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Climate Justice and Human Rights Year of publication: 2022 Author: Noha Bakr Climate justice is linking the impacts of global warming with principles of justice, specifically environmental justice and social justice, by exploring issues resulting from global warming such as equality, human rights, collective rights, and historical responsibilities. Annual SDG Review 2023: The Private Sector and The SDGs in The Arab Region Year of publication: 2023 Author: Mario Jales | Jana El Baba | Hania Sabbidin Dimassi Corporate author: UN. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UN. ESCWA) The ESCWA Annual SDG Review 2023, the second in the series, explores the contributions of the private sector to the realization of the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs in the Arab region. Building on limited available data on the subject, the report offers an indicative reading of existing trends and gaps in the region. The analysis is guided not only by the Agenda’s goals and targets, but also by the whole-of-society and rights-based approaches and the principles of universality, leaving no one behind, combating inequality and promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women.The Review examines the contributions of the private sector to sustainable development in the Arab region from three lenses: delivering the SDGs through business action, mobilizing private finance for the SDGs, and engaging the private sector in SDG planning and coordination. Each chapter assesses evidence for private sector engagement in the delivery of the SDGs in the region and provides guidance on actions needed to address current gaps. International Organizations’ Efforts to Qualify Teachers for Refugee in Türkiye and Egypt : A Comparative Study (International Projects as Models; Vol.1, No.47) Year of publication: 2023 Author: Husniah Husayn Abd al-Rahman Iwis Corporate author: Fayoum University. Faculty of Education Educating refugee students requires teachers who master different skills that enable them to overcome the challenges they face in supporting children emotionally, and integrating them socially andacademically; Therefore, there was a need to train teachers before and during service in order to teach in classes consisting of children of different nationalities and cultures. This research seeks to reveal the nature of the efforts made to prepare teachers in charge ofeducating refugees in both Egypt and Turkey. To achieve this goal, theresearch relied on the functional approach and reached a number of results, the most important of which are: Internationalorganizations have attached great importance to the implementation ofteacher for refugee rehabilitation projects; this is through projectsfunded by the European Commission under the Erasmus+ (KA2)programme. It also shows the positive impact of projects on theemotional, social and professional aspects. Unaccompanied and Separated Children in the Mediterranean Region Year of publication: 2024 Author: Pierre Cazenave Corporate author: International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) | European Union (EU) This work was designed to shed light on past and current dynamics that influence international migration (from and within the region), gather the perspectives and analyse the narratives of Unaccompanied and Separated Children (UASC) in an attempt to understand the reasons that underpin the mobility of unaccompanied and separated children from and within the region, also with a view to provide recommendations on how to better provide for their specific needs in different contexts. The study placed a special emphasis on 3 selected countries in the MENA region (Morocco, Jordan and Lebanon) while valuable information and data gathered in 2 European Union (EU) countries, Greece and Spain, were also used. Psychological Counseling for People with Special Needs: Challenges and Prospects (Conference on Integrative Growth and Development in Special Education: Creating Knowledge for the Futures) Year of publication: 2022 Author: Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi Corporate author: Umm Al-Qura University | Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Education The study aims to identify the importance of psychological counseling for people with special needs and their families and the challenges facing them and the role of the psychological counselor in guiding them, through literature and studies in this field between (2015–2022). The study concluded that people with special needs have different guiding needs in terms of accepting disability and disorders that arise due to disability and integrating them with society and the resulting challenges that require guidance intervention, which increases the importance of psychological guidance for the study sample and the role of the psychological guide for this group to be familiar with information related to disability, help them to identify the nature of his disability, treatment and fate, and help solve his psychological, social, family and study problems, whether at the level of the individual or his family. Recommendations related to the results of the study were also made. Instructional Strategies for Learning Conflict Resolution Skills in School (Mustansiriyah Journal of Humanities; Vol. 1-1, Special Issue) Year of publication: 2023 Author: Haider Kareem Sukar Corporate author: Mustansiriyah University The school is a community tool that achieves its educational goals through all behavioral habits that provide students with sound and integrated growth, as well as preparation and adaptation for the future after obtaining success and involvement in government institutions and the economy. In the civilizational scale, so the school must achieve all means of education and an educational philosophy based on foundations with educational entertainment Adolescent children may seek more freedom, power, and complete liberation later on from the authority of parents and others represented by the school, as it is the broader environment after the family that embraces the person, so we see these children doing actions such as abuse of others, violation of order and law, harshness in dealing with others, or rudeness in their behavior with them They may make mistakes and misbehave on purpose even though they know what is right and are able to act well. Therefore, the increasing manifestations of violence, disagreement and conflict in schools have led to an increase in the interest of educators of all positions in the process of learning and teaching students the concepts of human rights and the attitudes of tolerance in general and the skills of resolving differences and conflicts in constructive and positive ways and means. Human Rights and Conflict Resolution: Palestinian Universities as a Case Study (Conceptual Paper) Year of publication: 2023 Author: Rashad Twam Corporate author: Palestinian Jurists Association Palestinian universities have consistently witnessed occasional conflicts, many of which have resulted in disrupting the educational process. While some of these conflicts originated outside the university walls, as an extension of societal violence, others stemmed from within the university itself, posing a threat to civil peace. This conceptual paper addresses this issue by examining the various forms of these conflicts over the past five years (2018-2022) and the stakeholders involved in resolving them. It adopts a differentiated approach between the perspectives and methodologies of human rights advocates and conflict resolution practitioners, with a focus on the case study of Birzeit University. World Heritage Glaciers: Sentinels of Climate Change Year of publication: 2022 Corporate author: UNESCO | International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) It outlines the importance of glaciers for sustaining life, their role as indicators of climate change, and their accelerated retreat due to global warming. The report emphasizes the urgent need to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming to 1.5°C, which could save glaciers in two-thirds of World Heritage sites. Additionally, it underscores the importance of adaptive measures like improved monitoring networks, early warning systems, and targeted policies to address the inevitable changes in glacierized areas. It also advocates for inclusive stakeholder engagement, particularly involving Indigenous Peoples and local communities, to develop effective responses to the challenges posed by climate change. The document serves as a call to action for international cooperation and collaboration to protect the Outstanding Universal Value of World Heritage glaciers and ensure their continued benefits for humanity. Chile: Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Report Year of publication: 2023 Corporate author: UNESCO The Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) is a diagnostic tool intended to assist Member States in upholding their commitment to the Recommendation by helping them understand how prepared they are to implement AI ethically and responsibly for all their citizens. The RAM questionnaire forms the basis for the first section of this readiness assessment report, providing a comprehensive but detailed overview of laws, institutions, and the cultural, social, and human capital landscape shaping AI. This is then complemented in the second section by a summary of concerns and priorities raised during a national multistakeholder consultation that was conducted in 2023. Finally, the third section presents a roadmap and recommendations for building capacities across national institutions, laws and policies, and human capital, to achieve a responsible AI ecosystem aligned with the UNESCO Recommendation. As the very first country to complete the RAM and the country report, Chile is blazing the trail not only for Latin America but the world. We applaud the initiative the Chilean government has taken to update its AI strategy putting ethics and governance front and centre, and thank them for inviting UNESCO to assist in this endeavour. The report presented here reveals a complex and rapidly-changing landscape. In the legal and regulatory dimension, the 2021 National Artificial Intelligence Policy (NAIP) represents a substantive and wide-ranging commitment to developing AI. One of the key recommendations of this report is to fully integrate the UNESCO Recommendation into the NAIP’s axis of Ethics, Regulation, and Socioeconomic Impacts. Notably, the RAM reveals the pressing need to update legislation around data protection and cybersecurity to meet the challenges of AI. It also highlights several areas the Chilean government is actively working to develop. [...] Overall, this report presents a fundamentally optimistic vision that we at UNESCO share: that ethical governance and responsible regulation of AI is entirely consistent with innovation and economic growth, and is essential for ensuring a technological ecosystem that benefits the public good. In drawing a clear line from the RAM data through to the multistakeholder consultations and the recommendations, Chile has a clear roadmap for how to get there. (This text has been extracted from the Foreword of the publication) Assessment of Teacher Competencies in Selected Provinces of Afghanistan (2023) Year of publication: 2024 Corporate author: UNESCO Kabul UNESCO Kabul Office commissioned a study aimed at assessing the competencies of Grade 3 teachers. A total of 617 teachers from 223 randomly selected schools across five provinces in Afghanistan participated in the study. Overall, although surveyed grade 3 teachers demonstrated a high level of self-perception regarding teaching competencies, they had low content knowledge. There remained room for improvement in terms of pedagogical skills among participating teachers.