también puede respaldar la gestión y aumentar la eficiencia, ayudando a manejar volúmenes más grandes de datos educativos. Pero la tecnología también puede excluir y ser irrelevante y onerosa, cuando no directamente perjudicial. Los gobiernos deben garantizar las condiciones adecuadas para permitir un acceso equitativo a la educación para todos, regular el uso de la tecnología para proteger a los alumnos de sus influencias negativas y preparar a los profesores. Este informe recomienda que la tecnología se introduzca en la educación sobre la base de pruebas que demuestren que sería apropiada, equitativa, escalable y sostenible. En otras palabras, su uso debe estar en el mejor interés de los estudiantes y debe complementar la interacción cara a cara con los profesores. Debe verse como una herramienta a utilizar en estos términos. A medio camino de la fecha límite, el Informe de seguimiento de la educación en el mundo 2023 evalúa la distancia que queda por recorrer para alcanzar los objetivos educativos de 2030. La educación es la clave para alcanzar otros objetivos de desarrollo, entre ellos el del progreso tecnológico. 
International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, Planning Education in the AI Era: Lead the Leap; Final Report 出版年份: 2019 机构作者: UNESCO The current report is an exhaustive account of the discussion and debate at the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education (hereafter referred to as ‘the conference’) held in Beijing from 16 to 18 May 2019. Under the overarching theme of ‘Planning Education in the AI Era: Lead the Leap’, the conference was structured into seven plenary sessions and 16 breakout sessions complemented by a live exhibition and study tours to facilitate forwardlooking debates, share cutting-edge knowledge and AI solutions, and deliberate on sector-wide strategies. 
Her Atlas: Interactive Advocacy Tool on Girls’ and Women’s Right to Education 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: UNESCO Many girls and women cannot exercise their right to education due to gender inequality and discriminatory practices. Poverty, early marriage, and gender-based violence are just some of the many reasons behind the high percentage of global female illiteracy and school drop-outs. Strengthening the right of girls and women to quality education is key to eliminate discrimination and to achieve equal rights between genders. This cannot be achieved without solid national legal frameworks that are rightsbased, gender responsive and inclusive. This is where HerAtlas comes in. HerAtlas, is a first of its kind online tool that maps the right to education of girls and women. It aims to enhance public knowledge and monitor the status of national constitutions, legislation and regulations related to education rights for girls and women to encourage countries to take action, strengthen their laws and policies, and lead to long term change. Concrete changes are already apparent. In 2019, 4% of countries were explicitly restricting the right to education of married, pregnant, and parenting girls. This has dropped to 2% in 2022, benefiting millions of girls who can now legally attend school when they marry or become pregnant. 
Consultation Paper on AI Regulation: Emerging Approaches Across the World 出版年份: 2024 作者: Juan David Gutiérrez 机构作者: UNESCO Since 2016, over thirty countries have passed laws explicitly mentioning AI, and in 2024, the discussion about AI bills in legislative bodies has increased globally. This policy brief aims to inform legislators about the different regulatory approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) being considered worldwide by legislative bodies. The brief explains nine emerging regulatory approaches, each illustrated with specific cases worldwide. The order in which the nine AI regulatory approaches are presented is deliberately structured to guide readers from less interventionist, light-touch regulatory measures to more coercive, demanding approaches. These regulatory approaches are not mutually exclusive and AI bills often combine two or more approaches:1. Principles-Based Approach2. Standards-Based Approach3. Agile and Experimentalist Approach4. Facilitating and Enabling Approach5. Adapting Existing Laws Approach6. Access to Information and Transparency Mandates Approach7. Risk-Based Approach8. Rights-Based Approach9. Liability Approach The policy brief suggests parliamentarians how they can address three key questions before adopting AI regulations:1. Why regulate? Determine whether regulation is needed to address public problems, fundamental and collective rights, or desirable futures.2. When to regulate? Reach a consensus on why regulation is needed, map available regulatory instruments, compare them with other policy instruments, and assess the feasibility of adopting the former.3. How to regulate? Identify a combination of AI regulatory approaches that are tailored to specific contexts. 
Empowering Learners and Teachers for Climate Action 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: UNESCO Climate change is impacting every aspect of life around the world and posing a growing threat to people and their livelihoods. It is critical to equip learners with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviours to effectively address the climate crisis. Globally, there remain significant gaps in how climate change education and sustainability are taught in classrooms. Getting every learner climate-ready requires a holistic approach that involves adapting curricula, training teachers, rethinking schools and empowering communities. As part of its ongoing work on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and its role as secretariat to the Greening Education Partnership, UNESCO is currently developing a Green School Quality Standard and Greening Curriculum Guidance to mainstream climate education in schools and educational institutions. 
Why the World Needs Happy Schools: Global Report on Happiness In and For Learning 出版年份: 2024 机构作者: UNESCO Seeing a teacher smile. Hearing students laugh. Feeling a hug from a friend. Smelling fresh air. Tasting a nutritious school meal. These five senses can stimulate happiness at school and improve the learning experiences, outcomes and well-being of students. Through the ‘Happy Schools’ initiative, UNESCO is placing happiness at the core of the transformation of education. It encourages education systems to recognize happiness as both a means to and a goal of quality learning. The initiative is informed by a growing evidence base linking happiness with better learning, teaching, well-being and overall system resilience. This report presents the UNESCO global Happy Schools framework consisting of 4 pillars – people, process, place and principles – and 12 high-level criteria to guide the transformation of learning. It offers a holistic model for embedding happiness into education policies and cultivating it in schools through systemic changes. The report illustrates how the ‘Happy Schools’ initiative aims to create top-down and bottom-up transformation, encouraging governments to recognize happiness as a core objective of education. It supports the scaling of promising practices of joyful learning from the school to the policy level. 
Global Inclusive Schools’ Forum Report: Celebrating Inclusion in Education, 14-15 March 2024 出版年份: 2024 机构作者: UNESCO | International Forums of Inclusion Practitioners This report summarizes UNESCO’s Global Inclusive School’s Forum, co-organized with International Forums of Inclusion Practitioners (IFIP) at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris, France on 14-15 March 2024. The forum convened practitioners from different regions around the world to share experiences and highlight promising and innovative practices to be channeled to policy-makers and key stakeholders. The forum further encouraged synergies between practitioners, schools and communities at local, regional and global levels for greater impact. 
Chile: Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Report 出版年份: 2023 机构作者: UNESCO The Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) is a diagnostic tool intended to assist Member States in upholding their commitment to the Recommendation by helping them understand how prepared they are to implement AI ethically and responsibly for all their citizens. The RAM questionnaire forms the basis for the first section of this readiness assessment report, providing a comprehensive but detailed overview of laws, institutions, and the cultural, social, and human capital landscape shaping AI. This is then complemented in the second section by a summary of concerns and priorities raised during a national multistakeholder consultation that was conducted in 2023. Finally, the third section presents a roadmap and recommendations for building capacities across national institutions, laws and policies, and human capital, to achieve a responsible AI ecosystem aligned with the UNESCO Recommendation. As the very first country to complete the RAM and the country report, Chile is blazing the trail not only for Latin America but the world. We applaud the initiative the Chilean government has taken to update its AI strategy putting ethics and governance front and centre, and thank them for inviting UNESCO to assist in this endeavour. The report presented here reveals a complex and rapidly-changing landscape. In the legal and regulatory dimension, the 2021 National Artificial Intelligence Policy (NAIP) represents a substantive and wide-ranging commitment to developing AI. One of the key recommendations of this report is to fully integrate the UNESCO Recommendation into the NAIP’s axis of Ethics, Regulation, and Socioeconomic Impacts. Notably, the RAM reveals the pressing need to update legislation around data protection and cybersecurity to meet the challenges of AI. It also highlights several areas the Chilean government is actively working to develop. [...] Overall, this report presents a fundamentally optimistic vision that we at UNESCO share: that ethical governance and responsible regulation of AI is entirely consistent with innovation and economic growth, and is essential for ensuring a technological ecosystem that benefits the public good. In drawing a clear line from the RAM data through to the multistakeholder consultations and the recommendations, Chile has a clear roadmap for how to get there. (This text has been extracted from the Foreword of the publication) 
World Heritage Glaciers: Sentinels of Climate Change 出版年份: 2022 机构作者: UNESCO | International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) It outlines the importance of glaciers for sustaining life, their role as indicators of climate change, and their accelerated retreat due to global warming. The report emphasizes the urgent need to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming to 1.5°C, which could save glaciers in two-thirds of World Heritage sites. Additionally, it underscores the importance of adaptive measures like improved monitoring networks, early warning systems, and targeted policies to address the inevitable changes in glacierized areas. It also advocates for inclusive stakeholder engagement, particularly involving Indigenous Peoples and local communities, to develop effective responses to the challenges posed by climate change. The document serves as a call to action for international cooperation and collaboration to protect the Outstanding Universal Value of World Heritage glaciers and ensure their continued benefits for humanity. 
The Global State of Play: Report and Recommendations on Quality Physical Education 出版年份: 2024 机构作者: UNESCO | Loughborough University Active lifestyles are key to ensuring both individual well-being and sustainable, social development. Quality Physical Education (QPE) plays a key role in achieving this by fostering lifelong physical activity, improving young people’s mental and emotional well-being, and developing critical life skills. UNESCO’s sport initiative, Fit for Life, advocates QPE as a cost-effective investment. Despite its potential as a core curricula subject, UNESCO data reveal that PE is often under-prioritized and due to a lack of investment in certain areas, such as staff training and facilities, potential benefits are not fully realised for students around the world. This investment gap connects directly to a delivery gap. Although 83% of countries worldwide report PE as compulsory in schools, there remain significant issues with the quality of delivery and the diversity of lesson planning within curricula:• Only 1 in 3 secondary school students worldwide meet the minimum requirement of 180 minutes of PE minutes per week set out in UNESCO’s Quality Physical Education Policy Guidelines.• Only 61.7% of schools fully include students with disabilities alongside their peers without disabilities in PE classes.• Only 7.1% of schools implement equal PE time for boys and girls, despite 54.5% of countries having policies or plans for it. Policymakers, PE practitioners and academia are encouraged to take action to implement PE policies, increase investment in PE, upskill PE teachers, enhance PE curricula and promote more equitable and inclusive PE environment.