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Enhancing TVET through Digital Transformation in Developing Countries Année de publication: 2023 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Technological advancements and digitalization are profoundly reshaping our work and lifestyle, business models and operations, and government policy choices. Digital transformation in technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is the planned and structured introduction of automated and streamlined processes within institutions and national technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems through digital technology, with the goal of enhancing their scope, scale, efficiency and effectiveness and ultimately, driving their more sustainable development. This document provides overall perspective and five country case studies on digital transformation in TVET. Most countries studied face similar enabling factors: the digital infrastructure available; legal and policy frameworks; focused institutional change to improve the acquisition of digital skills; and the promotion of equality and inclusivity. To understand how digital transformation in TVET is occurring, the report analyses it at four levels: technical and technological development; curriculum and qualifications; teaching and learning using technology; and its contribution to the sustainability and resilience of societies. 
The CapED Programme: Annual Report 2019 Année de publication: 2020 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO UNESCO is the United Nation’s specialized agency for education and is mandated to lead and coordinate progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 4 – “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”.The CapED Programme is central to delivering on this mandate through capacity development. It mobilizes UNESCO’s worldwide network of specialized Institutes and offices and works with partners to assist countries as they develop and implement national plans to deliver on SDG4 commitments.The Annual Report 2019 provides information on achievements and progress made in the 26 countries where CapED is operational. Programme CapED: rapport annuel 2019 Année de publication: 2020 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Institution spécialisée des Nations Unies pour l'éducation, l'UNESCO est chargée de conduire et de coordonner les efforts entrepris pour atteindre l'Objectif de développement durable 4 : « Assurer l'accès de tous à une éducation de qualité, sur un pied d'égalité, et promouvoir les possibilités d'apprentissage tout au long de la vie ».Le Programme CapED de développement des capacités pour l'éducation joue un rôle central dans l'exercice de ce mandat. Il mobilise le réseau mondial des instituts spécialisés et des bureaux de l'UNESCO et, en collaboration avec ses partenaires, aide les pays à élaborer et mettre en oeuvre leurs plans nationaux afin d'honorer les engagements qu'ils ont pris au titre de l'ODD 4.Le Rapport annuel 2019 met en lumière les résultats obtenus et les progrès accomplis dans les 26 pays où le Programme CapED intervient. 
Textbooks and Inclusive Education: Background Paper Prepared for the 2020 Global Education Monitoring Report, Inclusion and Education Année de publication: 2020 Auteur: Eckhardt Fuchs | Marcus Otto | Simiao Yu Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO | Global Education Monitoring Report Team This report, based on an analysis of a sample of textbooks from 28 countries, shows that the subject of inclusion has become increasingly significant in terms of both structure and subject matter, and particularly in the contexts of human rights and citizenship. Social diversity is also increasingly taken into account and reflected upon, albeit with varying emphasis on the differing dimensions of diversity, given that genuinely intersectional perspectives via which these are linked only occur in isolated and rudimentary cases. With regard to inclusiveness in the gender-related dimension, the overall picture of the textbook sample under analysis here is a heterogeneous one; further, the incorporation of LGTBQIA+ perspectives remains insufficient. Nevertheless, the textbooks examined here do show increasing critical reflection on the social discrimination of different groups, and, ultimately, we do observe a significant trend towards a more pronounced consideration and representation of different social groups and minorities. 
Dialogue for Prevention Année de publication: 2025 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO In an era where geopolitical power struggles disrupt traditional peacebuilding, where identity and misinformation fuel divisions, and where trust in institutions is eroding, UNESCO’s Intercultural Dialogue for Conflict Transformation briefs series presents an adaptable, culturally grounded, and people-centred approach to peacebuilding. With 1.5 billion people living in contexts with low intercultural dialogue where global challenges such as absolute poverty, terrorism and forced displacement are more prevalent, this four-part series draws on firsthand experience, country case studies, and expert analysis to demonstrate the transformative potential of dialogue in fragile and conflict-sensitive settings. The Dialogue for Prevention brief, developed with the Auschwitz Institute for the Prevention of Genocide and Mass Atrocities, explores the powerful role intercultural dialogue can play in preventing large-scale identity-based violence, particularly in the upstream and downstream phases of conflict. Grounded in the idea that dialogue can bridge divides and foster mutual understanding, the brief argues that enabling environments for intercultural dialogue—marked by stability, inclusive governance, freedom of expression, horizontal equality, and social cohesion—also mitigate key risk factors for atrocity violence. Drawing on diverse examples from Cambodia, Colombia, Italy, and Kenya, it showcases creative, context specific applications of dialogue. Through practical guidance, the brief equips policymakers, practitioners and civil society seeking to embed dialogue into prevention strategies. 
Dialogue for Social Cohesion Année de publication: 2025 Auteur: Isaure Vicarini | Euan Mackway-Jones Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO In an era where geopolitical power struggles disrupt traditional peacebuilding, where identity and misinformation fuel divisions, and where trust in institutions is eroding, UNESCO’s Intercultural Dialogue for Conflict Transformation briefs series presents an adaptable, culturally grounded, and people-centred approach to peacebuilding. With 89% of conflicts worldwide occurring in countries with limited capacity for intercultural dialogue, this four-part series draws on firsthand experience, country case studies, and expert analysis to demonstrate the transformative potential of dialogue in fragile and conflict-sensitive settings. The Dialogue for Social Cohesion brief—developed in collaboration with the Berghof Foundation and Search for Common Ground—bridges theory and practice to explore the horizontal (community-to-community) and vertical (citizen-to-state) dimensions of social cohesion and highlights how inclusive dialogue can support both. Case studies from Afghanistan, Germany, Somalia, and South Sudan illustrate how dialogue—whether through theatre, education, local governance, or environmental peacebuilding—can cultivate mutual understanding and trust, bridge identity-based divides, and restore, step by step, the social fabric in fractured societies. Through actionable recommendations, this brief equips practitioners, policymakers, and civil society with the essential guidance needed to tailor and embed dialogue in their respective contexts, helping to ensure that peace processes are inclusive, locally driven, and enduring. 
Mainstreaming the General History of Africa into Education Systems: The Curriculum Pathway Année de publication: 2025 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Education about the history of Africa in formal, non-formal and informal learning settings continues to be dominated by Eurocentric perspectives, which has led to imbalanced representation of Africa’s history and preconceptions.This publication is a tool to support countries in challenging the skewed perspectives on how African history is taught and how Africa is perceived. It aims to bring to the foreground Africa’s history, cultures and heritage through the curriculum to strengthen knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that contribute towards addressing long-standing hegemonic, colonial thinking and connected racial bias, while forging a united, prosperous and peaceful Africa and world.Stemming from the decolonial vision and content of the volumes of the General History of Africa, the publication proposes guiding principles and approaches for designing and implementing the General History of Africa into the curriculum. It puts forth curriculum outlines for basic and secondary education to offer renewed and broader perspectives on the history of Africa and its diasporas, and their contributions to humanity.The curriculum outlines are structured around nine thematic Learning Units, arranged chronologically from the origins of humanity and civilizations to Africa’s most recent history. 
Can African Countries Afford Their National SDG 4 Benchmarks? Année de publication: 2024 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO | Global Education Monitoring Report Team This brief paper follows the broad methodological approach of the two previous SDG 4 costing exercises and their main assumptions (UNESCO, 2015a; UNESCO, 2020). It introduces the SDG 4 benchmarking process and how to estimate the cost of achieving these targets set by countries, largely based on their sector plans. Finally, it presents the revised assumptions of the model and the key findings. Despite lowering ambition, there is still an average national financing gap of USD 78 billion per year in the 44 low- and lower-middle-income countries in Africa. 
Hydro Resilience: Citizen and Open Science for Climate Adaptation Année de publication: 2024 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO Human-induced climate change is affecting weather and climate extremes worldwide and causing changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere leading to widespread adverse impacts on people and nature. These conditions have exposed people to reduced water security and negatively affected food security and ecosystem services. Despite advances in climate and water sciences, there is still a significant gap between information availability and its uptake by stakeholders. Although there is abundant data and information available on the potential impacts of climate change, there is a lack of expert knowledge on the user side, which limits the development and implementation of effective adaptation strategies at the local level. There is also an opportunity to bring communities more on board to manage their climate risk through citizen engagement and to ensure that vulnerable communities can benefit from climate science foresight. To address these challenges, a new project was developed called ‘Hydro Resilience: Citizen and Open Science for Climate Adaptation’ to pilot citizen and open science applications for climate risk management and to support water management under climate change uncertainty. 
Assessment for Advocacy to Transform Communities, Programmes and Policies in the Global South Année de publication: 2024 Auteur institutionnel: UNESCO | Global Education Monitoring Report Team | PAL Network This paper was commissioned by the Global Education Monitoring Report as background information to assist in drafting the 2024 Spotlight Report on basic education completion and foundational learning in Africa. It has not been edited by the team. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the Global Education Monitoring Report or to UNESCO. The papers can be cited with the following reference: “Paper commissioned for the 2024 Spotlight Report on basic education completion and foundational learning in Africa”.