Shadow Education: Private Supplementary Education and Its Challenges to Public Administration in Education in the Asian Region

This monograph is the result of a collaboration between the Asian Development Bank and the Comparative Education Research Center of the University of Hong Kong on research on shadow education and approaches to its management, conducted by Professors Mark Bray and Chad Likins of the University of Hong Kong. The monograph describes shadow education as a large-scale phenomenon spreading rapidly throughout the Asian region, as well as the results of scholarly discussions on the demand and determinants of supply in this field. Also forecasts the consequences of the spread of shadow education for the Asian region.