Resources
Explore a wide range of valuable resources on GCED to deepen your understanding and enhance your research, advocacy, teaching, and learning.
8,328 Results found
Ethical Civilization and the Cultivation of Citizens in the Perspective of Hegel’s Philosophy of Spirit (Ethical Education Research; No.2, 2019) Year of publication: 2019 Author: 吕寿伟 The process of education is to make children grow from natural individuals to national citizens. Education constantly improves individual upbring through the removal of children’s nature and the transformation of their individuality, and ultimately makes the inner change of children’s spirit. Ethical entities are the environment for children to be nurtured, and families, schools and states are the realistic forms. Family is the natural ethical entity of education, which takes love as the basic spiritual rule. In family, children gradually transform the family’s ethical spirit into the habitual intention of self. But the selfish nature of the family cannot create a modern citizen with a public spirit. The school, as an educational community, is an ethical combination which consists of children from different families. “Emancipation”，which is the spiritual rule of school education, creates educated individuals. But school cannot shape the real citizens, which can only be formed in the ethical entity of the country. The state, as a concept, embodies the common will of the public. The purpose of the state is to complete the shaping of the national citizens through the promotion of children' upbring. 
A Study on the Influential Factors of E-learning Opportunity for Elementary School Students: Perspectives from Students, Parents and Schools (Educational Journal ; Vol.45, No.1) Year of publication: 2017 Author: 陈宇芃 | 林丰政 Based on the data from students, parents and schools of the 2013 Survey of Student Digital Ability and e-Learning Opportunity from the Academia Sinica’s Survey Research Data Archive, this article constructed a hierarchical linear model to analyze how students’ e-learning opportunity is related to the multilevel influence effects of school- and parent-level covariates. Quantile regression was also used to study different covariate effects at different quantile levels of student e-learning opportunity. Results indicate that: (1) Digital Level Area is a very important influential factor for students’ e-learning opportunity due to the reason that schools in higher Digital Level Area have more digital resources, and students are likely to have more opportunity for access to and frequent use of e-learning; (2) the more IT equipment or IT literacy students have can greatly affect their possession of e-learning opportunity; (3) parents should pay special attention to problems of their children resulting from overuse of e-learning resources which could cause harm to their children both mentally and physically; moreover, schools should widely promote the awareness of personal information security to students; (4) in order to eliminate the digital divide caused by Digital Level Area, schools need to strengthen the integration of software and information technology into instruction as far as possible. 
The Development of Asian Primary Students’ Global Citizenship Literacy Scales: An Exploratory Study of Taiwan Primary Student (Educational Journal ; Vol.45, No.1) Year of publication: 2017 Author: 吴时省 | 蔡清华 This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure the effect of Taiwan’s policy on global education. Four constructs were developed, namely rights and responsibilities of global citizenship, competencies of global citizenship, participation of global citizenship, and reflection of global citizenship. The instrument was tested with a sample of 1,112 elementary school students in Taiwan. Content validity was established. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed construct validity. All the indexes were satisfied except the convergent validity. 
An Exploration of Citizenship Identity and Civic Awareness: An Analysis of Moral and Civic Education Primary School Textbooks in Macao (Educational Journal ; Vol.48, No.1) Year of publication: 2018 Author: 黄素君 | 黄乐源 | 谢均才 This article aims to explore the discourses of citizenship identity and civic awareness embedded in the series of Moral and Civic Education primary school textbooks in Macao. The study reveals that: (a) the personal and collective level of civic awareness is the dominant discourse in the textbooks; (b) the textbooks give an important weighting to the cultivation of the character of citizens as well as the importance of individual self-discipline and collective value; (c) patriotic education and civic education intertwine in order to cultivate a patriotic Chinese citizen; (d) “respect” is the key concept in cultivating the global citizen in the textbooks. The citizenship presented in the textbooks emphasizes the formation of national identity, and a form of responsibility-driven civic awareness. In essence, the cultivation of citizenship identity and civic awareness still demonstrates a passive and self-disciplined view. This article suggests that curriculum design should emphasize on the cultivation of fairness and critical thinking in order to fulfill a comprehensive mission and function of citizenship education. 
Learning Outcomes of Fifth and Sixth Graders in a Computer Course Using a Virtual Reality Website for Learning (Educational Journal ; Vol.48, No.1) Year of publication: 2020 Author: 曹永庆 | 林佳禾 In recent years, the use of virtual reality (VR) in games and teaching has become increasingly popular. The boundless nature of the Web and the uniqueness of multimedia in VR greatly enhance peer interaction as well as the interaction between learners and virtual objects on Webpages.Elementary schoolchildren’s habits of using Webpages depends upon the navigation interface design of the Webpages. Therefore, understanding the effectiveness of schoolchildren’s visual interaction with Webpages will help implement VR into Websites for schoolchildren.The purpose of this experiment was to explore the learning outcomes of 60 Taiwanese fifth and sixth graders in a computer course using VR Webpages. The experiment involved students learning through the tasks set on the VR Web platform “CoSpaces EDU.” The differences in their learning outcomes on the “5C key competencies” (i.e., communication and coordination skills, teamwork capabilities, problem-solving skills, independent thinking capabilities, and creativity) before and after the experiment were compared.Based on the results of expert assessment and students’ self-evaluation, paired-samples t test was conducted to compare the learning outcomes before and after implementing the VR teaching. Results show that the fifth and sixth graders were found to exhibit excellent 5C competencies after the experiment. 
Imagining the Classroom Full of Learning in the Future: Effective Teaching With Social Constructive Learning (Educational Journal ; Vol.48, No.2) Year of publication: 2020 Author: 洪瑜佩 This article used an observation scale, together with literature exploration and film observation, to imagine the future classroom. From literature review, it was found that constructivist teaching helps students acquire new knowledge and develop cognition through connecting new and old knowledge. Teaching with the social constructivism approach regards learning as the result of interaction with society and culture. This article aimed to explore the social constructivist teaching context, as well as to observe which aspects and connotations teachers should pay attention to in curriculum arrangement. The researcher amended the observation scale designed by Good & Lavigne (2018) with five steps: (a) raising questions;(b) collaboration and suggestions; (c) assessment and discussions; (d) application to scenarios; and (e) summarizing knowledge. Teachers’ teaching was observed and assessed based on the five steps. The following results were found: (a) students should have the responsibilities of learning;(b) teachers must have good questioning and guidance skills; (c) teachers need to incorporate learning into real-life situations; (d) students’ cognition must be reviewed and monitored frequently. The researcher believes that a classroom full of learning is not imaginary. Teachers already have the ability to construct effective classrooms and should treat students as the learning agent. 
An Experimental Study of Constructing Maker Teaching Model (Educational Journal ; Vol.49, No.2) Year of publication: 2021 Author: 沈翠莲 Makers studying at university are the main powerful pioneers for developing innovative knowledge society. This research aimed to construct a feasible model of maker teaching, to explore the differences of learning perception of the maker instructional model, and to develop the subsequent process of product creation. Nonequivalent pretest-posttest designs of the quasi-experimental research was employed. Research participants included 132 college students from three classes of creativity-related courses, who participated a 6-week experiment. They were divided into the experimental group and two control groups. A questionnaire was employed to test their differences of learning perception. Results found that: (a) for the maker instructional model, CEO-I2M2E2-SF, a collaborative constructive relationship should be built between instructor and makers; (b) in terms of the performances of learning perception under the maker instructional model, significant differences were found in the dimensions of creativity, creative problem solving, and maker instructional design; (c) there were educational and marketing values in the subsequent process of product creation by makers. 
Mirages and Harsh Reality of Inclusive Education in Kyrgyzstan Year of publication: 2022 Author: Kalys Meymanbekova Corporate author: Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting (CABAR) The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of accessibility of inclusive education for persons with disabilities in Kyrgyzstan. Inclusive education is understood as an activity to increase diversity and develop a sense of belonging, based on the fact that each person is valuable and has the potential for development. 
Shattered Childhood: Children in Central Asia Mostly Keep Silent about Sexualised Abuse Author: Katerina Afanasieva | Aleksandra Vasilkova | Mazkhab Dzhumaev | Aida Dzhaksybaeva Corporate author: Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting (CABAR) No one really knows the scope of sexualised abuse of children in Central Asia. According to estimates of human rights activists, only one case of 10 goes reported to law enforcement bodies at best. Once it is reported, the investigation and courts often cause another trauma to children, while proceedings may take years. 
Gender Digital Divide Assessment: Uzbekistan Year of publication: 2023 Corporate author: UNDP Uzbekistan The Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, realizing the negative impact of the gender digital divide on the development of the country, has included the issue of ensuring gender digital equality among its priorities. The United Nations Development Programme in Uzbekistan conducted an assessment to measure and analyze the main factors affecting the digital inclusion (or isolation) of women and girls, and recommended a number of actions that the Government can take to address existing gaps.